Reuse as heuristic : from transmission to nurture in learning activity design

In recent years a combination of ever more flexible and sophisticated Web technologies and an explosion in the quantity of online content has sparked learning technologists around the world to pursue the promise of the 'reusable learning object' or RLO with the idea that RLOs could be reused in different educational contexts, thereby providing greater overall flexibility and return on investment. In 2002 the ACETS Project undertook a three-year study in the UK to investigate whether RLOs worked in practice and how the pursuit of reuse affected the teacher and their teaching. Teachers working in healthcare-related subjects in Higher and Further Education were asked to create an original learning design or activity from third-party digital resources and to reflect both on the process and its outcomes. The expectation was that teachers would be the ones selecting and reusing third-party materials. This paper describes how one of the ACETS exemplifiers reinterpreted this remit, challenged the anticipated transmissive model of learning, and instead, gave their students an opportunity to create their own original learning designs and learning activities from third-party digital resources. By describing the educational enhancements, the resulting heightened levels of critical thinking, and sensitivity to patient needs, 'reuse' will be shown to be an effective heuristic for student self-direction and professional development

Dental implant register : summary and consensus statements of group 2. The 5th EAO consensus conference 2018

Objectives: This publication reports the EAO Workshop group-2 and consensus plenary discussions and statements on a narrative review providing the background and possible facilities and importance of a dental implant register, to allow for a systematic follow-up of the clinical outcome of dental implant treatment in various clinical settings. It should be observed that the format of the review and the subsequent consensus report consciously departs from conventional consensus publications and reports. Material and methods: The publication was a narrative review on the presence and significance of quality registers regarding select medical conditions and procedures. The group discussed and evaluated the publication and made corrections and recommendations to the authors and agreed on the statements and recommendations described in this consensus report. Results: Possible registrations to be included in an implant register were discussed and agreed as a preliminary basis for further development, meaning that additional parameters be included or some be deleted. Conclusions: It was agreed to bring the idea of an implant quality register, including the presented results of discussions and proposals by the group- and plenary sessions, to the EAO Board for further discussion and decision

Spectrum, Spring 1991

Spectrum was a newsletter for students, faculty, staff and alumni of the Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, published from 1983-1992

Periodontal Diseases in Patients with Special Health Care Needs

A wide variation of people with an impairment or disability requires a “special care dentistry” once their general manifestations directly act in the oral cavity. This target public is inserted into the following categories: neuromotor disability, sensory disability, mental disorder, infecto-contagious diseases, chronic systemic diseases, and systemic conditions. Among the several oral illnesses found in these groups, periodontal diseases have been the most frequent, becoming a major challenge for the dental practitioners. Thus, we described the microbiological, histopathological, and clinical features of periodontal diseases in each “special health care needs” group. Advances in “Omic” technologies have suggested the application of molecular biology methods to assess the genomics (genes), proteomics (proteins), transcriptomics (mRNA), and metabolomics (metabolites) aspects of periodontal diseases. These researches aim to promote a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and in the identification of new biomarkers of periodontal diseases that help in diagnosis of periodontal diseases and in tissue responses after treatments of gingivitis and periodontitis. As an alternative therapy, some bioactive materials and photobiomodulation may be indicated once they strongly stimulate the periodontal tissue regeneration, attenuate the inflammatory processes, and/or promote the reconstruction of the microstructure of the periodontium

Longitudinal analysis of student performance between host and cooperating college learners in the dental hygiene program at Northcentral Technical College in Wausau, Wisconsin

Includes bibliographical references

The use of information and communication technologies in self-regulatory processes to promote gingival health

