Gestión y Mejora de Procesos de Desarrollo de Software

Software process improvement (SPI) has received much attention in both academia and industry. SPI aims to improve the efficiency of the software development process. Several different approaches to SPI have been developed, including SEI's Capability Maturity Model (CMM), more recently Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). The research shows a report that indicates the benefits and difficulties of implementing the improvement of SPI in SMEs. A review of the literature and the comparison of several cases were made.La mejora de procesos de software (SPI) ha recibido mucha atención tanto en la academia como en la industria. SPI tiene como objetivo mejorar la eficacia del proceso de desarrollo de software. Se han desarrollado varios enfoques diferentes para SPI, incluido el Modelo de madurez de capacidad (CMM) de SEI, más recientemente la Integración del modelo de madurez de capacidad (CMMI). La investigación muestra un informe que indica los beneficios y dificultades de la implantación de la mejora de los SPI en la PYMES. Se hizo una revisión de la literatura y la comparación de varios casos

Developing a methodological generic framework through introducing autonomy and self-adaptation to information systems thinking

There is a requirement for systems methodologies and approaches that can cope with real life information systems that are subject to changing situations and therefore changing requirements. This has not been achieved previously and has seen a gap open up between information systems and information technology. it is recognised that information technology solutions can adapt to changing situations and subsequently changing requirements, however, this has not been possible for information systems thinking. This represents itself in the real world through information systems being used that no longer meet their original objectives and can provide a significant blockage to achieving effective work

Teaching Children and Computers: Computational Models of Cognition and Behaviour in Literature and Culture, 1830 to the Present

This thesis explores an intellectual tradition that represents cognitive-behavioural flexibility in terms of a flexible arrangement of inflexible units. It aims to show that during the period 1830 to the present, the influence of models derived from computing technology resulted in this tradition attaining a specific expression. This thesis offers an explanation of how the mechanical computers designed by the British polymath Charles Babbage (1791-1871) enabled this computational model of cognition and behaviour to emerge in the mid-nineteenth century. A primary purpose of this thesis is to highlight and explore representations of this model in nineteenth-century literature and culture, focusing upon its significance for the portrayal of pedagogical methodologies in this era. This thesis gives particular consideration to depictions of this model in the fiction of George Eliot (1819-1880), with the aim of revealing how this computational model was freighted with cultural meaning. This thesis seeks to make an intervention in nineteenth-century studies by tracing the role of Babbage and Eliot in shaping the literary and sociocultural representation of computing technology. This thesis also argues that a comparable model characterises twentieth- and twenty-first-century attachment theory as a result of twentieth-century computers similar to those invented by Babbage. It is the intention of this thesis to situate the models of mental processing studied as corresponding instances of an intellectual tradition. I hope to show that attending to the representation of this computational model in Eliot’s fiction can allow us to reflect upon the cultural implications of this model in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, especially as regards pedagogical methodologies. This thesis seeks to illustrate that these correspondences can provide a historical and critical framework for applying attachment theory to nineteenth-century texts

Runtime monitoring of service based systems

With the growing popularity of web services the demand of highly reliable service based systems (SBS) is increasing. Formal verification and testing are performed to ensure the correctness of a system before it is deployed in a real environment. But the high complexity of complete fielded systems puts their effectiveness into questions. Runtime monitoring is the potential technique to cover the area not covered by formal verification and testing. This technique aims to assure the correctness of the current execution of a system. Substantial amount of research has been carried out in runtime monitoring to ensure the reliability of autonomous legacy software. However in service based system some significant complications arises as they focus on systems with no autonomous components, that make the approaches applied to monitor legacy software inadequate for service based system. In this thesis we present a framework for runtime monitoring of service based systems. We establish the necessity of introducing new types of inconsistencies beyond the classical inconsistencies that may occur during the execution of service based systems and develop reasoning mechanism to detect them at run time. In the proposed framework, the properties to be monitored include: (i) behavioural properties of the co-ordination process of the service based system, (ii) functional properties that express functional requirements for the individual services of a service based system or groups of such services, (ii) assumptions regarding the behaviour of the service based system and its constituent services and their effects on the state of the system and (iii) Quality-of- Service (QOS) properties for the service based systems and its constituent services. All types of properties are expressed in a property specification language which is based on event- calculus [Sha99]. The behavioural properties to be monitored at run-time are extracted automatically from the specification of the co-ordination process of a service-based system in BPEL [Bpe03] while the other types of properties to be monitored must be specified by the providers of the system. These properties must be specified in terms of: (i) events that can be observed at run-time and correspond to either operation invocation and response messages or the assignment of values to global variables used by the co-ordination process of the system, and (ii) conditions over the state of the co-ordination process of the system and/or the individual services deployed by it. These restrictions ensure that property monitoring can be based solely on events which are generated by virtue of the normal operation of the system without the need for instrumenting the individual services deployed by it. The property specification language that is used by this framework is a first-order logic language that incorporates special predicates to signify assertions about time and, to this end, it provides a very expressive framework for specifying properties of service based system, which may include temporal characteristics. At run-time, the framework deploys an event receiver that catches events which are exchanged by the different services and the co-ordination process of the system and stores them in an event database. This database is accessed by a monitor that can detect different types of violations of properties. These types are: (i) violations of functional properties and quality-of-service properties by the recorded behaviour of the service based system, (ii) violations and potential violations of behavioural properties, functional properties and quality- of-service properties by the expected system behaviour, and (iii) unjustified and potentially unjustified actions which the system has taken by wrongly assuming that certain pre-conditions associated with the undertaken actions were satisfied at run-time. The detection of these types of violations is fully automatic and is based on an algorithm that has been developed as a variant of algorithms for integrity constraint checking in temporal deductive databases [Ple93, Cho95]. We have implemented a prototype of the proposed monitoring framework and showed the effectiveness of the monitoring prototype through several case studies