4,557 research outputs found
Efficient Lock-free Binary Search Trees
In this paper we present a novel algorithm for concurrent lock-free internal
binary search trees (BST) and implement a Set abstract data type (ADT) based on
that. We show that in the presented lock-free BST algorithm the amortized step
complexity of each set operation - {\sc Add}, {\sc Remove} and {\sc Contains} -
is , where, is the height of BST with number of nodes
and is the contention during the execution. Our algorithm adapts to
contention measures according to read-write load. If the situation is
read-heavy, the operations avoid helping pending concurrent {\sc Remove}
operations during traversal, and, adapt to interval contention. However, for
write-heavy situations we let an operation help pending {\sc Remove}, even
though it is not obstructed, and so adapt to tighter point contention. It uses
single-word compare-and-swap (\texttt{CAS}) operations. We show that our
algorithm has improved disjoint-access-parallelism compared to similar existing
algorithms. We prove that the presented algorithm is linearizable. To the best
of our knowledge this is the first algorithm for any concurrent tree data
structure in which the modify operations are performed with an additive term of
contention measure.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, submitted to POD
The Algebra of Binary Search Trees
We introduce a monoid structure on the set of binary search trees, by a
process very similar to the construction of the plactic monoid, the
Robinson-Schensted insertion being replaced by the binary search tree
insertion. This leads to a new construction of the algebra of Planar Binary
Trees of Loday-Ronco, defining it in the same way as Non-Commutative Symmetric
Functions and Free Symmetric Functions. We briefly explain how the main known
properties of the Loday-Ronco algebra can be described and proved with this
combinatorial point of view, and then discuss it from a representation
theoretical point of view, which in turns leads to new combinatorial properties
of binary trees.Comment: 49 page
Maximal clades in random binary search trees
We study maximal clades in random phylogenetic trees with the Yule-Harding
model or, equivalently, in binary search trees. We use probabilistic methods to
reprove and extend earlier results on moment asymptotics and asymptotic
normality. In particular, we give an explanation of the curious phenomenon
observed by Drmota, Fuchs and Lee (2014) that asymptotic normality holds, but
one should normalize using half the variance.Comment: 25 page
On Dynamic Optimality for Binary Search Trees
Does there exist O(1)-competitive (self-adjusting) binary search tree (BST)
algorithms? This is a well-studied problem. A simple offline BST algorithm
GreedyFuture was proposed independently by Lucas and Munro, and they
conjectured it to be O(1)-competitive. Recently, Demaine et al. gave a
geometric view of the BST problem. This view allowed them to give an online
algorithm GreedyArb with the same cost as GreedyFuture. However, no
o(n)-competitive ratio was known for GreedyArb. In this paper we make progress
towards proving O(1)-competitive ratio for GreedyArb by showing that it is
O(\log n)-competitive
Weighted dynamic finger in binary search trees
It is shown that the online binary search tree data structure GreedyASS
performs asymptotically as well on a sufficiently long sequence of searches as
any static binary search tree where each search begins from the previous search
(rather than the root). This bound is known to be equivalent to assigning each
item in the search tree a positive weight and bounding the search
cost of an item in the search sequence by
amortized. This result is the strongest finger-type bound to be proven for
binary search trees. By setting the weights to be equal, one observes that our
bound implies the dynamic finger bound. Compared to the previous proof of the
dynamic finger bound for Splay trees, our result is significantly shorter,
stronger, simpler, and has reasonable constants.Comment: An earlier version of this work appeared in the Proceedings of the
Twenty-Seventh Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithm
Linial arrangements and local binary search trees
We study the set of NBC sets (no broken circuit sets) of the Linial
arrangement and deduce a constructive bijection to the set of local binary
search trees. We then generalize this construction to two families of Linial
type arrangements for which the bijections are with some -ary labelled trees
that we introduce for this purpose.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:1403.257
Martingales and Profile of Binary Search Trees
We are interested in the asymptotic analysis of the binary search tree (BST)
under the random permutation model. Via an embedding in a continuous time
model, we get new results, in particular the asymptotic behavior of the
profile
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