Comparative analysis of waste reduction methods for sustainable manufacturing systems using concurrent triangulation model

The aim of this study is to carry out a comparative analysis of waste reduction methods for sustainable manufacturing systems using Cronbach alpha and concurrent triangulation model. The objective of this research is to establish an ideal sustainable manufacturing waste disposal method. Reliability test results showed that the Cronbach alpha values used to measure the internal consistency of responses recorded for recycling, reuse, reduce, remanufacture and landfilling were 0.8160 , 0.8100 , 0.7760 , 0.7550 and 0.7340 respectively with recycling recording the highest internal consistency. The concurrent triangulation model recorded results showed that recycling recorded a total of 184 respondents at the highest percentage of 51.11 %, reuse recorded a total of 58 respondents with 16.13 %, remanufacture recorded 43 respondents at 11.94%, reduce recorded a total of 38 respondents at 10.55 %, and Landfilling had 37 respondents with 10.27 %. Hence Recycling was selected as the most appropriate method. Keywords: Concurrent Triangulation model, cronbach alpha, Recycling, Reuse, Remanufacturing, Sustainable manufacturing system

Support needs of ASD families in the Manawatu DHB catchment area : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey University, Manawatū, New Zealand

Figure 1 Te Whare Tapa Whā removed for copyright reasons but may be accessed via https://www.maorimenshealth.co.nz/te-whare-tapa-wha-health-whare/Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is becoming increasingly understood as being both widely heterogeneous and complex for the individual on the spectrum. Similarly, families are also highly variable and complex; they are arguably the most important support unit a child with ASD has, with their own resources, constraints, values and beliefs. Service individualisation, which accounts for such variances within the individual, and the collective, is broadly seen as critical for service delivery success. To date, little research has gauged the extent of ASD service individualisation abroad, and an understanding of how this is done in Aotearoa New Zealand is absent. The intent of this research was to investigate whether or not existing services and supports target the uniqueness of both the individual with ASD, and their families to enable them to participate in society. In particular, a key focus was if services are appropriate, accessible and sufficient. To accomplish the intent of the research a concurrent triangulation mixed-methods design was utilised. Both quantitative and qualitative data was gathered from caregivers of autistic children – firstly, through an online survey featuring several lifespan themes, and subsequently, qualitative data was collected through caregiver interviews carried out with participants recruited from the MidCentral and Nelson Marlborough District Health Board (DHB) areas. Analyses of the prioritised qualitative data indicated that a variety of service delivery factors prevented families with autistic children from optimal functioning, and participating in society. Furthermore, systemic issues were theorised to be the underlying causes of several of the difficulties faced by autistic children, and their families. The importance of individualised care packages that meet the needs of the families spoken to was emphasised, and the 'wicked problem' (Stace, 2011) of services that are appropriate, accessible and adequate remains ongoing. Recommendations for meeting the needs of individuals with ASD and their families are discussed

Comprehensive Assessment of Sanitary Landfills in Edo State of Nigeria for Waste Management and Pollution Control

The aim of this study is to comprehensively assess the need for Sanitary landfills in Edo state for management of waste, control of pollution for  sustainable manufacturing system using concurrent triangulation design. The concurrent triangulation design is in two phases, Phase 1 using  quantitative analysis, descriptive statistics while phase 2 used the qualitative analysis using thematic selection. Final results collected from the  merger of results from phase 1 and phase 2 showed the Regression analysis results had a T-test value of -0.4615 at P value significant of 0.000 obtained for Sanitary landfill in the model and was less than 5% level of significance indicating that there is a significant relationship between Sanitary landfilling and pollution control. The Durbin Watson result of 1.955 showed that the model is reliable with absence of serial auto correlation. A coefficient of - 0.346 showed that 1% increase in sanitary landfilling activities results in 34.6% decrease in environmental pollution. Hence Sanitary landfilling for waste management has proved to sustain manufacturing system, control environmental pollution and reduce waste. Keywords: Sanitary landfilling, waste management, pollution control, sustainable manufacturing system