A Saúde Oral é fundamental para a saúde, bem-estar e qualidade de vida. A prevalência e a recorrência das doenças orais constituem uma epidemia silenciosa. Um controlo eficaz do biofilme dentário é um pilar da saúde gengival. Por isso, ajudar a melhorar e manter os níveis de higiene oral dos pacientes, deve ser o principal objetivo dos profissionais de saúde oral que se dedicam ao tratamento das doenças periodontais e manutenção da saúde. A investigação descrita envolveu 246 pacientes e teve por objetivo explorar os efeitos de novas tecnologias, nomeadamente a câmara intraoral (CIO) e o telemóvel, através da utilização de mensagens de texto (SMS), na promoção de comportamentos de higiene oral, em adultos com gengivite. As intervenções foram baseadas em teoria sobre a mudança de comportamentos de saúde e o modelo teórico utilizado foi o Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). Foram realizados quatro estudos, no primeiro investigou-se a utilidade da CIO numa consulta de saúde oral; no segundo a utilidade das SMS e no terceiro os benefícios da utilização conjunta de ambas as tecnologias (SMS e CIO) para comportamentos de higiene oral. Nestes três primeiros estudos demonstrou-se a importância da utilização de diferentes tecnologias no decorrer da consulta de saúde oral e o seu efeito em variáveis comportamentais, clínicas e psicológicas. No quarto estudo verificou-se a utilidade do modelo HAPA, bem como os constructos mais importantes para os comportamentos de higiene oral. Os estudos apresentados permitiram compreender a importância das teorias psicológicas nas intervenções em saúde oral, bem como a utilização de novas tecnologias como parte de uma estratégia com vista a uma maior eficácia no controlo da gengivite e na promoção de mudanças e manutenção de comportamentos em saúde oral. As intervenções educacionais em saúde oral devem, portanto, prestar atenção especial a estratégias baseadas em intervenções psicológicas de mudança comportamental e na utilização de tecnologias que possam facilitar e melhorar a sua eficácia em pacientes adultos com doenças gengivais.Oral Health is fundamental to health, well-being, and quality of life. The prevalence and recurrence of oral diseases is a silent epidemic. Effective control of the dental biofilm is a pillar for gingival health. Therefore, helping to improve and maintain patients' oral hygiene levels should be a goal for all oral health professionals who are dedicated to treating periodontal disease and maintaining health. This research, involving 246 patients, aimed to explore the impact of new technologies, including the intraoral camera and mobile phones, through the use of text messaging to promote oral health behaviors in adults with gingival disease. The interventions were theory-based and the theoretical framework used was the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). Four studies, described over 4 chapters, were conducted. The first study investigated the usefulness of the intraoral camera in an oral health appointment; the second, the usefulness of text messages; and the third, the usefulness of the coaction of both technologies (intraoral camera and text messages). The first three studies demonstrated the importance of using different technologies during the oral health appointments, showing their effect on behavioral, clinical, and psychological variables. In study 4, the utility of the model was verified, as were the most important constructs for oral hygiene behaviors. The studies presented here demonstrate the importance of psychological theories in oral health interventions, as well as of using new technologies as part of a strategy aimed at promoting the change and maintenance of oral health behaviors for greater effectiveness in controlling gingivitis. Oral health educational interventions should therefore pay particular attention to strategies based on psychological determinants of behavior change and the use of technologies that can facilitate and improve the effectiveness of those determinants in adult patients with gingival diseases

Relevant domains, core outcome sets and measurements for implant dentistry clinical trials: The Implant Dentistry Core Outcome Set and Measurement (ID-COSM) international consensus report

AimLack of consistently reported outcomes limits progress in evidence‐based implant dentistry and quality of care. The objective of this initiative was to develop a core outcome set (COS) and measurements for implant dentistry clinical trials (ID‐COSM).Materials and MethodsThis Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET)‐registered international initiative comprised six steps over 24 months: (i) systematic reviews of outcomes reported in the last 10 years; (ii) international patient focus groups; (iii) a Delphi project with a broad range of stakeholders (care providers, clinical researchers, methodologists, patients and industry representatives); (iv) expert group discussions organizing the outcomes in domains using a theoretical framework and identifying the COSs; (v) identification of valid measurement systems to capture the different domains and (vi) final consensus and formal approval involving experts and patients. The methods were modified from the best practice approach following the Outcome Measures in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trial and COMET manuals.ResultsThe systematic reviews and patient focus groups identified 754 (665 + 89, respectively) relevant outcome measures. After elimination of redundancies and duplicates, 111 were formally assessed in the Delphi project. By applying pre‐specified filters, the Delphi process identified 22 essential outcomes. These were reduced to 13 after aggregating alternative assessments of the same features. The expert committee organized them into four core outcome areas: (i) pathophysiology, (ii) implant/prosthesis lifespan, (iii) life impact and (iv) access to care. In each area, core outcomes were identified to capture both the benefits and harms of therapy. Mandatory outcome domains included assessment of surgical morbidity and complications, peri‐implant tissue health status, intervention‐related adverse events, complication‐free survival and overall patient satisfaction and comfort. Outcomes deemed mandatory in specific circumstances comprised function (mastication, speech, aesthetics and denture retention), quality of life, effort for treatment and maintenance and cost effectiveness. Specialized COSs were identified for bone and soft‐tissue augmentation procedures. The validity of measurement instruments ranged from international consensus (peri‐implant tissue health status) to early identification of important outcomes (patient‐reported outcomes identified by the focus groups).ConclusionsThe ID‐COSM initiative reached a consensus on a core set of mandatory outcomes for clinical trials in implant dentistry and/or soft tissue/bone augmentation. Adoption in future protocols and reporting on the respective domain areas by currently ongoing trials will contribute to improving evidence‐informed implant dentistry and quality of care