The Future Role of Strategic Landpower

Recent Russian aggression in Ukraine has reenergized military strategists and senior leaders to evaluate the role of strategic Landpower. American leadership in the European theater has mobilized allies and partners to reconsider force postures for responding to possible aggression against NATO members. Although Russian revisionist activity remains a threat in Europe, the challenges in the Pacific for strategic Landpower must also be considered. At the same time, the homeland, the Arctic, climate change, and the results of new and emerging technology also challenge the application of strategic Landpower. This publication serves as part of an enduring effort to evaluate strategic Landpower’s role, authorities, and resources for accomplishing the national strategic goals the Joint Force may face in the next conflict. This study considers multinational partners, allies, and senior leaders that can contribute to overcoming these enduring challenges. The insights derived from this study, which can be applied to both the European and Indo-Pacific theaters, should help leaders to consider these challenges, which may last a generation. Deterrence demands credible strategic response options integrated across warfighting functions. This valuable edition will continue the dialogue about addressing these issues as well as other emerging ones.https://press.armywarcollege.edu/monographs/1959/thumbnail.jp

Pairing a Circular Economy and the 5G-Enabled Internet of Things: Creating a Class of “Looping Smart Assets”

The increase in the world’s population has led to a massive rise in human consumption of the planet’s natural resources, well beyond their replacement rate. Traditional recycling concepts and methods are not enough to counter such effects. In this context, a circular economy (CE), that is, a restorative and regenerative by-design economy, can reform today’s “take–make–dispose” economic model. On the other hand, the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to gradually transform our everyday lives, allowing for the introduction of novel types of services while enhancing legacy ones. Taking this as our motivation, in this article we analyze the CE/IoT interplay, indicating innovative ways in which this interaction can drastically affect products and services, their underlying business models, and the associated ecosystems. Moreover, we present an IoT architecture that enables smart object integration into the IoT ecosystem. The presented architecture integrates circularityenabling features by maximizing the exploitation of assets toward a new type of IoT ecosystem that is circular by design (CbD). Finally, we provide a proof-of-concept implementation and an application study of the proposed architecture and results regarding the applicability of the proposed approach for the telecommunications (telecom) sector

Cyber warfare: threats and opportunities

Relatório apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para o cumprimento do programa de Pós-Doutoramento em Ciências da InformaçãoCybersecurity has gone through several changes that have presented new challenges in recent years, complicated by the rise of cybercrime and digital warfare. With the introduction of militarizing the space domain, it has become apparent that we must consider multidomain concepts. Thus, the threat landscape has again shifted, and defenders must become knowledgeable about how the cyber domain crosses into maritime, land, air, and space. The traditional thinking of protecting enterprise systems locked away in a building is no longer. Thus, we have the emergence of cyber warfare and cyber as a fifth domain that brings together maritime, land, space, and air. These domains are not just for the military but the civilian sector as well. Understanding the role of cyber and how it can be used to take advantage or secure the remaining domains will give entities the upper hand in strategy. The technological advancements that pave the way to the mass implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet connectivity to everyday devices have led to an explosion in cyberattacks such as breaches resulting in millions of accounts being compromised. (Dawson, Eltayeb, & Omar, 2016). Bad actors such as those focused on criminal activities regarding human trafficking and espionage navigate these domains to circumvent law enforcement agencies globally. We must understand how exploitation, circumvention, and defense needs to occur in a multidomain concept. However, knowing that the cyber domain is a domain that goes through land, maritime, space, and air can be an area that serves as a central point for realizing assured security. Executive Orders (EO), laws, policies, doctrine, and other directives have shaped the landscape of cybersecurity. New EOs have been released that allow a cyber-attack with responsive measures such as one that involves military force. Laws created that impose rights for Personal Identifiable Information (PII) being breached, leaving millions of individuals unprotected. One of these most well-known items is General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) as it relates to the European Union (EU) and the evolving threats with hyperconnectivity (Martínez, 2019a; Martínez, 2019b). Understanding the role of cybercrime and digital warfare and how they continue to play in shaping the technological landscape is critical. These various actions change the spectrum regarding combating nefarious actors or design errors that leave the system susceptible. As attacks continue to rise from bad actors such as nation-states, terrorists, and other entities, it is essential to understand the threat landscape and select cybersecurity methodologies that can be put in place to provide adequate measures. This document presents the work form a post-doctoral project that provides a perspective of cybersecurity under a information science perspective. This six-month project allows to stress the broadly importance that information and its management (not just within the information security context), and the urgent need to deal with cybersecurity as a societal challenge. The document is organized in four main chapters presenting different but complementary issues, going from high level to a more operational level: National Cybersecurity Education: Bridging Defense to Offense, stressing the importance of societal awareness and education. Emerging Technologies in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, stressing the importance to consider cybersecurity issues as core ones, even to economic and production areas. Nefarious Activities within the Deep Layers of the Internet, stressing the need to be part of digital places where information is traded, shared and, even sometimes, created. The fourth chapter provide a few hints and issues related with software development and test: Software Security Considerations. A final session presents several remarks as Final Thoughts, closing the work pointing out some of the current challenges that we are facing of.N/