Exploring the Pathways of Females who Achieved the Highest Administrative Positions in Education

There has been an historically ongoing problem of the underrepresentation of females in the highest administrative positions in education in the United States of America and globally. The participants of this research study included a small mixed-race sample of 37 female university and college presidents and superintendents of school districts across the state. The study utilized a mixed-methods concurrent triangulation design. Based on an extensive literature review, a questionnaire was developed and sent to female presidents and superintendents in a Midwestern state that assessed their perceptions of the role played by factors identified in the current literature as having contributed or challenged the pathway to their current positions. The possible solutions to the underrepresentation of women in the topmost educational administrative positions were also explored. Concurrently, female university and college presidents were invited to participate in a 60 minute in-person interview in order to explore these issues more deeply. Nine presidents agreed to participate in the in-person interviews. Findings indicated that the qualitative data aligned with the quantitative data in general terms. Future general recommendations for practice included similar studies conducted in other regional areas of the United States, and possibly abroad. This research could provide implications for institutions of higher education for insights into the underrepresentation of women in presidency roles, and potential benefits of impacting educational institutions and systems. Recommendations for females are provided in this study which included learning from the pathways of presidents and exploring possible solutions to the underrepresentation of women in these positions

The Potential Role of Mother-in-Law in Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV: A Mixed Methods Study from the Kilimanjaro Region, Northern Tanzania.

In the Kilimanjaro region the mother-in-law has traditionally had an important role in matters related to reproduction and childcare. The aim of this study was to explore the role of the mothers-in-law in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) service utilization and adherence to infant feeding guidelines. The study was conducted during 2007-2008 in rural and urban areas of Moshi district in the Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania. Mixed methods were used and included focus group discussions with mothers-in-law, mothers and fathers; in-depth interviews with mothers-in-law, mothers, fathers and HIV-infected mothers, and a survey of 446 mothers bringing their four-week-old infants for immunisation at five reproductive and child health clinics. The study demonstrated that the mother-in-law saw herself as responsible for family health issues in general and child care in particular. However she received limited trust, and couples, in particular couples living in urban areas, tended to exclude her from decisions related to childbearing and infant feeding. Mothers-in-law expected their daughters-in-law to breastfeed in a customary manner and were generally negative towards the infant feeding methods recommended for HIV-infected mothers; exclusive replacement feeding and exclusive breastfeeding. Decreasing influence of the mother-in-law and increasing prominence of the conjugal couples in issues related to reproduction and child care, reinforce the importance of continued efforts to include male partners in the PMTCT programme. The potential for involving mothers-in-law in the infant feeding component, where she still has influence in some areas, should be further explored

Epigenetic Changes and Health Disparities: An Evaluation Plan for Mamatoto Village Programming

In the United States, Black birthing parents experience high infant and maternal mortality rates. Infants born to Black birthing parents are more likely to be born preterm or at a low birthweight and have poorer health outcomes when compared to their counterparts. Organizations like Mamatoto Village and its programs and services work to address and prevent epigenetic changes which are a significant contributor to the maternal and child health disparities common among Black birthing parents. The evaluation plan provides guidance for the monitoring and evaluation of the Mamatoto Village programs. The plan includes recommendations for collecting data utilizing mixed methods non-experimental concurrent triangulation design, pre- and post-test, and qualitative interviews. If implemented, the results of the evaluation could highlight the impact of Mamatoto Village on maternal and child health outcomes in the District of Columbia’s Prince George’s County and influence the expansion of programming for birthing parents across the United States

The Optimization Management of Combination Research Methods in Improving the Quality of Writing Research Reports

