216,662 research outputs found
An optical model for an analogy of Parrondo game and designing Brownian ratchets
An optical model of classical photons propagating through array of many beam
splitters is developed to give a physical analogy of Parrondo's game and
Parrondo-Harmer-Abbott game. We showed both the two games are reasonable game
without so-called game paradox and they are essentially the same. We designed
the games with long-term memory on loop lattice and history-entangled game. The
strong correlation between nearest two rounds of game can make the combination
of two losing game win, lose or oscillate between win and loss. The periodic
potential in Brownian ratchet is analogous to a long chain of beam splitters.
The coupling between two neighboring potential wells is equivalent to two
coupled beam splitters. This correspondence may help us to understand the
anomalous motion of exceptional Brownian particles moving in the opposite
direction to the majority. We designed the capital wave for a game by
introducing correlations into independent capitals instead of sub-games.
Playing entangled quantum states in many coupled classical games obey the same
rules for manipulating quantum states in many body physics.Comment: 18 pages in two colum
Theory-based user modeling for personalized interactive information retrieval
In an effort to improve users’ search experiences during their information seeking process, providing a personalized information retrieval system is proposed to be one of the effective approaches. To personalize the search systems requires a good understanding of the users. User modeling has been approved to be a good method for learning and representing users. Therefore many user modeling studies have been carried out and some user models have been developed. The majority of the user modeling studies applies inductive approach, and only small number of studies employs deductive approach. In this paper, an EISE (Extended Information goal, Search strategy and Evaluation threshold) user model is proposed, which uses the deductive approach based on psychology theories and an existing user model. Ten users’ interactive search log obtained from the real search engine is applied to validate the proposed user model. The preliminary validation results show that the EISE model can be applied to identify different types of users. The search preferences of the different user types can be applied to inform interactive search system design and development
Quantum dissipative Brownian motion and the Casimir effect
We explore an analogy between the thermodynamics of a free dissipative
quantum particle and that of an electromagnetic field between two mirrors of
finite conductivity. While a free particle isolated from its environment will
effectively be in the high-temperature limit for any nonvanishing temperature,
a finite coupling to the environment leads to quantum effects ensuring the
correct low-temperature behavior. Even then, it is found that under appropriate
circumstances the entropy can be a nonmonotonic function of the temperature.
Such a scenario with its specific dependence on the ratio of temperature and
damping constant also appears for the transverse electric mode in the Casimir
effect. The limits of vanishing dissipation for the quantum particle and of
infinite conductivity of the mirrors in the Casimir effect both turn out to be
noncontinuous.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure
Classical geometry to quantum behavior correspondence in a Virtual Extra Dimension
In the Lorentz invariant formalism of compact space-time dimensions the
assumption of periodic boundary conditions represents a consistent
semi-classical quantization condition for relativistic fields. In
[arXiv:0903.3680] we have shown, for instance, that the ordinary Feynman path
integral is obtained from the interference between the classical paths with
different winding numbers associated with the cyclic dynamics of the field
solutions. By means of the boundary conditions, the kinematics information of
interactions can be encoded on the relativistic geometrodynamics of the
boundary [arXiv:1110.0315]. Furthermore, such a purely four-dimensional theory
is manifestly dual to an extra-dimensional field theory. The resulting
correspondence between extra-dimensional geometrodynamics and ordinary quantum
behavior can be interpreted in terms of AdS/CFT correspondence. By applying
this approach to a simple Quark-Gluon-Plasma freeze-out model we obtain
fundamental analogies with basic aspects of AdS/QCD phenomenology.Comment: 60 pages. Version published in Annals of Physics (2012). Minor
correction
Leaky modes of waveguides as a classical optics analogy of quantum resonances
A classical optics waveguide structure is proposed to simulate resonances of
short range one-dimensional potentials in quantum mechanics. The analogy is
based on the well known resemblance between the guided and radiation modes of a
waveguide with the bound and scattering states of a quantum well. As resonances
are scattering states that spend some time in the zone of influence of the
scatterer, we associate them with the leaky modes of a waveguide, the latter
characterized by suffering attenuation in the direction of propagation but
increasing exponentially in the transverse directions. The resemblance is
complete since resonances (leaky modes) can be interpreted as bound states
(guided modes) with definite lifetime (longitudinal shift). As an immediate
application we calculate the leaky modes (resonances) associated with a
dielectric homogeneous slab (square well potential) and show that these modes
are attenuated as they propagate.Comment: The title has been modified to describe better the contents of the
article. Some paragraphs have been added to clarify the result
Comparative study on indoor fungi growth incorporated with different antifungal and wall finishings
Indoor air quality is important to the health and comfort of building occupants. There are many sources of pollutants that can be found in the building. One of the sources of pollutants is fungus. Fungi are present almost everywhere in indoor and outdoor environments. Building materials supporting fungal growth must be remediated as rapidly as possible in order to ensure a healthy environment. The goal of this study is to compare the growth of indoor fungal by using three different antifungals such as potassium sorbate, zinc salicylate and calcium benzoate. The indoor fungi were isolated from selected room at Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering (FKAAS). The objective is to enumerate the growth of indoor fungal after incorporate with antifungal at different types of wall finishes and evaluate its efficiency. This research was done on three main substrates which are wood, plasterboard and concrete. These main materials were each coated with four types of coating which are thin wallpaper, thick wallpaper, glycerol based paint and acrylic paint. The growth rate was monitored as all the materials was applied with the antifungal. The antifungal has reduced the growth rate of the fungus but depending on the type of material and coating that is used. Results shows that for wood substrate, the best antifungal treatment is a mix of thick wallpaper and calcium benzoate, where the growth stops at 53% (CB 53% < PS 87% < ZS 90% < CTRL 93%). As for plasterboard substrate, thin wallpaper and potassium sorbate hinders the growth at 40% (PS 40% < ZS 73% < CB 80% < CTRL 97%) whereas for concrete substrate, acrylic paint and glycerol based paint incorporated with calcium benzoate renders the growth of fungi to stop at 0% throughout the test (Acrylic Paint = CB 0% < ZS 7% < PS 7% < CTRL 33%) and (Glycerol Based Paint = CB 0% < PS 70% < ZS 73% < CTRL 87%). Thus, the best building material would be concrete with the application of calcium benzoate for paint type of wall finishing’s
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The effect of multiple knowledge sources on learning and teaching
Current paradigms for machine-based learning and teaching tend to perform their task in isolation from a rich context of existing knowledge. In contrast, the research project presented here takes the view that bringing multiple sources of knowledge to bear is of central importance to learning in complex domains. As a consequence teaching must both take advantage of and beware of interactions between new and existing knowledge. The central process which connects learning to its context is reasoning by analogy, a primary concern of this research. In teaching, the connection is provided by the explicit use of a learning model to reason about the choice of teaching actions. In this learning paradigm, new concepts are incrementally refined and integrated into a body of expertise, rather than being evaluated against a static notion of correctness. The domain chosen for this experimentation is that of learning to solve "algebra story problems." A model of acquiring problem solving skills in this domain is described, including: representational structures for background knowledge, a problem solving architecture, learning mechanisms, and the role of analogies in applying existing problem solving abilities to novel problems. Examples of learning are given for representative instances of algebra story problems. After relating our views to the psychological literature, we outline the design of a teaching system. Finally, we insist on the interdependence of learning and teaching and on the synergistic effects of conducting both research efforts in parallel
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