Convolutions and Green’s Functions for Two Families of Boundary Value Problems for Fractional Differential Equations

We consider families of two-point boundary value problems for fractional differential equations where the fractional derivative is assumed to be the Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative. The problems considered are such that appropriate differential operators commute and the problems can be constructed as nested boundary value problems for lower order fractional differential equations. Green\u27s functions are then constructed as convolutions of lower order Green\u27s functions. Comparison theorems are known for the Green\u27s functions for the lower order problems and so, we obtain analogous comparison theorems for the two families of higher order equations considered here. We also pose a related open question for a family of Green\u27s functions that do not apparently have convolution representations

A Review on Fractional Differential Equations and a Numerical Method to Solve Some Boundary Value Problems

Fractional differential equations can describe the dynamics of several complex and nonlocal systems with memory. They arise in many scientific and engineering areas such as physics, chemistry, biology, biophysics, economics, control theory, signal and image processing, etc. Particularly, nonlinear systems describing different phenomena can be modeled with fractional derivatives. Chaotic behavior has also been reported in some fractional models. There exist theoretical results related to existence and uniqueness of solutions to initial and boundary value problems with fractional differential equations; for the nonlinear case, there are still few of them. In this work we will present a summary of the different definitions of fractional derivatives and show models where they appear, including simple nonlinear systems with chaos. Existing results on the solvability of classical fractional differential equations and numerical approaches are summarized. Finally, we propose a numerical scheme to approximate the solution to linear fractional initial value problems and boundary value problems

Initial, inner and inner-boundary problems for a fractional differential equation

While it is known that one can consider the Cauchy problem for evolution equations with Caputo derivatives, the situation for the initial value problems for the Riemann-Liouville derivatives is less understood. In this paper we propose new type initial, inner and inner-boundary value problems for fractional differential equations with the Riemann-Liouville derivatives. The results on the existence and uniqueness are proved, and conditions on the solvability are found. The well-posedness of the new type initial, inner and inner-boundary conditions are also discussed. Moreover, we give explicit formulas for the solutions. As an application fractional partial differential equations for general positive operators are studied.Comment: 18 pages

Fractional boundary value problems and Lyapunov-type inequalities with fractional integral boundary conditions

We discuss boundary value problems for Riemann-Liouville fractional differential equations with certain fractional integral boundary conditions. Such boundary conditions are different from the widely considered pointwise conditions in the sense that they allow solutions to have singularities, and different from other conditions given by integrals with a singular kernel since they arise from well-defined initial value problems. We derive Lyapunov-type inequalities for linear fractional differential equations and apply them to establish nonexistence, uniqueness, and existence-uniqueness of solutions for certain linear fractional boundary value problems. Parallel results are also obtained for sequential fractional differential equations. An example is given to show how computer programs and numerical algorithms can be used to verify the conditions and to apply the results

Fractional Differential Equations, Inclusions and Inequalities with Applications

During the last decade, there has been an increased interest in fractional differential equations, inclusions, and inequalities, as they play a fundamental role in the modeling of numerous phenomena, in particular, in physics, biomathematics, blood flow phenomena, ecology, environmental issues, viscoelasticity, aerodynamics, electrodynamics of complex medium, electrical circuits, electron-analytical chemistry, control theory, etc. This book presents collective works published in the recent Special Issue (SI) entitled "Fractional Differential Equation, Inclusions and Inequalities with Applications" of the journal Mathematics. This Special Issue presents recent developments in the theory of fractional differential equations and inequalities. Topics include but are not limited to the existence and uniqueness results for boundary value problems for different types of fractional differential equations, a variety of fractional inequalities, impulsive fractional differential equations, and applications in sciences and engineering