Management in writing research reports is a crucial activity for a researcher who wants to publish his research results. The research method is a method used to get results and discussion of research. In this study, the research method was used to explain the characteristics of quantitative, combination and qualitative methods with as many as 12 (twelve) points, and literature studies on the definition of 4 (four). The core of this study discusses management of the philosophical foundation of combination research, the characteristics of quantitative, qualitative and combination methods. Then discussed also the definition of combination methods, the nature of the combination method, variations of combination methods, combination research methods models: combination model or sequential explanatory design, combination model or sequential exploratory design, combination model or concurrent triangulation design and model combination method or concurrent embedded design. By doing this research, it is hoped that it can add insight to the authors of research reports regarding the management of combination research methods.Management in writing research reports is a crucial activity for a researcher who wants to publish his research results. The research method is a method used to get results and discussion of research. In this study, the research method was used to explain the characteristics of quantitative, combination and qualitative methods with as many as 12 (twelve) points, and literature studies on the definition of 4 (four). The core of this study discusses management of the philosophical foundation of combination research, the characteristics of quantitative, qualitative and combination methods. Then discussed also the definition of combination methods, the nature of the combination method, variations of combination methods, combination research methods models: combination model or sequential explanatory design, combination model or sequential exploratory design, combination model or concurrent triangulation design and model combination method or concurrent embedded design. By doing this research, it is hoped that it can add insight to the authors of research reports regarding the management of combination research methods

Enhancing household soybean processing and utilization in the Eastern Province of Zambia, a concurrent triangulation study design.

The purpose of this study was to establish best ways of improving household soybean processing and utilization in selected districts in the Eastern Province of Zambia. This was a concurrent triangulation study design, nested with a cross sectional survey and barrier analysis. Up to 1,237 households and 42 key informants participated in the quantitative and qualitative studies respectively. Quantitative data was analysed using Stata MP 15 software (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA). NVIVO QSR10 software (QSRInt, Melbourne Australia) was used to organize qualitative data which was later analysed thematically. In this study whole soybean processing and utilization in eastern province was at 48%. However, accessibility to soybean for household consumption throughout the year was negligible (0.29%). Based on the food systems an interplay of factors influenced soybean processing and utilization. In the food environment, a ready-made Textured Soya Protein mainly imported [1,030/1237(83%)] and a milled whole soybean-maize blend AOR 816.37; 95%CI 110.83 to 6013.31 were preferred. Reports of labour intensity, hard to cook properties, coarse milling and beany flavour with associated anti-nutrients negatively influenced whole soybean utilization. In the enabling environment, soybean production AOR 4.47; 95%CI 2.82 to 7.08 increased the chances of utilization. Lack of inputs, poor access to affordable credit and lack of ingredients were deleterious to utilization. Low coverage of existing projects and poor access to technologies were other adverse factors. Among the Socioeconomic factors, a higher social hierarchy shown by owning a bed AOR 1.75; 95%CI 1.22 to 2.49, belonging to the Chewa community AOR 1.16; 95%CI 1.08 to 0 1.25, gender of household head particularly male AOR 1.94; 95%CI 1.21 to 3.13, off farm income and livestock ownership were supportive to soybean utilization. Unfavourable factors were; belonging to any of the districts under study AOR 0.76; 95%CI 0.58 to 0.98, lack of knowledge (55.65%), low involvement of the male folks AOR 0.47; 95%CI 0.30 to 0.73 and belonging to a female headed household AOR 1.94; 95%CI 1.21 to 3.13. Age, time and household size constraints as well as unreliable soybean output markets, lack of land, poor soils in some wards and poor soybean value chain governance were other negative factors. Immediately in the food environment there is need to boost milling of whole soybean while strengthening cooking demonstrations, correct processing, incorporation of soybean in the local dishes and conducting acceptability tests. In the enabling environment, there should be access to inputs, affordable credit facilities and subsidized mineral fertilisers. Post-harvest storage, collective action with full scale community involvement and ownership should be heightened. Socioeconomic approaches should target promotion of soybean processing and utilization among all ethnic groups, participation of male folks and female headed households as well as advocating for increased nutrition sensitive social protection. In the medium or long term, capacity building, market development, import substitution agreements, creation of new products, development of cottage industries, information exchange and inter district trade as well as more public-private partnerships and more local private sector players should be bolstered. Lastly farm diversification should be supported