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An exploration and validation of computer modeling of evolution, natural selection, and evolutionary biology with cellular automata for secondary students.
Get PDFThe Evolutionary Tool Kit, a new software package, is the prototype of a concept simulator providing an environment for students to create microworlds of populations of artificial organisms. Its function is to model processes, concepts and arguments in natural selection and evolutionary biology, using either Mendelian asexual or sexual reproduction, or counterfactual systems such as \u27paint pot\u27 or blending inheritance. In this environment students can explore a conceptual What if? in evolutionary biology, test misconceptions and deepen understanding of inheritance and changes in populations. Populations can be defined either with typological, or with populational thinking, to inquire into the role and necessity of variation in natural selection. The approach is generative not tutorial. The interface is highly graphic with twenty traits set as icons that are moved onto the \u27phenotypes\u27. Activities include investigations of evolutionary theory of aging, reproductive advantage, sexual selection and mimicry. Design of the activities incorporates Howard Gardner\u27s Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Draft of a teacher and student manual are included
Strategic interaction in the Prisoner's Dilemma: A game-theoretic dimension of conflict research
Get PDFThis four-part enquiry treats selected theoretical and empirical developments in the Prisoner's Dilemma. The enquiry is oriented within the sphere of game-theoretic conflict research, and addresses methodological and philosophical problems embedded in the model under consideration. In Part One, relevant taxonomic criteria of the von Neumann- Morgenstern theory of games are reviewed, and controversies associated with both the utility function and game-theoretic rationality are introduced. In Part Two, salient contributions by Rapoport and others to the Prisoner's Dilemma are enlisted to illustrate the model's conceptual richness and problematic wealth. Conflicting principles of choice, divergent concepts of rational choice, and attempted resolutions of the dilemma are evaluated in the static mode. In Part Three, empirical interaction among strategies is examined in the iterated mode. A computer-simulated tournament of competing families of strategies is conducted, as both a complement to and continuation of Axelrod's previous tournaments. Combinatoric sub-tournaments are exhaustively analyzed, and an eliminatory ecological scenario is generated. In Part Four, the performance of the maximization family of strategies is subjected to deeper analysis, which reveals critical strengths and weaknesses latent in its decision-making process. On the whole, an inter-modal continuity obtains, which suggests that the maximization of expected utility, weighted toward probabilistic co-operation, is a relatively effective strategic embodiment of Rapoport's ethic of collective rationality
With the Tigers over China, 1941-1942
Get PDFIn the twelve months centered around the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, a diverse group of American and British flyers fought one of the most remarkable air campaigns of WWII. Pilots including Claire Chennault, Pappy Boyington, and Art Donahue bought time for an Allied regrouping against Japan\u27s relentless assault in the China-Burma-India theater. In the face of the 1941 bombings, Chiang Kai-shek turned to air power to survive, which he did thanks to Chennault\u27s rebuilding of the Chinese Air Force and the leadership of the American Volunteer Group, or AVG.
Formed by Chennault, the AVG, also known as the Flying Tigers, were contract employees working for the Chinese government. As a result, they received virtually no official American recognition for their efforts. The group was known for their romantic, reckless spirit. They performed remarkably with outdated planes and equipment in ill-repair, were almost always heavily outnumbered in battle, and were seen by outsiders as hard-drinking rebels.
Whatever their image, the Flying Tigers were highly effective. In the words of Air Force Major General Charlie Bond, During that first week of action the AVG destroyed fifty-five enemy bombers and fighters while losing only five Tomahawks. Unfortunately, two of our colleagues were killed, but at the same time two hundred enemy airmen were either killed or captured. We were shattering the myth that the Japanese Air Force was invincible.
Jerome Klinkowitz, whose earlier books focused on flyers\u27 attitudes toward the air war in Britain and Europe, continues his work with an exceptionally interesting group of Pacific warriors. He brings together not only the commanders\u27 stories but the often more colorful--and sometimes more accurate--accounts of life and battle by the men who flew these planes and the women who participated on the ground.
Jerome Klinkowitz, professor of English and University Distinguished Scholar at the University of Northern Iowa, is the author of Yanks Over Europe and Their Finest Hours.
Contains the best general description and estimate of Gen. Claire Chennault I have ever read. —Bernard Norling
Brings together not only the commanders’ stories but often more colorful—and sometimes more accurate—accounts of life and battle by the men who flew these planes and the women who participated on the ground. —McCormick (SC) Messenger
Shows that the Tigers’ success was largely due to Chennault himself. —Rapport
Forces us to re-evaluate the role of the military hero who has passed into the realm of myth and legend. —South Carolina Reviewhttps://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_military_history/1016/thumbnail.jp
Advanced Automation for Space Missions
Get PDFThe feasibility of using machine intelligence, including automation and robotics, in future space missions was studied
A Mythic Journey: Gunter Grass\u27s Tin Drum
Get PDFAlthough The Tin Drum has often been called one of the great novels of the 20th century, most critics have been baffled in attempting to draw its apparent chaos into a single literary framework. Here is the full-length study to penetrate the brilliance of Gunter Grass’s style and uncover the novel’s mythopoetic core. In A Mythic Journey: Gunter Grass\u27s Tin Drum, author Edward Diller convincingly demonstrates the still valid relationship between modern and classical literary criticism. By reading The Tin Drum as both modern myth and historical epic, he provides a profound and sensitive interpretation of one of the masterpieces of 20th century literature.
Edward Diller is a professor of German at the University of Oregon.https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_german_literature/1001/thumbnail.jp
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