Bar Exam Primer Workshop for 2Ls

https://larc.cardozo.yu.edu/flyers-2021-2022/1010/thumbnail.jp

Stable gene transformation in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) using particle gun method

We investigated the possibility of transforming and obtaining transgenic cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L Walp) plants using the particle bombardment process. Meristematic explants that could give rise to whole fertile plants were used in transformation experiments with reporter and selectable marker genes driven by a 35S CaMV promoter. Conditions for optimal delivery of DNA to explants were established based on transient gus expression assays two days after bombardment. The size of microcarriers, microflight distance and helium pressure significantly affected transient expression of reporter genes. A total of 1692 explants were bombarded with DNA-coated particles and placed on 3 mg/l bialaphos selective medium. Only 12 regenerated shoots produced seeds eventually, and all were Gus negative even though 7 gave positive PCR signals with the bar primer. Eight out of 1400 seeds from To plants were GUS positive. DNA from eight of the GUS positive seedlings were amplified with both the gus and bar primers in PCR analysis but only two gave a positive Southern signal. Only two of the 3557 T2 seedlings obtained were GUS positive. However, 3 seedlings survived Basta spray. The two GUS positive and 3 Basta surviving seedlings gave positive Southern hybridisation signals. Twelve T3 seedlings from these were GUS positive and also gave positive Southern hybridisation signals. The positive reaction of T1, T2 and T3 seedlings under Southern analysis confirms the stable integration of introduced genes and the transfer of such genes to progenies. However, the level of expression of introduced genes in cowpea cells is very low and this accounted for the high mortality rate of progenies under Basta spray

A JWST investigation into the bar fraction at redshifts 1 < z < 3

The presence of a stellar bar in a disc galaxy indicates that the galaxy hosts a dynamically settled disc and that bar-driven processes are taking place in shaping the evolution of the galaxy. Studying the cosmic evolution of the bar fraction in disc galaxies is therefore essential to understand galaxy evolution in general. Previous studies have found, using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), that the bar fraction significantly declines from the local Universe to redshifts near one. Using the first four pointings from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey (CEERS) and the initial public observations for the Public Release Imaging for Extragalactic Research (PRIMER), we extend the studies on the bar fraction in disc galaxies to redshifts $1 \leq z \leq 3$, i.e., for the first time beyond redshift two. We only use galaxies that are also present in the Cosmic Assembly Near-IR Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) on the Extended Groth Strip (EGS) and Ultra Deep Survey (UDS) HST observations. An optimised sample of 768 close-to-face-on galaxies is visually classified to find the fraction of bars in disc galaxies in two redshift bins: $1 \leq z \leq 2$ and $2 < z \leq 3$. The bar fraction decreases from $\sim 18.9^{+ 9.7}_{- 9.4}$ per cent to $\sim 6.6^{+ 7.1}_{- 5.9}$ per cent (from the lower to the higher redshift bin), but is $\sim 3 - 4$ times greater than the bar fraction found in previous studies using bluer HST filters. Our results show that bar-driven evolution commences at early cosmic times and that dynamically settled discs are already present at a lookback time of $\sim 11$ Gyrs.Comment: Submitted to MNRAS. 15 pages, 10 figures. Figure 6 and 7 summarises the main result

A post-labeling method for multiplexed and multicolored genotyping analysis of SSR, indel and SNP markers in single tube with bar-coded split tag (BStag)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Genotyping analysis using capillary DNA sequencing with fluorescently labeled primer pairs obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is widely used, but is expensive. The post-PCR labeling method using fluorescently labeled short oligonucleotides and nested PCR of the amplified product obtained from unlabeled primer pairs is a simple and inexpensive alternative. However, previously reported protocols often produced spurious peaks or inconsistent amplification under multiplexed analysis as a result of simultaneous progress of both the amplification and labeling reactions and local homology of the attached tag sequence.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A set of 16 bp-long oligonucleotide sequences termed bar-coded split tag (BStag), comprising a common basal region, a three-nucleotide 'bar-code' sequence, and a mismatched nucleotide at the middle position were designed for selective post-PCR labeling. The BStag was attached at the 5' end of the forward primer of interest. The melting temperature of the BStag was low enough to separate the labeling reaction from initial PCR amplification, and each sequence was minimally divergent but maintained maximum selectivity. Post-PCR labeling of the amplified product was achieved by extending for three cycles at a lower annealing temperature after the conventional amplification program with the appropriate fluorescently labeled BStag primer. No amplification was confirmed with BStag primers for 12 plant species. The electropherogram of the labeled product obtained using this method was consistent with that of prelabeled primer, except for their apparent size.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>BStag enabled multiplexed post-PCR labeling of simple sequence repeat or insertion/deletion markers with different dyes in a single tube. BStag in conjunction with locus specific oligo and allele specific oligo was also useful for single nucleotide polymorphism analysis. The labeling protocol was simple and no additional operation was required. Single-tube multiplexed post-PCR labeling is useful for a wide variety of genotyping studies with maximal flexibility and minimal costs.</p

