ECFA Detector R&D Panel, Review Report

Two special calorimeters are foreseen for the instrumentation of the very forward region of an ILC or CLIC detector; a luminometer (LumiCal) designed to measure the rate of low angle Bhabha scattering events with a precision better than 10$^{-3}$ at the ILC and 10$^{-2}$ at CLIC, and a low polar-angle calorimeter (BeamCal). The latter will be hit by a large amount of beamstrahlung remnants. The intensity and the spatial shape of these depositions will provide a fast luminosity estimate, as well as determination of beam parameters. The sensors of this calorimeter must be radiation-hard. Both devices will improve the e.m. hermeticity of the detector in the search for new particles. Finely segmented and very compact electromagnetic calorimeters will match these requirements. Due to the high occupancy, fast front-end electronics will be needed. Monte Carlo studies were performed to investigate the impact of beam-beam interactions and physics background processes on the luminosity measurement, and of beamstrahlung on the performance of BeamCal, as well as to optimise the design of both calorimeters. Dedicated sensors, front-end and ADC ASICs have been designed for the ILC and prototypes are available. Prototypes of sensor planes fully assembled with readout electronics have been studied in electron beams.Comment: 61 pages, 51 figure

Performance of fully instrumented detector planes of the forward calorimeter of a Linear Collider detector

Detector-plane prototypes of the very forward calorimetry of a future detector at an e+e- collider have been built and their performance was measured in an electron beam. The detector plane comprises silicon or GaAs pad sensors, dedicated front-end and ADC ASICs, and an FPGA for data concentration. Measurements of the signal-to-noise ratio and the response as a function of the position of the sensor are presented. A deconvolution method is successfully applied, and a comparison of the measured shower shape as a function of the absorber depth with a Monte-Carlo simulation is given.Comment: 25 pages, 32 figures, revised version following comments from referee

Education for Democratic Citizenship in Poland

The civic education is one of the biggest challenges of every nation, but in Poland – as a post-communist country – the upbringing of young generation to life in a democratic and modern world, is essential. Education, and so education for democratic citizenship, is very important, even decisive force of development of societies – it can flourish or decline the development. The purpose of this paper is to identify and explain development and evolution of civic education in Poland at different phases of the systemic transition. Additionally, the authors point out the barriers of civic culture’s development and abilities of institutions, which enable civic education in Poland. Thus, the paper analyses constellations of actors concerning on the one hand factors eroding education for democratic citizenship from schools and on the other hand those which unevenly and constantly building, grass-rooting and enhancing civic education at all levels of educational process

Long-run relationship between exports and imports : current account sustainability tests for the EU

We assess the sustainability of external imbalances for EU countries using panel stationarity tests of Current Account (CA) balance-to-GDP ratios and panel cointegration of exports and imports of goods and services, for the period 1970Q1-2015Q4. We find that: i) the country panel is non-stationary; ii) cross-sectional dependence plays an important role; iii) there is non-stationarity of the CA, imports, and exports with cross-sectional panel dependence and multiple structural breaks; iv) however, there is a stable long-run relationship between exports and imports in the panel. Hence, trade imbalances can be less unsustainable but this is not sufficient to make current account imbalances sustainable.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The effect of premature extraction of primary molars on spatial conditions and formation of malocclusion : a systematic review

Introduction: Premature loss of deciduous teeth is considered to be one of the local environmental factors interfering with normal development of the occlusion. Extraction of deciduous tooth before the time of its physiological exfoliation carries the risk of creation of unfavorable spatial changes in sagittal, transverse and vertical plane. Despite the undeniable role of well-preserved primary dentition in the development of occlusion in adulthood, there are still controversies regarding indications for implementation of space maintainers. Objectives: Analysis of available literature in terms of consequences of premature loss of deciduous molar teeth. Material and methods: The literature review was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus databases in July 2017 basing on keyword “premature primary tooth loss”. English and Polish-language magazines were taken into account without specifying the time frame. Results: In total, 20 papers were selected for further detailed analysis, of which 11 were based on longitudinal studies, 9 were cross-sectional studies (including 7 retrospective studies and 2 systematic literature reviews). Conclusions: Premature extraction of the upper first primary molar may lead to buccal eruption of permanent canine as a consequence of more mesial eruption of first premolar. Increased risk of space loss within dental arch exists especially in case of coexistence of cusp to cusp relationship on first molars and leptoprosopic facial type. Consequences of losing lower first deciduous molar are less obvious. Extraction of second deciduous molars may result in much more serious disturbances related to mesial migration of first permanent molars, resulting in retention or abnormal eruption of second premolars. Repercussions of early loss of deciduous teeth are often visible only at the moment of eruption of permanent successors and depend on many variables, among which patient’s age at the time of extraction, initial spatial conditions (crowding/spacing) and the number and type of lost teeth should be mentioned

REACHING THE OBJECTIVES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ON THE BASIS OF THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES – A SOUTH AND EASTERN EUROPEAN ANALYSIS

The reduction of the development gap of South and East European economy compared with the rest of the developed countries represent an important condition to achieve the goal of „healthy development” of European Union. High level of competitiveness in West European industries as well as new policy of sustainable development causes a rethinking of strategy of individual countries. Creative industries may contribute to the efficient utilization of local resources and individual characteristics. Using the culture like an ”engine” of regional development, in South and Eastern Europe, countries can generate many positive and lasting effects on these economies. This article presents the role and evolution of creative goods and industries in South and Eastern European countries, and aims to prefigure their impact on sustainable development of these regions. The involvement of these goods in international trade may improve or rehabilitate the position of different economies at European level.JEL Codes - O11, O17, Q5

