Network tomography application in mobile ad-hoc networks.

The memorability of mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is the precondition of its management, performance optimization and network resources re-allocations. The traditional network interior measurement technique performs measurement on the nodes or links directly, and obtains the node or link performance through analyzing the measurement sample, which usually is used in the wired networks measurement based on the solid infrastructure. However, MANET is an infrastructure-free, multihop, and self-organized temporary network, comprised of a group of mobile nodes with wireless communication devices. Not only does its topology structure vary with time, but also the communication protocol used in its network layer or data link layer is diverse and non-standard. Specially, with the limitation of node energy and wireless bandwidth, the traditional interior network measurement technique is not suited for the measurement requirement of MANET. In order to solve the problem of interior links performance (such as packet loss rate and delay) measurement in MANET, this dissertation has adopted an external measurement based on network tomography (NT). Being a new measurement technology, NT collects the sample of path performance based on end-to-end measurement to infer the probability distribution of the network logical links performance parameters by using mathematical statistics theory, which neither need any cooperation from internal network, nor dependence from communication protocols, and has the merit of being deployed exibly. Thus from our literature review it can be concluded that Network Tomography technique is adaptable for ad-hoc network measurement. We have the following contribution in the eld of ad-hoc network performance: PLE Algorithm: We developed the PLE algorithm based on EM model, which statistically infer the link performance. Stitching Algorithm: Stitching algorithm is based on the isomorphic properties of a directed graph. The proposed algorithm concatenates the links, which are common over various steady state period and carry forward the ones, which are not. Hence in the process it gives the network performance analysis of the entire network over the observation period. EM routing: EM routing is based on the statistical inference calculated by our PLE algorithm. EM routing provides multiple performance metric such as link delay and hops of all the possible path in various time period in a wireless mesh network

Towards a microscopic traffic simulation framework to assess vehicle-to-vehicle networks

This paper presents the specification of a framework based on the concept of service-oriented architectures (SOA) to support the assessment of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET). A preliminary study of concepts related to SOA was carried out, as well as of those technologies that allow real-time data acquisition and dissemination within urban environments, and simulation tools to aid the simulation of the VANET. The requirements for our simulation framework were identified and a two-layered architecture was specified, which rely on the abstraction levels of services for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. A prototypical application was implemented, which was used to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach presented through experimental results

Robotic Wireless Sensor Networks

In this chapter, we present a literature survey of an emerging, cutting-edge, and multi-disciplinary field of research at the intersection of Robotics and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) which we refer to as Robotic Wireless Sensor Networks (RWSN). We define a RWSN as an autonomous networked multi-robot system that aims to achieve certain sensing goals while meeting and maintaining certain communication performance requirements, through cooperative control, learning and adaptation. While both of the component areas, i.e., Robotics and WSN, are very well-known and well-explored, there exist a whole set of new opportunities and research directions at the intersection of these two fields which are relatively or even completely unexplored. One such example would be the use of a set of robotic routers to set up a temporary communication path between a sender and a receiver that uses the controlled mobility to the advantage of packet routing. We find that there exist only a limited number of articles to be directly categorized as RWSN related works whereas there exist a range of articles in the robotics and the WSN literature that are also relevant to this new field of research. To connect the dots, we first identify the core problems and research trends related to RWSN such as connectivity, localization, routing, and robust flow of information. Next, we classify the existing research on RWSN as well as the relevant state-of-the-arts from robotics and WSN community according to the problems and trends identified in the first step. Lastly, we analyze what is missing in the existing literature, and identify topics that require more research attention in the future

Traffic Road Congestion System using by the internet of vehicles (IoV)

