167 research outputs found
Device Cooperation in Ad-hoc Multimedia Ensembles
Users can be overwhelmed by the abundance of functionality that smart ad-hoc environments offer. This thesis investigates how to assist the user in controlling such environments. We present an approach that enables the devices in an ad-hoc environment to cooperatively generate and execute an action sequence to fulfill the user's goals. Device cooperation happens spontaneously and in a completely distributed
fashion. In a quantitative user study, we show that users accept the assistance such a system provides even if it is suboptimal.Nutzer von intelligenten Ad-hoc-Umgebungen sind oft überfordert von der Fülle an Funktionalität, die solche Umgebungen bieten. Im Mittelpunkt dieser Arbeit steht die Frage, wie man Nutzern solcher Umgebungen assistieren kann. Der vorgestellte Ansatz versetzt die Geräte in Ad-hoc-Umgebungen in die Lage, kooperativ eine Aktionssequenz zu generieren und auszuführen, die die Nutzerziele erfüllt. Die Gerätekooperation erfolgt spontan und komplett verteilt.
In einer quantitativen Nutzerstudie zeigen wir, dass Nutzer die Assistenz eines solchen Systems akzeptieren, auch wenn sie suboptimal ist
Automatic Generation of Hierarchical Contracts for Resilience in Cyber-Physical Systems
With the growing scale of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), it is challenging to
maintain their stability under all operating conditions. How to reduce the
downtime and locate the failures becomes a core issue in system design. In this
paper, we employ a hierarchical contract-based resilience framework to
guarantee the stability of CPS. In this framework, we use Assume Guarantee
(A-G) contracts to monitor the non-functional properties of individual
components (e.g., power and latency), and hierarchically compose such contracts
to deduce information about faults at the system level. The hierarchical
contracts enable rapid fault detection in large-scale CPS. However, due to the
vast number of components in CPS, manually designing numerous contracts and the
hierarchy becomes challenging. To address this issue, we propose a technique to
automatically decompose a root contract into multiple lower-level contracts
depending on I/O dependencies between components. We then formulate a
multi-objective optimization problem to search the optimal parameters of each
lower-level contract. This enables automatic contract refinement taking into
consideration the communication overhead between components. Finally, we use a
case study from the manufacturing domain to experimentally demonstrate the
benefits of the proposed framework.Comment: \copyright 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted.
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Leveraging Compositional Methods for Modeling and Verification of an Autonomous Taxi System
We apply a compositional formal modeling and verification method to an
autonomous aircraft taxi system. We provide insights into the modeling approach
and we identify several research areas where further development is needed.
Specifically, we identify the following needs: (1) semantics of composition of
viewpoints expressed in different specification languages, and tools to reason
about heterogeneous declarative models; (2) libraries of formal models for
autonomous systems to speed up modeling and enable efficient reasoning; (3)
methods to lift verification results generated by automated reasoning tools to
the specification level; (4) probabilistic contract frameworks to reason about
imperfect implementations; (5) standard high-level functional architectures for
autonomous systems; and (6) a theory of higher-order contracts. We believe that
addressing these research needs, among others, could improve the adoption of
formal methods in the design of autonomous systems including learning-enabled
systems, and increase confidence in their safe operations.Comment: 2023 International Conference on Assured Autonomy (ICAA
Model Transformation Languages with Modular Information Hiding
Model transformations, together with models, form the principal artifacts in model-driven software development. Industrial practitioners report that transformations on larger models quickly get sufficiently large and complex themselves. To alleviate entailed maintenance efforts, this thesis presents a modularity concept with explicit interfaces, complemented by software visualization and clustering techniques. All three approaches are tailored to the specific needs of the transformation domain
Model Transformation Languages with Modular Information Hiding
Model transformations, together with models, form the principal artifacts in model-driven software development. Industrial practitioners report that transformations on larger models quickly get sufficiently large and complex themselves. To alleviate entailed maintenance efforts, this thesis presents a modularity concept with explicit interfaces, complemented by software visualization and clustering techniques. All three approaches are tailored to the specific needs of the transformation domain
A Smart Products Lifecycle Management (sPLM) Framework - Modeling for Conceptualization, Interoperability, and Modularity
Autonomy and intelligence have been built into many of today’s mechatronic products, taking advantage of low-cost sensors and advanced data analytics technologies. Design of product intelligence (enabled by analytics capabilities) is no longer a trivial or additional option for the product development. The objective of this research is aimed at addressing the challenges raised by the new data-driven design paradigm for smart products development, in which the product itself and the smartness require to be carefully co-constructed.
A smart product can be seen as specific compositions and configurations of its physical components to form the body, its analytics models to implement the intelligence, evolving along its lifecycle stages. Based on this view, the contribution of this research is to expand the “Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)” concept traditionally for physical products to data-based products. As a result, a Smart Products Lifecycle Management (sPLM) framework is conceptualized based on a high-dimensional Smart Product Hypercube (sPH) representation and decomposition.
First, the sPLM addresses the interoperability issues by developing a Smart Component data model to uniformly represent and compose physical component models created by engineers and analytics models created by data scientists. Second, the sPLM implements an NPD3 process model that incorporates formal data analytics process into the new product development (NPD) process model, in order to support the transdisciplinary information flows and team interactions between engineers and data scientists. Third, the sPLM addresses the issues related to product definition, modular design, product configuration, and lifecycle management of analytics models, by adapting the theoretical frameworks and methods for traditional product design and development.
An sPLM proof-of-concept platform had been implemented for validation of the concepts and methodologies developed throughout the research work. The sPLM platform provides a shared data repository to manage the product-, process-, and configuration-related knowledge for smart products development. It also provides a collaborative environment to facilitate transdisciplinary collaboration between product engineers and data scientists
NASA space station automation: AI-based technology review
Research and Development projects in automation for the Space Station are discussed. Artificial Intelligence (AI) based automation technologies are planned to enhance crew safety through reduced need for EVA, increase crew productivity through the reduction of routine operations, increase space station autonomy, and augment space station capability through the use of teleoperation and robotics. AI technology will also be developed for the servicing of satellites at the Space Station, system monitoring and diagnosis, space manufacturing, and the assembly of large space structures
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