Orchestration from the cloud to the edge

The effective management of complex and heterogeneous computing environments is one of the biggest challenges that service and infrastructure providers are facing in the Cloud-to-Thing continuum era. Advanced orchestration systems are required to support the resource management of large-scale cloud data centres integrated into big data generation of IoT devices. The orchestration system should be aware of all available resources and their current status in order to perform dynamic allocations and enable short time deployment of applications. This chapter will review the state of the art with regards to orchestration along the Cloud-to-Thing continuum with a specific emphasis on container-based orchestration (e.g. Docker Swarm and Kubernetes) and fog-specific orchestration architectures (e.g. SORTS, SOAFI, ETSI IGS MEC, and CONCERT)

Data Quality Optimization for Decision Making Using Ataccama Toolkit: A Sustainable Perspective

The world of internet has given us the access to explore the different domains of datasets and its usage. We have lots of heterogeneous data available on the digital platform which is meaningless unless we do not make the valuable use of it. What if we say that we can use these datasets in our need for the business requirements? The critical data can be delivered evenly and shared through master data management and integration techniques. However, given the cross-domain and heterogeneous nature of the data, it is still difficult to assess effectiveness and rationality. In this paper we have developed a pipeline using Ataccama and implemented the way of how we can yield the data, synthesize and optimize it using integration and Master data management (MDM) tools. These tools were assessed based on the performance characteristics and types of data quality problems addressed. We have tried to simplify the complexity and used various dictionaries and lookup along with the ruleset to fetch the required data from the dataset via the MDM application. Profiling the dataset and its validation based on different parameters. In results, it is found that the efficiency and the quality of data has been improved and optimized after using the integration techniques

A SEMANTIC BASED POLICY MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENTS

Cloud computing paradigm has gained tremendous momentum and generated intensive interest. Although security issues are delaying its fast adoption, cloud computing is an unstoppable force and we need to provide security mechanisms to ensure its secure adoption. In this dissertation, we mainly focus on issues related to policy management and access control in the cloud. Currently, users have to use diverse access control mechanisms to protect their data when stored on the cloud service providers (CSPs). Access control policies may be specified in different policy languages and heterogeneity of access policies pose significant problems.An ideal policy management system should be able to work with all data regardless of where they are stored. Semantic Web technologies when used for policy management, can help address the crucial issues of interoperability of heterogeneous CSPs. In this dissertation, we propose a semantic based policy management framework for cloud computing environments which consists of two main components, namely policy management and specification component and policy evolution component. In the policy management and specification component, we first introduce policy management as a service (PMaaS), a cloud based policy management framework that give cloud users a unified control point for specifying authorization policies, regardless of where the data is stored. Then, we present semantic based policy management framework which enables users to specify access control policies using semantic web technologies and helps address heterogeneity issues of cloud computing environments. We also model temporal constraints and restrictions in GTRBAC using OWL and show how ontologies can be used to specify temporal constraints. We present a proof of concept implementation of the proposed framework and provide some performance evaluation. In the policy evolution component, we propose to use role mining techniques to deal with policy evolution issues and present StateMiner, a heuristic algorithm to find an RBAC state as close as possible to both the deployed RBAC state and the optimal state. We also implement the proposed algorithm and perform some experiments to demonstrate its effectiveness