Divorce and the multidimensionality of men and women's mental health: the role of social-relational and socio-economic conditions

Research consistently reveals that the divorced generally face more mental health problems than the married. Less attention however has been paid to positive mental health indicators. Insight in these however may help policy makers and care providers to see both the broader picture and stimulate active coping. Using data from the European Social Survey (2006–2007), differences in both feelings of depression, and in feelings of self-esteem, autonomy, and competence between the married (N = 14,072) and divorced (N = 4,304) are estimated for women and men separately. Drawing on stress and coping theories, we map how specific social-relational and socio-economic conditions relate. Analyses reveal that divorce is related not only to more feelings of depression, but also to lower levels of self-esteem and competence. Difference scores in mental health based on marital status are also found to differ significantly between men and women for competence, with the difference being more pronounced in men. Additionally, social-relational and socio-economic conditions explain much of the gap in depression scores – and to a lesser extent, in self-esteem and competence scores – between the married and divorced. Finally, some interesting gender differences were found in how social-relational and socio-economic conditions relate to mental health when divorced, with women especially seeming to benefit from advantageous socio-economic conditions

Proceeding: 3rd Java International Nursing Conference 2015 “Harmony of Caring and Healing Inquiry for Holistic Nursing Practice; Enhancing Quality of Care”, Semarang, 20-21 August 2015

This is the proceeding of the 3rd Java International Nursing Conference 2015 organized by School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, in collaboration with STIKES Kendal. The conference was held on 20-21 August 2015 in Semarang, Indonesia. The conference aims to enable educators, students, practitioners and researchers from nursing, medicine, midwifery and other health sciences to disseminate and discuss evidence of nursing education, research, and practices to improve the quality of care. This conference also provides participants opportunities to develop their professional networks, learn from other colleagues and meet leading personalities in nursing and health sciences. The 3rd JINC 2015 was comprised of keynote lectures and concurrent submitted oral presentations and poster sessions. The following themes have been chosen to be the focus of the conference: (a) Multicenter Science: Physiology, Biology, Chemistry, etc. in Holistic Nursing Practice, (b) Complementary Therapy in Nursing and Complementary, Alternative Medicine: Alternative Medicine (Herbal Medicine), Complementary Therapy (Cupping, Acupuncture, Yoga, Aromatherapy, Music Therapy, etc.), (c) Application of Inter-professional Collaboration and Education: Education Development in Holistic Nursing, Competencies of Holistic Nursing, Learning Methods and Assessments, and (d) Application of Holistic Nursing: Leadership & Management, Entrepreneurship in Holistic Nursing, Application of Holistic Nursing in Clinical and Community Settings

Physics Performance Report for PANDA Strong Interaction Studies with Antiprotons

To study fundamental questions of hadron and nuclear physics in interactions of antiprotons with nucleons and nuclei, the universal PANDA detector will be build. Gluonic excitations, the physics of strange and charm quarks and nucleon structure studies will be performed with unprecedented accuracy thereby allowing high-precision tests of the strong interaction. The proposed PANDA detector is a state-of-the-art internal target detector at the HESR at FAIR allowing the detection and identifcation of neutral and charged particles generated within the relevant angular and energy range. This report presents a summary of the physics accessible at PANDA and what performance can be expected

Trends in technology, trade and consumption likely to impact on microbial food safety

Current and potential future trends in technology, consumption and trade of food that may impact on food-borne disease are analysed and the key driving factors identified focusing on the European Union and, to a lesser extent, accounting for the United States and global issues. Understanding of factors is developed using system-based methods and their impact is discussed in relation to current events and predictions of future trends. These factors come from a wide range of spheres relevant to food and include political, economic, social, technological, regulatory and environmental drivers. The degree of certainty in assessing the impact of important driving factors is considered in relation to food-borne disease. The most important factors driving an increase in the burden of food-borne disease in the next few decades were found to be the anticipated doubling of the global demand for food and of the international trade in food next to a significantly increased consumption of certain high-value food commodities such as meat and poultry and fresh produce. A less important factor potentially increasing the food-borne disease burden would be the increased demand for convenience foods. Factors that may contribute to a reduction in the food-borne disease burden were identified as the ability of governments around the world to take effective regulatory measures as well as the development and use of new food safety technologies and detection methods. The most important factor in reducing the burden of food-borne disease was identified as our ability to first detect and investigate a food safety issue and then to develop effective control measures. Given the global scale of impact on food safety that current and potentially future trends have, either by potentially increasing or decreasing the food-borne disease burden, it is concluded that a key role is fulfilled by intergovernmental organisations and by international standard setting bodies in coordinating the establishment and rolling-out of effective measures that, on balance, help ensure long-term consumer protection and fair international trade. Keywords: Microbial food safety; Food technology; Globalizatio

