27 research outputs found
DIGITAL VIDEO BROADCASTING VIA SATELLITE (DVB-S)
This paper provides a brief introduction to the DVB-S system based on [EN-300-421]. The DVB-S system provides directto-home (DTH) services for consumer integrated receiver decoders (IRD), as well as collective antenna systems (satellitemaster antenna television SMATV) and cable television head-end stations. The overview covers the physical layer thatcomprises adaptation, framing, coding, interleaving and modulation, and discusses error performance requirements toachieve quality of service (QoS) targets.Keywords: system provides direct-to-homey, satellite master antenna television and achieves quality of service
LDPC coded OFDM and its application to DVB-T2, DVB-S2 and IEEE 80216e
Since the invention of Information Theory by Shannon in 1948, coding theorists have been trying to come up with coding schemes that will achieve capacity dictated by Shannonâs Theorem. The most successful two coding schemes among many are the LDPCs and Turbo codes. In this thesis, we focus on LDPC codes and in particular their usage by the second generation terrestrial digital video broadcasting (DVB-T2), second generation satellite digital video broadcasting (DVB-S2) and IEEE 802.16e mobile WiMAX standards. Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) block codes were invented by Gallager in 1962 and they can achieve near Shannon limit performance on a wide variety of fading channels. LDPC codes are included in the DVB-T2 and DVB-S2 standards because of their excellent error-correcting capabilities. LDPC coding has also been adopted as an optional error correcting scheme in IEEE 802.16e mobile WiMAX. This thesis focuses on the bit error rate (BER) and PSNR performance analysis of DVB-T2, DVB-S2 and IEEE 802.16e transmission using LDPC coding under additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh Fading channel scenarios
Architecture and algorithms for the implementation of digital wireless receivers in FPGA and ASIC: ISDB-T and DVB-S2 cases
[EN] The first generation of Terrestrial Digital Television(DTV) has been in service for over a decade. In 2013, several countries have already completed the transition from Analog to Digital TV Broadcasting, most of which in Europe. In South America, after several studies and trials, Brazil adopted the Japanese standard with some innovations. Japan and Brazil started Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting (DTTB) services in December 2003 and December 2007 respectively, using Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting - Terrestrial (ISDB-T), also known as ARIB STD-B31.
In June 2005 the Committee for the Information Technology Area (CATI) of Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology and Innovation MCTI approved the incorporation of the IC-Brazil Program, in the National Program for Microelectronics (PNM) . The main goals of IC-Brazil are the formal qualification of IC designers, support to the creation of semiconductors companies focused on projects of ICs within Brazil, and the attraction of semiconductors companies focused on the design and development of ICs in Brazil.
The work presented in this thesis originated from the unique momentum created by the combination of the birth of Digital Television in Brazil and the creation of the IC-Brazil Program by the Brazilian government. Without this combination it would not have been possible to make these kind of projects in Brazil. These projects have been a long and costly journey, albeit scientifically and technologically worthy, towards a Brazilian DTV state-of-the-art low complexity Integrated Circuit, with good economy scale perspectives, due to the fact that at the beginning of this project ISDB-T standard was not adopted by several countries like DVB-T.
During the development of the ISDB-T receiver proposed in this thesis, it was realized that due to the continental dimensions of Brazil, the DTTB would not be enough to cover the entire country with open DTV signal, specially for the case of remote localizations far from the high urban density regions. Then, Eldorado Research Institute and Idea! Electronic Systems, foresaw that, in a near future, there would be an open distribution system for high definition DTV over satellite, in Brazil. Based on that, it was decided by Eldorado Research Institute, that would be necessary to create a new ASIC for broadcast satellite reception. At that time DVB-S2 standard was the strongest candidate for that, and this assumption still stands nowadays. Therefore, it was decided to apply to a new round of resources funding from the MCTI - that was granted - in order to start the new project.
This thesis discusses in details the Architecture and Algorithms proposed for the implementation of a low complexity Intermediate Frequency(IF) ISDB-T Receiver on Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) CMOS. The Architecture proposed here is highly based on the COordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) Algorithm, that is a simple and efficient algorithm suitable for VLSI implementations. The receiver copes with the impairments inherent to wireless channels transmission and the receiver crystals. The thesis also discusses the Methodology adopted and presents the implementation results. The receiver performance is presented and compared to those obtained by means of simulations.
