Automatic Deduction in Dynamic Geometry using Sage

We present a symbolic tool that provides robust algebraic methods to handle automatic deduction tasks for a dynamic geometry construction. The main prototype has been developed as two different worksheets for the open source computer algebra system Sage, corresponding to two different ways of coding a geometric construction. In one worksheet, diagrams constructed with the open source dynamic geometry system GeoGebra are accepted. In this worksheet, Groebner bases are used to either compute the equation of a geometric locus in the case of a locus construction or to determine the truth of a general geometric statement included in the GeoGebra construction as a boolean variable. In the second worksheet, locus constructions coded using the common file format for dynamic geometry developed by the Intergeo project are accepted for computation. The prototype and several examples are provided for testing. Moreover, a third Sage worksheet is presented in which a novel algorithm to eliminate extraneous parts in symbolically computed loci has been implemented. The algorithm, based on a recent work on the Groebner cover of parametric systems, identifies degenerate components and extraneous adherence points in loci, both natural byproducts of general polynomial algebraic methods. Detailed examples are discussed.Comment: In Proceedings THedu'11, arXiv:1202.453

Improving QED-Tutrix by Automating the Generation of Proofs

The idea of assisting teachers with technological tools is not new. Mathematics in general, and geometry in particular, provide interesting challenges when developing educative softwares, both in the education and computer science aspects. QED-Tutrix is an intelligent tutor for geometry offering an interface to help high school students in the resolution of demonstration problems. It focuses on specific goals: 1) to allow the student to freely explore the problem and its figure, 2) to accept proofs elements in any order, 3) to handle a variety of proofs, which can be customized by the teacher, and 4) to be able to help the student at any step of the resolution of the problem, if the need arises. The software is also independent from the intervention of the teacher. QED-Tutrix offers an interesting approach to geometry education, but is currently crippled by the lengthiness of the process of implementing new problems, a task that must still be done manually. Therefore, one of the main focuses of the QED-Tutrix' research team is to ease the implementation of new problems, by automating the tedious step of finding all possible proofs for a given problem. This automation must follow fundamental constraints in order to create problems compatible with QED-Tutrix: 1) readability of the proofs, 2) accessibility at a high school level, and 3) possibility for the teacher to modify the parameters defining the "acceptability" of a proof. We present in this paper the result of our preliminary exploration of possible avenues for this task. Automated theorem proving in geometry is a widely studied subject, and various provers exist. However, our constraints are quite specific and some adaptation would be required to use an existing prover. We have therefore implemented a prototype of automated prover to suit our needs. The future goal is to compare performances and usability in our specific use-case between the existing provers and our implementation.Comment: In Proceedings ThEdu'17, arXiv:1803.0072

The technological mediation of mathematics and its learning

This paper examines the extent to which mathematical knowledge, and its related pedagogy, is inextricably linked to the tools – physical, virtual, cultural – in which it is expressed. Our goal is to focus on a few exemplars of computational tools, and to describe with some illustrative examples, how mathematical meanings are shaped by their use. We begin with an appraisal of the role of digital technologies, and our rationale for focusing on them. We present four categories of digital tool-use that distinguish their differing potential to shape mathematical cognition. The four categories are: i. dynamic and graphical tools, ii. tools that outsource processing power, iii. new representational infrastructures, and iv. the implications of highbandwidth connectivity on the nature of mathematics activity. In conclusion, we draw out the implications of this analysis for mathematical epistemology and the mathematical meanings students develop. We also underline the central importance of design, both of the tools themselves and the activities in which they are embedded

Do you need to see it to believe it? Let's see statistics and geometry dynamically together!

Statistical graphs, measures of central tendency and measures of spread are key concepts in the statistics curriculum, so we present here a dynamic method (software) that may be used in the classroom. In this work we begin with an introductory approach. This is done to emphasize the importance of stimulating the visualization of statistical measures by using available technology as a means of overcoming difficulties and errors related to interpretations and also to motivate students in the classroom. With the help of the dynamic geometry software Cabri-Géomètre II Plus, some applications will be presented from a didactic viewpoint as a means to give visual stimulation, to motivate and to facilitate the familiarization with statistical concepts involved in statistical graphs, measures of central tendency and measures of spread. The applications presented here may be implemented by any teacher with basic knowledge of Cabri-Géomètre or any other dynamic geometry software. We hope that they will also be elements that promote further interaction within the classroom

TRAINING OF TEACHERS AT FAREL EDUCATION CENTRE AND PRIMA QUANTUM TUTORING IN USING GEOGEBRA

Low results from studying mathematics at the Farel Education Center and the Prima Quantum tutoring can indicate a poor understanding of mathematical concepts among students. This community service activity aims to provide additional insights to teachers as participants in media and mathematics learning aids using the GeoGebra application. Teachers' ability to understand mathematical concepts can be improved to help students understand mathematics more effectively. Participants in this community service activity were the Farel Education Center for Teachers and the Prima Quantum tutoring in Jakarta. There are three phases of action: the preparation, implementation, and evaluation to implement this Community service activity. Observation, documentation, and demonstration are the method of execution of this community service activity. The result of this community service activity was that teachers at Farel Education Center and Prima Quantum tutoring who initially did not know the GeoGebra application and its benefits can now take advantage of GeoGebra in their learning. It can increase motivation, interest in education, student creativity, and understanding of mathematics

Experimental Approaches to Theoretical Thinking: Artefacts and Proofs

This chapter discusses some strands of experimental mathematics from both an epistemological and a didactical point of view. We introduce some ancient and recent historical examples in Western and Eastern cultures in order to illustrate how the use of mathematical tools has driven the genesis of many abstract mathematical concepts. We show how the interaction between concrete tools and abstract ideas introduces an "experimental" dimension in mathematics and a dynamic tension between the empirical nature of the activities with the tools and the deductive nature of the discipline. We then discuss how the heavy use of the new technology in mathematics teaching gives new dynamism to this dialectic, specifically through students' proving activities in digital electronic environments. Finally, we introduce some theoretical frameworks to examine and interpret students' thoughts and actions whilst the students work in such environments to explore problematic situations, formulate conjectures and logically prove them. The chapter is followed by a response by Jonathan Borwein and Judy-anne Osborn