Global Overview of Drug Demand and Supply: Latest Trends, Cross-cutting Issues

An estimated quarter of a billion people, or around 5 per cent of the global adult population, used drugs at least once in 2015. Even more worrisome is the fact that about 29.5 million of those drug users, or 0.6 per cent of the global adult population, suffer from drug use disorders. This means that their drug use is harmful to the point that they may experience drug dependence and require treatment.The magnitude of the harm caused by drug use is underlined by the estimated 28 million years of "healthy" life (disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)) lost worldwide in 2015 as a result of premature death and disability caused by drug use.Of those years lost, 17 million were attributable solely to drug use disorders across all drug types. DALYs attributable to morbidity and mortality resulting from all causes of drug use have increased overall in the past decade.Yet, with fewer than one in six persons with drug use disorders provided with treatment each year, the availability of and access to science-based services for the treatment of drug use disorders and related conditions remain limited

The Stained Glass of Knowledge: On Understanding Novice Mental Models of Computing

Learning to program can be a novel experience. The rigidity of programming can be at odds with beginning programmer\u27s existing perceptions, and the concepts can feel entirely unfamiliar. These observations motivated this research, which explores two major questions: What factors influence how novices learn programming? and How can analogy by more appropriately leveraged in programming education? This dissertation investigates the factors influencing novice programming through multiple methods. The CS1 classroom is observed as a whole system , with consideration to the factors present in it that can influence the learning process. Learning\u27s cognitive processes are elaborated to ground exploration into specifically learning programming. This includes extensive literature review spanning multiple disciplines. This allows positioning to guide the investigation. The literature survey also contributes to greater understanding of learning cognition within computing education research through its disciplinary depth. The focus on analogy with the second question is motivated through the factors observed in the first question. Analogy\u27s role in cognition and in education is observed, and the analogical inclinations of technology as a field are showcased. Stigma surrounds the use of analogy in computer science education in spite of these indications. This motivated investigation on how the use of analogy could be better addressed in programming education in order to utilize its value. This research presents a tool for the design of well-formed analogy in programming to answer this question. It also investigates additional forms analogy can take in the classroom setting, proposing relevant cultural forms such as memes can be analogical vehicles that promote learner engagement. This research presents a strong case for the value of analogy use in the CS1 classroom, and provides a tool to facilitate the design of well-formed analogies. In identifying ways to better leverage analogy in the programming classroom, presenting this research will hopefully contribute to dispelling analogy\u27s bad reputation in computing education. By exploring factors that contribute to the learning process in CS1, this research frames education design as experience design. This motivates methods and considerations from user experience design, and investigates aspects of the whole system that can promote or deter a learner\u27s experience. This dissertation presents findings on understanding the learner\u27s experience in the programming classroom, and how analogy can be used to benefit their learning process

Violence in migrants and refugees in Europe: determinants and preventable measures