Furthermore, the thesis also presents the Architecture and Algorithms for a DVB-S2 receiver targeting its ASIC implementation. However, unlike the ISDB-T receiver, only preliminary ASIC implementation results are introduced. This was mainly done in order to have an early estimation of die area to prove that the project in ASIC is economically viable, as well as to verify possible bugs in early stage. As in the case of
ISDB-T receiver, this receiver is highly based on CORDIC algorithm and it was prototyped in FPGA. The Methodology used for the second receiver is derived from that used for the ISDB-T receiver, with minor additions given the project characteristics.[ES] La primera generaciĂłn de TelevisiĂłn Digital Terrestre(DTV) ha estado en servicio por mĂĄs de una dĂ©cada. En 2013, varios paĂses completaron la transiciĂłn de transmisiĂłn analĂłgica a televisiĂłn digital, la mayorĂa de ellas en Europa. En AmĂ©rica del Sur, despuĂ©s de varios estudios y ensayos, Brasil adoptĂł el estĂĄndar japonĂ©s con algunas innovaciones. JapĂłn y Brasil comenzaron a prestar el servicio de DifusiĂłn de TelevisiĂłn Digital Terrestre (DTTB) en diciembre de 2003 y diciembre de 2007 respectivamente, utilizando RadiodifusiĂłn Digital de Servicios Integrados Terrestres (ISDB-T), tambiĂ©n conocida como ARIB STD-B31.
En junio de 2005, el ComitĂ© del Ărea de TecnologĂa de la InformaciĂłn (CATI) del Ministerio de Ciencia, TecnologĂa e InnovaciĂłn de Brasil - MCTI aprobĂł la incorporaciĂłn del Programa CI-Brasil, en el Programa Nacional de MicroelectrĂłnica (PNM). Los principales objetivos de la CI-Brasil son la formaciĂłn de diseñadores de CIs, apoyar la creaciĂłn de empresas de semiconductores enfocadas en proyectos de circuitos integrados dentro de Brasil, y la atracciĂłn de empresas de semiconductores interesadas en el diseño y desarrollo de circuitos integrados.
El trabajo presentado en esta tesis se originĂł en el impulso Ășnico creado por la combinaciĂłn del nacimiento de la televisiĂłn digital en Brasil y la creaciĂłn del Programa de CI-Brasil por el gobierno brasileño. Sin esta combinaciĂłn no hubiera sido posible realizar este tipo de proyectos en Brasil. Estos proyectos han sido un trayecto largo y costoso, aunque meritorio desde el punto de vista cientĂfico y tecnolĂłgico, hacia un Circuito Integrado brasileño de punta y de baja complejidad para DTV, con buenas perspectivas de economĂa de escala debido al hecho que al inicio de este proyecto, el estĂĄndar ISDB-T no fue adoptado por varios paĂses como DVB-T.
Durante el desarrollo del receptor ISDB-T propuesto en esta tesis, se observĂł que debido a las dimensiones continentales de Brasil, la DTTB no serĂa suficiente para cubrir todo el paĂs con la señal de televisiĂłn digital abierta, especialmente para el caso de localizaciones remotas, apartadas de las regiones de alta densidad urbana. En ese momento, el Instituto de InvestigaciĂłn Eldorado e Idea! Sistemas ElectrĂłnicos, previeron que en un futuro cercano habrĂa un sistema de distribuciĂłn abierto para DTV de alta definiciĂłn por satĂ©lite en Brasil. Con base en eso, el Instituto de InvestigaciĂłn Eldorado decidiĂł que serĂa necesario crear un nuevo ASIC para la recepciĂłn de radiodifusiĂłn por satĂ©lite, basada el estĂĄndar DVB-S2.
En esta tesis se analiza en detalle la Arquitectura y algoritmos propuestos para la implementaciĂłn de un receptor ISDB-T de baja complejidad y frecuencia intermedia (IF) en un Circuito Integrado de AplicaciĂłn EspecĂfica (ASIC) CMOS. La arquitectura aquĂ propuesta se basa fuertemente en el algoritmo Computadora Digital para RotaciĂłn de Coordenadas (CORDIC), el cual es un algoritmo simple, eficiente y adecuado para implementaciones VLSI. El receptor hace frente a las deficiencias inherentes a las transmisiones por canales inalĂĄmbricos y los cristales del receptor. La tesis tambiĂ©n analiza la metodologĂa adoptada y presenta los resultados de la implementaciĂłn.