Traffic problems have increased in modern life due to a huge number of vehicles, big cities, and ignoring the traffic rules. Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) has improved the traffic system in previous some and plays a vital role in the best traffic control system in big cities. But due to some limitations, it is not enough to control some problems in specific conditions. Now a day invention of new technologies of the Internet of Things (IoT) is used for collaboratively and efficiently performing tasks. This technology was also introduced in the transportation system which makes it an intelligent transportation system (ITS), this is called the Internet of vehicles (IOV). We will elaborate on traffic problems in the traditional system and elaborate on the benefits, enhancements, and reasons to better IOV by Systematic Literature Review (SLR). This technique will be implemented by targeting needed papers through many search phrases. A systematic literature review is used for 121 articles between 2014 and 2023. The IoV technologies and tools are required to create the IoV and resolve some traffic rules through SUMO (simulation of urban mobility) which is used for the design and simulation the road traffic. We have tried to contribute to the best model of the traffic control system. This paper will analysis two vehicular congestion control models in term of select the optimized and efficient model and elaborate on the reasons for efficiency by searching the solution SLR based questions. Due to some efficient features, we have suggested the IOV based on vehicular clouds. These efficient features make this model the best and most effective than the traditional model which is a great reason to enhance the network system.Comment: pages 16, figures

Dynamic wireless mobile framework for distributed collaborative real-time information generation and control systems

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have only recently discovered the exciting possibilities in the nomadic and ubiquitous computing space to build a new generation of information systems by allowing the vehicle to act both as a carrier and consumer of wireless (and thus omnipresent) information. Wide deployment of such ITS systems may eventually allow for more dynamic and efficient transportation systems, which can contribute in several ways towards greater economic growth whilst respecting environmental sustainability. A great number of researchers have dedicated considerable time and resources to tackling traffic related issues by utilising the new wireless capabilities enabled by ITS; such initiatives cover a wide range of applications such as safety, knowledge sharing and infotainment. Indicative of the extent of such efforts is the plethora of research projects initiated by many national and multi-national organisations such as the EU Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development. To achieve their goals, proposed solutions from such organisations depend on the development and deployment of intelligent wireless mobile communication systems, where data dissemination issues make the prospect of efficient and effective communication a challenging proposition. Presently, Car-to-Car and Car-to-Infrastructure communications are two distinct avenues that make possible efficient and reliable delivery of messages via direct radio links in traffic areas. In all cases, high quality of communication performance is desirable for a communication system composed mostly of roaming participants; such a system needs to be dynamic, flexible and infrastructure-less. Consequently, Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET)-based networks are a natural fit to ITS

Distributed Hybrid Simulation of the Internet of Things and Smart Territories

This paper deals with the use of hybrid simulation to build and compose heterogeneous simulation scenarios that can be proficiently exploited to model and represent the Internet of Things (IoT). Hybrid simulation is a methodology that combines multiple modalities of modeling/simulation. Complex scenarios are decomposed into simpler ones, each one being simulated through a specific simulation strategy. All these simulation building blocks are then synchronized and coordinated. This simulation methodology is an ideal one to represent IoT setups, which are usually very demanding, due to the heterogeneity of possible scenarios arising from the massive deployment of an enormous amount of sensors and devices. We present a use case concerned with the distributed simulation of smart territories, a novel view of decentralized geographical spaces that, thanks to the use of IoT, builds ICT services to manage resources in a way that is sustainable and not harmful to the environment. Three different simulation models are combined together, namely, an adaptive agent-based parallel and distributed simulator, an OMNeT++ based discrete event simulator and a script-language simulator based on MATLAB. Results from a performance analysis confirm the viability of using hybrid simulation to model complex IoT scenarios.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1605.0487