Post socialist or global capitalist? Recent urban form in Belgrade and Krakow compared with developments in the UK

Based on recently published work (Djordjevic & Milojevic, 2018; Kantarek, Kwiatkowski & Samuels, 2018) and current studies work at Belgrade University and Cracow University of Technology, recent developments in these cities are compared with UK projects, mainly in Oxford. The projects are located on an urban transect from city centre to urban periphery. Some projects in Belgrade and Krakow e.g. new central area shopping malls, and gated housing communities, are immediately comparable to those in the UK since their form does not only depend on their regulatory contexts but on land ownership, finance and the structure of the development industry. Individual houses on the urban periphery are different as are attitudes towards post war housing estates. It is suggested that these differences depend on the traditions of planning and development, which have been carried across major changes in political and economic circumstances

Evolutionary states of the two shortest period O-type overcontact binaries V382 Cyg and TU Mus

Up to now, V382 Cyg and TU Mus are the only two discovered O-type overcontact binary stars with periods less than two days (P = 1.8855 and 1.3873 d). Both systems contain a visual companion. New eclipse times and analyses of orbital period variations of the two systems are presented. It is discovered that the periods of both binaries show cyclic oscillations with periods of 47.70 and 47.73 yr, while they undergo continuous increases at rates of dP/dt = +4.4 × 10−7 and +4.0 × 10−7 d yr−1, respectively. The periodic variations can be interpreted as light travel times effects caused by the presence of invisible tertiary components suggesting that they may be quadruple systems. It is possible that the additional bodies may play an important role in the formation and evolution of the two massive overcontact binaries by removing angular momentum from the central systems, and causing the eclipsing pairs to have lower angular momentum and shorter initial orbital periods. In this way, the original detached systems can evolve into the present overcontact configurations via a Case A mass transfer. This is in agreement with the observed long-term period increase of V382 Cyg and TU Mus, which can be explained by mass transfers from the less massive components to the more massive ones. It is found that the time-scales of the long-term period variations of both systems are much longer than the thermal time-scales of the secondary components, but are close to their nuclear time-scales. This suggests that the two massive binaries have been through the rapid mass-transfer evolutionary stage on the thermal time-scales of the secondaries, and they are now on the slow phase of Case A mass transfer. It is shown that massive overcontact binaries are going through a short-lived overcontact configuration during the evolutionary phases of Case A mass transfer, which is different from the situation of late-type overcontact binary stars where components remain in good overcontact configuration driving by a combination of thermal relaxation oscillation and variable angular momentum loss via change in overcontact depth. This conclusion is in agreement with the distribution of overcontact binary stars along with the orbital period.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y GeofísicasInstituto de Astrofísica de La Plat

Evolutionary states of the two shortest period O-type overcontact binaries V382 Cyg and TU Mus

Up to now, V382 Cyg and TU Mus are the only two discovered O-type overcontact binary stars with periods less than two days (P = 1.8855 and 1.3873 d). Both systems contain a visual companion. New eclipse times and analyses of orbital period variations of the two systems are presented. It is discovered that the periods of both binaries show cyclic oscillations with periods of 47.70 and 47.73 yr, while they undergo continuous increases at rates of dP/dt = +4.4 × 10−7 and +4.0 × 10−7 d yr−1, respectively. The periodic variations can be interpreted as light travel times effects caused by the presence of invisible tertiary components suggesting that they may be quadruple systems. It is possible that the additional bodies may play an important role in the formation and evolution of the two massive overcontact binaries by removing angular momentum from the central systems, and causing the eclipsing pairs to have lower angular momentum and shorter initial orbital periods. In this way, the original detached systems can evolve into the present overcontact configurations via a Case A mass transfer. This is in agreement with the observed long-term period increase of V382 Cyg and TU Mus, which can be explained by mass transfers from the less massive components to the more massive ones. It is found that the time-scales of the long-term period variations of both systems are much longer than the thermal time-scales of the secondary components, but are close to their nuclear time-scales. This suggests that the two massive binaries have been through the rapid mass-transfer evolutionary stage on the thermal time-scales of the secondaries, and they are now on the slow phase of Case A mass transfer. It is shown that massive overcontact binaries are going through a short-lived overcontact configuration during the evolutionary phases of Case A mass transfer, which is different from the situation of late-type overcontact binary stars where components remain in good overcontact configuration driving by a combination of thermal relaxation oscillation and variable angular momentum loss via change in overcontact depth. This conclusion is in agreement with the distribution of overcontact binary stars along with the orbital period.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y GeofísicasInstituto de Astrofísica de La Plat

Globalization and economic growth: Evidence from two decades of transition in CEE

This paper examines the role of various aspects of globalization for economic growth in ten CEE economies. In contrary to previous papers, we restrict our analysis solely to the first two decades of transition. Using the globalization indexes published by the Swiss Economic Institute, we found strong and robust evidence of growth-stimulating effect of globalization processes, especially in social and economic dimensions. On the other hand, the role of political dimension of globalization was not found to be statistically significant in any research variant. The result, which seems to be particularly interesting, is that development of the Internet, television and trade in newspapers (the social dimension of globalization) had at least as strong positive impact on economic development in CEE economies in first two decades of transition as rise in international trade, growth of foreign investment, reduction of import barriers and development of taxes policy (the economic dimension)