Por otro lado, la tesis tambiĂ©n presenta la arquitectura y los algoritmos para un receptor DVB-S2 dirigido a la implementaciĂłn en ASIC. Sin embargo, a diferencia del receptor ISDB-T, se introducen sĂłlo los resultados preliminares de implementaciĂłn en ASIC. Esto se hizo principalmente con el fin de tener una estimaciĂłn temprana del ĂĄrea del die para demostrar que el proyecto en ASIC es econĂłmicamente viable, asĂ como para verificar posibles errores en etapa temprana. Como en el caso de receptor ISDB-T, este receptor se basa fuertemente en el algoritmo CORDIC y fue un prototipado en FPGA. La metodologĂa utilizada para el segundo receptor se deriva de la utilizada para el re[CA] La primera generaciĂł de TelevisiĂł Digital Terrestre (TDT) ha estat en servici durant mĂ©s d'una dĂšcada. En 2013, diversos paĂŻsos ja van completar la transiciĂł de la radiodifusiĂł de televisiĂł analĂČgica a la digital, i la majoria van ser a Europa. A AmĂšrica del Sud, desprĂ©s de diversos estudis i assajos, Brasil va adoptar l'estĂ ndard japonĂ©s amb algunes innovacions. JapĂł i Brasil van començar els servicis de RadiodifusiĂł de TelevisiĂł Terrestre Digital (DTTB) al desembre de 2003 i al desembre de 2007, respectivament, utilitzant la RadiodifusiĂł Digital amb Servicis Integrats de (ISDB-T), coneguda com a ARIB STD-B31.
Al juny de 2005, el ComitĂ© de l'Ărea de Tecnologia de la InformaciĂł (CATI) del Ministeri de CiĂšncia i Tecnologia i InnovaciĂł del Brasil (MCTI) va aprovar la incorporaciĂł del programa CI Brasil al Programa Nacional de MicroelectrĂČnica (PNM). Els principals objectius de CI Brasil sĂłn la qualificaciĂł formal dels dissenyadors de circuits integrats, el suport a la creaciĂł d'empreses de semiconductors centrades en projectes de circuits integrats dins del Brasil i l'atracciĂł d'empreses de semiconductors centrades en el disseny i desenvolupament de circuits integrats.
El treball presentat en esta tesi es va originar en l'impuls Ășnic creat per la combinaciĂł del naixement de la televisiĂł digital al Brasil i la creaciĂł del programa Brasil CI pel govern brasiler. Sense esta combinaciĂł no hauria estat possible realitzar este tipus de projectes a Brasil. Estos projectes han suposat un viatge llarg i costĂłs, tot i que digne cientĂficament i tecnolĂČgica, cap a un circuit integrat punter de baixa complexitat per a la TDT brasilera, amb bones perspectives d'economia d'escala perquĂš a l'inici d'este projecte l'estĂ ndard ISDB-T no va ser adoptat per diversos paĂŻsos, com el DVB-T.
Durant el desenvolupament del receptor de ISDB-T proposat en esta tesi, va resultar que, a causa de les dimensions continentals de Brasil, la DTTB no seria suficient per cobrir tot el paĂs amb el senyal de TDT oberta, especialment pel que fa a les localitzacions remotes allunyades de les regions d'alta densitat urbana.. En este moment, l'Institut de Recerca Eldorado i Idea! Sistemes ElectrĂČnics van preveure que, en un futur prĂČxim, no hi hauria a Brasil un sistema de distribuciĂł oberta de TDT d'alta definiciĂł a travĂ©s de satĂšlÂżlit. D'acord amb aixĂČ, l'Institut de Recerca Eldorado va decidir que seria necessari crear un nou ASIC per a la recepciĂł de radiodifusiĂł per satĂšlÂżlit. basat en l'estĂ ndard DVB-S2.
En esta tesi s'analitza en detall l'arquitectura i els algorismes proposats per l'execuciĂł d'un receptor ISDB-T de FreqĂŒĂšncia IntermĂšdia (FI) de baixa complexitat sobre CMOS de Circuit Integrat d'Aplicacions EspecĂfiques (ASIC). L'arquitectura acĂ proposada es basa molt en l'algorisme de l'Ordinador Digital de RotaciĂł de Coordenades (CORDIC), que Ă©s un algorisme simple i eficient adequat per implementacions VLSI. El receptor fa front a les deficiĂšncies inherents a la transmissiĂł de canals sense fil i els cristalls del receptor. Esta tesi tambĂ© analitza la metodologia adoptada i presenta els resultats de l'execuciĂł. Es presenta el rendiment del receptor i es compara amb els obtinguts per mitjĂ de simulacions.