Introdução A violência sexual e de género (VSG) é um problema global de saúde pública, ao qual refugiados, requerentes de asilo e imigrantes não documentados, estão particularmente vulneráveis. Nos centros de acolhimento Europeus, residentes e profissionais estão predispostos à vitimização e perpetuação de VSG. Objetivos Esta tese tem como objetivo contribuir para melhorar o conhecimento do conceito de VSG, casos reportados, causas, medidas preventivas, e fatores preditivos de vitimização em residentes (refugiados, requerentes de asilo e imigrantes não documentados) e profissionais (prestadores de serviços, e serviços de saúde), em centros de acolhimento Europeus. Métodos Foram utilizados dados recolhidos no âmbito do projeto Europeu "Senperforto", com o objetivo de contribuir para a proteção e promoção da saúde de refugiados, requerentes de asilo e imigrantes não documentados, de forma a prevenir a VSG nos centros de acolhimento. Senperforto incluiu um estudo sobre conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas relativo à VSG, de residentes e profissionais, que vivem e trabalham em centros de acolhimento, em oito países (Bélgica, Grécia, Hungria, Irlanda, Malta, Holanda, Portugal, Espanha). No total foram realizadas 600 entrevistas: 398 a residentes e 202 a profissionais. A análise de dados incluiu uma análise por componentes principais (ACP), testes de associação como o Qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher, e técnicas de machine learning. Resultados O resultado da ACP relativo ao conceito de VSG para o grupo de residentes incluiu 14 dimensões de VSG que representam 83,56% da variância total de dados. No grupo de profissionais resultou em 17 dimensões de VSG correspondendo a 86,92% da variância total de dados. Para ambos, o conceito de VSG diferiu de acordo com o país de acolhimento, sexo, idade e estado civil. Nos residentes, foram encontradas diferenças relacionadas com a duração de residência no país de acolhimento/Europa, e com os tipos de alojamento. Para os profissionais, as diferenças estavam ligadas ao estatuto legal e competências educacionais. Os participantes reportaram 698 casos de VSG (residentes 328, profissionais 370), correspondendo a 1110 atos de vários tipos de violência. As principais causas presumidas foram: frustração e stress (residentes 23,6%, profissionais 37,6%, p0,008) e diferenças relacionadas com aspectos culturais (residentes 19,3%, profissionais 20,3%, p0,884). Os participantes relataram que estes atos de violência poderiam ser evitados melhorando: intervenções preventivas de VSG (residentes 31,5%, profissionais 24,7%, p0,293); condições habitacionais (residentes 21,7%, profissionais 15,3%, p0,232); e comunicação (residentes 16,1%, profissionais 28,2%, p0,042). A maioria dos residentes não tinha conhecimento da existência de medidas preventivas nos centros de acolhimento (58,3%) ou no país deacolhimento (72,4%). As medidas preventivas de VSG propostas pelos participantes incluíram: sensibilização sobre a VSG, melhoria das condições habitacionais e melhoria da comunicação entre residentes e profissionais. Os modelos preditivos de VSG destacaram as condições habitacionais como uma característica importante para prever a vitimização. Assim, instalações sanitárias apropriadas, o tipo de alojamento, o estatuto legal, a idade, o tipo de ocupação e a idade das pessoas com quem as instalações sanitárias são partilhadas, foram variáveis essenciais para prever a vitimização. Ser residente ou profissional provou ter baixa característica preditiva. Conclusão Nos centros de acolhimento Europeus, as estratégias de prevenção primária deverão focalizar-se na harmonização do conceito de VSG, abordando possíveis diferenças relacionadas com características sociodemográficas. Os resultados sugerem que nos centros de acolhimento, tanto os residentes como os profissionais, os homens e as mulheres estão em risco de VSG, reduzindo os estereótipos: masculinos/profissionais - agressores e mulheres/residentes - vítimas. A elevada incidência de VSG apresentada nos nossos resultados sugere que a prevenção secundária deverá incidir numa maior sensibilização para o problema, melhorar as condições habitacionais e de trabalho, melhorar a comunicação, assegurar um procedimento de asilo equitativo e justo, e incluir os residentes e profissionais como participantes ativos no processo de desenvolvimento e implementação destas medidas. Enfatiza-se ainda, a necessidade emergente da criação e implementação de políticas e diretrizes europeias personalizadas que melhorem as condições habitacionais e de trabalho nos centros de acolhimento. Por último, estamos convencidos de que os Estados-Membros poderão beneficiar do desenvolvimento de capacidades e ferramentas para a implementação destas políticas e diretivas.Background Worldwide sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) is a major public health problem. Refugees, asylum-seekers and undocumented migrants (RAUM) are vulnerable to SGBV. In the context of European asylum reception facilities, residents and professionals are exposed to both SGBV victimisation and perpetration. Objectives This thesis aims to contribute to expand the knowledge on SGBV conceptualisation, reported cases and causes of SGBV, preventive measures and predictive factors of SGBV in residents (refugees, AS and undocumented migrants) and professionals (services and health care providers), living and working in EARF. Methods We used data collected in the scope of the European Project “Senperforto”, aiming to contribute to health protection and promotion of young refugees, asylum seekers and undocumented migrants by preventing SGBV in asylum reception facilities. Senperforto included a knowledge, attitudes and practices study, of residents and professionals, living and working in asylum reception facilities, in eight countries (Belgium, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain). In total 600 interviews were conducted: 398 residents and 202 professionals. Data analysis included a principal component analysis (PCA), Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, and machine learning techniques. Results PCA results regarding SGBV knowledge for residents included 14 SGBV dimensions representing 83.56% of the total data variance, while for professionals it resulted in 17 SGBV dimensions representing 86.92% of the total data variance. For both groups, SGBV conceptualisation differed according to the host country, sex, age and marital status. For residents, specific differences related to the time of arrival to host country/Europe, and type of accommodation were found, while for professionals, differences were linked to legal status and education skills. Participants reported 698 cases of SGBV (residents 328, professionals 370), comprising 1110 acts of multiple types of violence. The main assumed causes were frustration and stress (residents 23.6%, professionals 37.6%, p 0.008), and differences related to cultural background (residents 19.3%, professionals 20.3%, p 0.884). Respondents assumed these acts could be prevented by improving: SGBV prevention interventions (residents 31.5%, professionals 24.7%, p 0.293); living conditions (residents 21.7%, professionals 15.3%, p 0.232); and communication (residents 16.1%, professionals 28.2%, p 0.042). The majority of residents were not aware of existent preventable measures in the asylum facility (58.3%) or host country (72.4%). Proposed SGBV preventive measures included: SGBV sensitisation and awareness, improving living conditions and improving communication between residents and professionals.Predictive models highlighted living conditions as an important feature to predict SGBV victimisation. Accordingly, the appropriated sanitary facilities, accommodation types, age of people with whom sanitary facilities are shared, type of occupation, immigration status and age were key variables to predict victimisation. Being a resident or a professional proved to have low predictive characteristic. Conclusion In European asylum reception facilities, primary prevention strategies should focus on harmonising SGBV conceptualisation addressing potential differences linked to sociodemographic characteristics. SGBV seems to be more gender-balanced than what is stereotyped, contributing to demonstrate that both residents and professionals, male and female are at risk of SGBV, reducing the stereotypes male/professionals – perpetrators, and female/residents – victims. As SGBV was highly reported, secondary prevention should focus on sensitisation, enhance living and working conditions, improve communication, gender-balanced and fair asylum procedure, and include residents and professionals as active voices in its’ development process. Furthermore, we stress the urgency of tailored European policies and directives improving living and working conditions in reception facilities. Finally, we are convinced that Member States should benefit from capacity building and facilitating tools in order to implement those policies and directives