Evaluation of alfalfa varieties in the province of Salamanca

XLV Reunión Científica de la SEEP (Sesión: Producción Vegetal)Se realiza un estudio comparativo de 26 variedades registradas de alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), cultivadas en regadío en la provincia de Salamanca, evaluando la producción y contenido de proteína bruta. El primer año del experimento se realizaron cuatro cortes, siendo la producción en el primer corte significativamente más baja que en el resto. La producción total anual oscila entre 8160 kg ha-1 en la variedad “Baraka” y 10109 kg ha-1 en “Bar MS 82439”, con un valor medio sobre todas las variedades de 9370 kg ha-1. El contenido de proteína bruta oscila entre 19,30% en la variedad “Almar” y 23,47% en la variedad “Aragón”.{ENG}Dry matter production and protein content were evaluated in 26 alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties grown under irrigation in the province of Salamanca. In the first year four harvests were made. The dry matter production of the first haverst was the lowest. The annual dry matter production ranged between 8160 kg ha-1 in “Baraka” and 10109 kg ha-1 in “Bar MS 82439”, with a mean value across varieties of 9370 kg ha-1. The protein content ranged between 19.30% in “Almar” and 23.47% in “Aragón” variety.Este trabajo ha sido realizado con financiación del Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (AGL2002-02766 AGR-FOR

Analysis the Effect of Size Variation and Spraying Pressure of Steel Grit on Corrosion Rate of Astm A36 Steel Materials

ASTM A36 steel is a steel commonly used in shipbuilding construction. The property of steel that is highly avoided is susceptible to corrosion or  corrosive which can reduce the strength of the structure. Over time, technology has developed, and methods have been found to inhibit the rapid rate of corrosion, coating process is one of them. The success rate of coating process is also strongly influenced by the surface preparation process. The surface preparation process in this study was by differentiating the size variations of the SG18, SG25, and SG40 steel grit abrasive materials and the spraying pressure of the 5 bar, 6 bar, and 7 bar abrasive materials and the provision of scratch defects on the specimens that had been coated with epoxy primer paint. The purpose of the research conducted was to analyze variations in  size of the abrasive material, the spraying pressure of  the abrasive material, and which combination of variations is the best for specimens  considered to have been scratched. In each variation, the value of the corrosion rate will be  increased when the size of the material increased and the value of the corrosion rate increases when the spraying pressure decreases. The results obtained from this study indicate that the lowest corrosion rate value is 0.0027 mmpy with the outstanding category of the variation used, which is grit SG40 steel abrasive material and at a pressure of 7 bar

Pengembangan Marka Molekular untuk Karakterisasi Varietas Anggrek Tanah Unggul (Spathoglottis) Hasil Poliploidisasi dengan Kolkisin

Characterization of Spathoglottis has not been observed yet especially in determination of genetic relationship and identification of colchisine-induced polyploid orchid. The aim of this research was to study about characterization of fingerprinting molecular mark in DNA Barcode profiling of Polyploid Anggrek Tanah (Spatholgottis sp.) and fenetic relationship of polyploid orchid with superior hybrid soil orchid (Spatholgottis sp.). The method of this research is collecting the orchid, germinating orchid seed, colchisine-induced PLB orchid, making simply buffer DNA isolation, genome DNA isolation, quantitative test of genome DNA, qualitative test of genome DNA, liquidity DNA genom, liquidity RAPD primer, PCR Random Amplified Polimorphism DNA (RAPD) of Orchid DNA, electrophoresis of PCR-RAPD, polymorphism RAPD , Dendogram RAPD analysis, dan creating Orchid DNA barcode. Based on the result known that RAPD molecular method could be used in detection of polyploid Spathoglottis sp. with OPAW11 primer. Electroforegram could be made as DNA bar-coding for Spathoglottis sp. that also could be used to to trace the origin orchids from Indonesia