D'altra banda, esta tesi tambĂ© presenta l'arquitectura i els algorismes d'un receptor de DVB-S2 de cara a la seua implementaciĂł en ASIC. No obstant aixĂČ, a diferĂšncia del receptor ISDB-T, nomĂ©s s'introdueixen resultats preliminars d'implementaciĂł en ASIC. AixĂČ es va fer principalment amb la finalitat de tenir una estimaciĂł primerenca de la zona de dau per demostrar que el projecte en ASIC Ă©s econĂČmicament viable, aixĂ com per verificar possibles errors en l'etapa primerenca. Com en el cas del receptor ISDB-T, este receptor es basa molt en l'algorisme CORDIC i va ser un prototip de FPGA. La metodologia utilitzada per al segon receptor es deriva de la utilitzada per al receptor IRodrigues De Lima, E. (2016). Architecture and algorithms for the implementation of digital wireless receivers in FPGA and ASIC: ISDB-T and DVB-S2 cases [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat PolitĂšcnica de ValĂšncia. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/61967TESI
Performance evaluation of DVB-S2X over satellite channels
Esposizione del funzionamento generale dello standard DVB-S2X, e delle componenti principali di un canale di comunicazione satellitare. Valutazione delle prestazioni dello standard DVB-S2X su modelli di canale satellitare. Analisi della probabilitĂ d'errore sul pacchetto su diversi MODCOD, e della loro efficienza spettrale. Confronto delle prestazioni di due tipi di filtri per la trasmissione con diversi roll-off, quelli esaminati sono 20% e 5
Satellite Channel Impairments: link performace degradation and countermeasures
Le forme dâonda introdotte nel DVB-S2 promettono il raggiungimento di efficienze spettrali prossime al limite di Shannon. Tuttavia, gli impairments tipici del canale satellitare degradano inevitabilmente le prestazioni nominali, definite sul canale AWGN. In questo lavoro, lâimpatto delle non-linearitĂ tipiche della catena di trasmissione satellitare viene valutato quantitativamente, attraverso metodi numerici. Si esplora Inoltre il guadagno ottenibile attraverso tecniche di predistorsion
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Interoperability of wireless communication technologies in hybrid networks: Evaluation of end-to-end interoperability issues and quality of service requirements
This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.Hybrid Networks employing wireless communication technologies have nowadays brought closer the vision of communication âanywhere, any time with anyoneâ. Such communication technologies consist of various standards, protocols, architectures, characteristics, models, devices, modulation and coding techniques. All these different technologies naturally may share some common characteristics, but there are also many important differences. New advances in these technologies are emerging very rapidly, with the advent of new models, characteristics, protocols and architectures. This rapid evolution imposes many challenges and issues to be addressed, and of particular importance are the interoperability issues of the following wireless technologies: Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) IEEE802.11, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) IEEE 802.16, Single Channel per Carrier (SCPC), Digital Video Broadcasting of Satellite (DVB-S/DVB-S2), and Digital Video Broadcasting Return Channel through Satellite (DVB-RCS). Due to the differences amongst wireless technologies, these technologies do not generally interoperate easily with each other because of various interoperability and Quality of Service (QoS) issues.
The aim of this study is to assess and investigate end-to-end interoperability issues and QoS requirements, such as bandwidth, delays, jitter, latency, packet loss, throughput, TCP performance, UDP performance, unicast and multicast services and availability, on hybrid wireless communication networks (employing both satellite broadband and terrestrial wireless technologies).
The thesis provides an introduction to wireless communication technologies followed by a review of previous research studies on Hybrid Networks (both satellite and terrestrial wireless technologies, particularly Wi-Fi, WiMAX, DVB-RCS, and SCPC). Previous studies have discussed Wi-Fi, WiMAX, DVB-RCS, SCPC and 3G technologies and their standards as well as their properties and characteristics, such as operating frequency, bandwidth, data rate, basic configuration, coverage, power, interference, social issues, security problems, physical and MAC layer design and development issues. Although some previous studies provide valuable contributions to this area of research, they are limited to link layer characteristics, TCP performance, delay, bandwidth, capacity, data rate, and throughput. None of the studies cover all aspects of end-to-end interoperability issues and QoS requirements; such as bandwidth, delay, jitter, latency, packet loss, link performance, TCP and UDP performance, unicast and multicast performance, at end-to-end level, on Hybrid wireless networks.
