Geoinformatics in Citizen Science

The book features contributions that report original research in the theoretical, technological, and social aspects of geoinformation methods, as applied to supporting citizen science. Specifically, the book focuses on the technological aspects of the field and their application toward the recruitment of volunteers and the collection, management, and analysis of geotagged information to support volunteer involvement in scientific projects. Internationally renowned research groups share research in three areas: First, the key methods of geoinformatics within citizen science initiatives to support scientists in discovering new knowledge in specific application domains or in performing relevant activities, such as reliable geodata filtering, management, analysis, synthesis, sharing, and visualization; second, the critical aspects of citizen science initiatives that call for emerging or novel approaches of geoinformatics to acquire and handle geoinformation; and third, novel geoinformatics research that could serve in support of citizen science

Value, satisfaction and loyalty in volunteerism. Application to a religious megaevent

This paper presents a study of the volunteer as an essential agent in the success of any event, and offers recommendations for improving management of megaevents. To achieve this goal we propose a structural model that analyses the multidimensionality of the value concept as antecedent of perceived value, satisfaction and loyalty. The study sample consists of volunteers who participated in the World Youth Day held in Madrid in 2011,obtaining a total number of 1427 cases. The results support all the hypotheses presented in the proposed model. Thus, it confirms that the multidimensionality of the value (spirituality, social value, play and efficiency) is an antecedent of perceived value while confirming the perceived value-satisfaction-loyalty chain. The most important background is play which shows that volunteering is better understood as entertainment, not as a job

Wellcome Library Transcribing Recipes Project: Final Report

The Wellcome Library, in considering a project to digitise and transcribe recipe manuscripts using crowdsourcing technologies, commissioned this report from Ben Brumfield and Mia Ridge in Summer 2015. The report addresses issues specific to this project, and to the Wellcome Library's digital infrastructure

Prototipo de una aplicación para el voluntariado y el intercambio de recursos

El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer el diseño de una plataforma especializada en monstrar y conectaractividades no remuneradas o no lucrativas. Se propondrá un nuevo servicio que mejore la experiencia de los voluntarios, las organizaciones y de todas las actividades no lucrativas. Para ello se mejorará la comunicación, la organización y la transparencia en este sector. El resultado del proyecto es la propuesta de una nueva red social enfocada al intercambio de favores y recursos. Donde se busca la productividad, la seguridad y un compromiso social

Understanding citizen science and environmental monitoring: final report on behalf of UK Environmental Observation Framework

Citizen science can broadly be defined as the involvement of volunteers in science. Over the past decade there has been a rapid increase in the number of citizen science initiatives. The breadth of environmental-based citizen science is immense. Citizen scientists have surveyed for and monitored a broad range of taxa, and also contributed data on weather and habitats reflecting an increase in engagement with a diverse range of observational science. Citizen science has taken many varied approaches from citizen-led (co-created) projects with local community groups to, more commonly, scientist-led mass participation initiatives that are open to all sectors of society. Citizen science provides an indispensable means of combining environmental research with environmental education and wildlife recording. Here we provide a synthesis of extant citizen science projects using a novel cross-cutting approach to objectively assess understanding of citizen science and environmental monitoring including: 1. Brief overview of knowledge on the motivations of volunteers. 2. Semi-systematic review of environmental citizen science projects in order to understand the variety of extant citizen science projects. 3. Collation of detailed case studies on a selection of projects to complement the semi-systematic review. 4. Structured interviews with users of citizen science and environmental monitoring data focussing on policy, in order to more fully understand how citizen science can fit into policy needs. 5. Review of technology in citizen science and an exploration of future opportunities

Identifying Knowledge Flow to Develop a Strategic Plan

Nonprofit organizations must self-assess their programming and partnerships in order to function effectively. This project assessed the programming and partnerships of the Port Phillip EcoCentre. Our program analysis determined that the EcoCentres programming should focus on: participant survey consistency, obtain feedback data on multi-session programs, engage more through hands-on learning, and maintain their current quality of programming. We created knowledge flow maps to evaluate the flow of knowledge between the EcoCentre and its stakeholders, and a stakeholder diagram to evaluate the stakeholders level of significance. We concluded that the PPEC should focus their effort on their most connected stakeholders, and those relationships that can produce systemic change

Incentive-Centered Design for User-Contributed Content

We review incentive-centered design for user-contributed content (UCC) on the Internet. UCC systems, produced (in part) through voluntary contributions made by non-employees, face fundamental incentives problems. In particular, to succeed, users need to be motivated to contribute in the first place ("getting stuff in"). Further, given heterogeneity in content quality and variety, the degree of success will depend on incentives to contribute a desirable mix of quality and variety ("getting \emph{good} stuff in"). Third, because UCC systems generally function as open-access publishing platforms, there is a need to prevent or reduce the amount of negative value (polluting or manipulating) content. The work to date on incentives problems facing UCC is limited and uneven in coverage. Much of the empirical research concerns specific settings and does not provide readily generalizable results. And, although there are well-developed theoretical literatures on, for example, the private provision of public goods (the "getting stuff in" problem), this literature is only applicable to UCC in a limited way because it focuses on contributions of (homogeneous) money, and thus does not address the many problems associated with heterogeneous information content contributions (the "getting \emph{good} stuff in" problem). We believe that our review of the literature has identified more open questions for research than it has pointed to known results.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/100229/1/icd4ucc.pdf7

Mechanomyographic Parameter Extraction Methods: An Appraisal for Clinical Applications

The research conducted in the last three decades has collectively demonstrated that the skeletal muscle performance can be alternatively assessed by mechanomyographic signal (MMG) parameters. Indices of muscle performance, not limited to force, power, work, endurance and the related physiological processes underlying muscle activities during contraction have been evaluated in the light of the signal features. As a non-stationary signal that reflects several distinctive patterns of muscle actions, the illustrations obtained from the literature support the reliability of MMG in the analysis of muscles under voluntary and stimulus evoked contractions. An appraisal of the standard practice including the measurement theories of the methods used to extract parameters of the signal is vital to the application of the signal during experimental and clinical practices, especially in areas where electromyograms are contraindicated or have limited application. As we highlight the underpinning technical guidelines and domains where each method is well-suited, the limitations of the methods are also presented to position the state of the art in MMG parameters extraction, thus providing the theoretical framework for improvement on the current practices to widen the opportunity for new insights and discoveries. Since the signal modality has not been widely deployed due partly to the limited information extractable from the signals when compared with other classical techniques used to assess muscle performance, this survey is particularly relevant to the projected future of MMG applications in the realm of musculoskeletal assessments and in the real time detection of muscle activity

A Guide to the collection of occupational data for health : tips for health IT system developers

"Occupational Data for Health (ODH) is a framework for self-reported, structured, and standardized patient work information. It is broadly applicable in healthcare as part of the medical record; it is suitable for many use cases supporting patient care, population health, and public health. This document is intended to assist health IT system developers who are implementing collection of ODH in a system such as an electronic health record." - NIOSHTIC-2This guide was produced as part of a project to demonstrate the collection of Occupational Data for Health (ODH), a set of core data elements about a patient\u2019s work. It is based on work done by subject matter experts at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and through contracts with Attain, LLC and Professional Staffing Partners.NIOSHTIC no. 20063844Suggested citation: NIOSH [2021]. A guide to the collection of occupational data for health (ODH). By Wallace B, Luensman GB, Storey E, Brewer L. Morgantown, WV: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2022-101, https://doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHPUB202210120211052