Flexible HW-SW design and analysis of an MMT-based MANET system on FPGA

Recently there has been a rapid growth of research interests in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). Their infrastructureless and dynamic nature demands that new strategies be implemented on a robust wireless communication platform in order to provide efficient end-to-end communication. Many routing algorithms have been developed to serve this purpose. This thesis investigated Multi-Meshed Tree (MMT) algorithm, an integrated solution that combines routing, clustering and medium access control operations based on a common multi-meshed tree concept. It provides the robustness and redundancy inherent in mesh topologies and uses the tree branches to deliver packets. MMT is the first of its kind that enables a single algorithm to form multiple proactive routes within a cluster while supporting reactive routes between different clusters. Recent published research and simulations have shown its favorable features and results. To explore the MMT algorithm\u27s novel feature in real systems against simulation work, this work adopts Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) as the platform for wireless system implementations. Full hardware and various System-on-Chip Hardware-Software designs are developed and studied, providing a design practice that contributes to low-cost system development in the field of MANET by utilizing the evolving FPGA technology. The results show that the MMT-based systems functioned accurately and effectively; in all proposed test scenarios they demonstrated many of the features that a desired MANET routing algorithm should have: high transmission success rate, low latency, scalability, few queued packets and low overhead. The results give valuable insights into the MMT algorithm\u27s performance and facilitate its future improvements

Multimedia delivery in the future internet

The term “Networked Media” implies that all kinds of media including text, image, 3D graphics, audio and video are produced, distributed, shared, managed and consumed on-line through various networks, like the Internet, Fiber, WiFi, WiMAX, GPRS, 3G and so on, in a convergent manner [1]. This white paper is the contribution of the Media Delivery Platform (MDP) cluster and aims to cover the Networked challenges of the Networked Media in the transition to the Future of the Internet. Internet has evolved and changed the way we work and live. End users of the Internet have been confronted with a bewildering range of media, services and applications and of technological innovations concerning media formats, wireless networks, terminal types and capabilities. And there is little evidence that the pace of this innovation is slowing. Today, over one billion of users access the Internet on regular basis, more than 100 million users have downloaded at least one (multi)media file and over 47 millions of them do so regularly, searching in more than 160 Exabytes1 of content. In the near future these numbers are expected to exponentially rise. It is expected that the Internet content will be increased by at least a factor of 6, rising to more than 990 Exabytes before 2012, fuelled mainly by the users themselves. Moreover, it is envisaged that in a near- to mid-term future, the Internet will provide the means to share and distribute (new) multimedia content and services with superior quality and striking flexibility, in a trusted and personalized way, improving citizens’ quality of life, working conditions, edutainment and safety. In this evolving environment, new transport protocols, new multimedia encoding schemes, cross-layer inthe network adaptation, machine-to-machine communication (including RFIDs), rich 3D content as well as community networks and the use of peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays are expected to generate new models of interaction and cooperation, and be able to support enhanced perceived quality-of-experience (PQoE) and innovative applications “on the move”, like virtual collaboration environments, personalised services/ media, virtual sport groups, on-line gaming, edutainment. In this context, the interaction with content combined with interactive/multimedia search capabilities across distributed repositories, opportunistic P2P networks and the dynamic adaptation to the characteristics of diverse mobile terminals are expected to contribute towards such a vision. Based on work that has taken place in a number of EC co-funded projects, in Framework Program 6 (FP6) and Framework Program 7 (FP7), a group of experts and technology visionaries have voluntarily contributed in this white paper aiming to describe the status, the state-of-the art, the challenges and the way ahead in the area of Content Aware media delivery platforms

Smart Sensor Technologies for IoT

The recent development in wireless networks and devices has led to novel services that will utilize wireless communication on a new level. Much effort and resources have been dedicated to establishing new communication networks that will support machine-to-machine communication and the Internet of Things (IoT). In these systems, various smart and sensory devices are deployed and connected, enabling large amounts of data to be streamed. Smart services represent new trends in mobile services, i.e., a completely new spectrum of context-aware, personalized, and intelligent services and applications. A variety of existing services utilize information about the position of the user or mobile device. The position of mobile devices is often achieved using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) chips that are integrated into all modern mobile devices (smartphones). However, GNSS is not always a reliable source of position estimates due to multipath propagation and signal blockage. Moreover, integrating GNSS chips into all devices might have a negative impact on the battery life of future IoT applications. Therefore, alternative solutions to position estimation should be investigated and implemented in IoT applications. This Special Issue, “Smart Sensor Technologies for IoT” aims to report on some of the recent research efforts on this increasingly important topic. The twelve accepted papers in this issue cover various aspects of Smart Sensor Technologies for IoT