Interoperability issues are discussed in detail and a comparison of the different technologies and protocols was done using appropriate testing tools, assessing various performance measures including: bandwidth, delay, jitter, latency, packet loss, throughput and availability testing. The standards, protocol suite/ models and architectures for Wi-Fi, WiMAX, DVB-RCS, SCPC, alongside with different platforms and applications, are discussed and compared. Using a robust approach, which includes a new testing methodology and a generic test plan, the testing was conducted using various realistic test scenarios on real networks, comprising variable numbers and types of nodes. The data, traces, packets, and files were captured from various live scenarios and sites. The test results were analysed in order to measure and compare the characteristics of wireless technologies, devices, protocols and applications.
The motivation of this research is to study all the end-to-end interoperability issues and Quality of Service requirements for rapidly growing Hybrid Networks in a comprehensive and systematic way.
The significance of this research is that it is based on a comprehensive and systematic investigation of issues and facts, instead of hypothetical ideas/scenarios or simulations, which informed the design of a test methodology for empirical data gathering by real network testing, suitable for the measurement of hybrid network single-link or end-to-end issues using proven test tools.
This systematic investigation of the issues encompasses an extensive series of tests measuring delay, jitter, packet loss, bandwidth, throughput, availability, performance of audio and video session, multicast and unicast performance, and stress testing. This testing covers most common test scenarios in hybrid networks and gives recommendations in achieving good end-to-end interoperability and QoS in hybrid networks.
Contributions of study include the identification of gaps in the research, a description of interoperability issues, a comparison of most common test tools, the development of a generic test plan, a new testing process and methodology, analysis and network design recommendations for end-to-end interoperability issues and QoS requirements. This covers the complete cycle of this research.
It is found that UDP is more suitable for hybrid wireless network as compared to TCP, particularly for the demanding applications considered, since TCP presents significant problems for multimedia and live traffic which requires strict QoS requirements on delay, jitter, packet loss and bandwidth. The main bottleneck for satellite communication is the delay of approximately 600 to 680 ms due to the long distance factor (and the finite speed of light) when communicating over geostationary satellites.
The delay and packet loss can be controlled using various methods, such as traffic classification, traffic prioritization, congestion control, buffer management, using delay compensator, protocol compensator, developing automatic request technique, flow scheduling, and bandwidth allocation
Transmitting television signal via fiber optics
HlavnĂm cĂlem tĂ©to prĂĄce je teoretickĂĄ analĂœza pĆenosovĂ©ho DVB TV signĂĄlu prostĆednictvĂm optickĂœch vlĂĄken, analĂœza sĂtÄ CATV a modulaÄnĂ techniky pro jejĂ pĆenos. PrvnĂ ÄĂĄstĂ tĂ©to prĂĄce je zavedenĂ ĆĄĂĆenĂ signĂĄlĆŻ v optickĂœch vlĂĄknech a pasivnĂch souÄĂĄstech optickĂœch sĂtĂ, nĂĄsledovanĂ© obecnĂœmi informacemi o digitĂĄlnĂm rozhlasovĂ©m vysĂlĂĄnĂ, sĂtĂ CATV a modulaÄnĂm formĂĄtu pro jejich pĆenos. V druhĂ© ÄĂĄsti, kterĂĄ se nazĂœvĂĄ praktickĂĄ ÄĂĄst, vysvÄtluje vĂœsledek mÄĆenĂ, kterĂœ se sklĂĄdĂĄ ze srovnĂĄnĂ rĆŻznĂœch mÄĆicĂch parametrĆŻ, jako jsou "Power SIGNAL", "C / N", "KanĂĄlovĂœ vĂœkon" pro rozdĂlnĂ© dĂ©lky optickĂœch vlĂĄken.The main goal of this thesis is theoretical analysis of transmission DVB TV signal via optical fiber, analysis of CATV network and modulation technique used for its transmission. The first part of this thesisis about introduction of propagation of signals in optical fiber and passive components of a fiber optic network, followed by general information about Digital Video Broadcasting, CATV network and modulation format for its transmission. In the second part, which is called practical part, explains our measurement's result, that consists of comparison of different measurement parameters such as âPower SIGNALâ, âC/Nâ, âChannel Powerâ for difference lengths of Fiber Optics.