Strategy development for object-oriented multiblock grid generation and adaptation to complex geometries

The first part of the thesis deals with the strategy development for multiblock structured grid generation to complex geometries. Based on the grid generation practices over years, a set of grid construction rules is developed to provide the CFD engineer an object-oriented method for grid design. The essential core of the object-oriented method is to decompose a complex meshing task into a set of sub-tasks, which are treated individually at a lower level of both geometry and topology. The grid construction rules cover the questions of dealing with selection of meshing direction, generation of surface description and block topology building. To explain this grid design method, an example, dealing with a highly complex geometry, is demonstrated. The second part of the thesis deals with the strategy development for multiblock structured grid adaptation. Since a grid can be adapted with or without a flow solution, the terminologies passive and active grid adaptation are introduced to describe a solution-dependent or a solution-independent grid adaptation. Passive grid adaptation is performed by generating adequate block topologies, such that a local enrichment of grid points can be achieved. It consists of three concepts: one-dimensional clustering of grid lines, block encapsulation, and smart block. The method for solution-dependent grid adaptation is developed based on the idea of grid optimization. A grid is adapted by minimization of objective functions, in which relations among weight functions and grid line distribution are formulated. The measures for grid quality, such as smoothness, cell aspect ratio, and orthogonality, are formulated as control terms of the objective functions to improve grid quality. In addition, a concept of smart cell used for solution-dependent grid adaptation is proposed in this thesis

DESAIN KOLAM PEREDAM ENERGI BENDUNG PLAOSAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG

Hydraulic aspect of the weir is important factors in planning a stilling basin. Remaining energy on the stilling basin is expected to be as minimal as possible so that scour does not occur on the river bed. Plaosan Weir does not yet have a stiiling basin structure. Therefore it is necessary to recommend the design of stiliing basin.The analysis carried out hydrological analysis, including calculating return period rainfall, flood discharge (Q) using the Haspers method, and calculating Froude number (Fr) to determine pond type. Based on the recommendations for the type of stilling basin, a building design is carried out and also stability of design..From the results of calculation it is obtained that 50-year return period rainfall is 108.68 mm. Planned discharge for 50 years is 186.06 m3/s, and froude number : 4. The appropriate type of stilling basin is USBR Type IV. The pond is planned to have a length of L = 17 m, with a block face width of 0.68 m, height of 1.36 m, distance between front blocks of 1.69 m and total of 13 pieces. The results of stability control analysis during normal water conditions and flood water conditions produce values above the safety factor so that it can be concluded that the design is planned qualify

Geometrically-constrained, parasitic-aware synthesis of analog ICs

In order to speed up the design process of analog ICs, iterations between different design stages should be avoided as much as possible. More specifically, spins between electrical and physical synthesis should be reduced for this is a very time-consuming task: if circuit performance including layout-induced degradations proves unacceptable, a re-design cycle must be entered, and electrical, physical, or both synthesis processes, would have to be repeated. It is also worth noting that if geometric optimization (e.g., area minimization) is undertaken after electrical synthesis, it may add up as another source of unexpected degradation of the circuit performance due to the impact of the geometric variables (e.g., transistor folds) on the device and the routing parasitic values. This awkward scenario is caused by the complete separation of said electrical and physical synthesis, a design practice commonly followed so far. Parasitic-aware synthesis, consisting in including parasitic estimates to the circuit netlist directly during electrical synthesis, has been proposed as solution. While most of the reported contributions either tackle parasitic-aware synthesis without paying special attention to geometric optimization or approach both issues only partially, this paper addresses the problem in a unified way. In what has been called layout-aware electrical synthesis, a simulation-based optimization algorithm explores the design space with geometric variables constrained to meet certain user-defined goals, which provides reliable estimates of layout-induced parasitics at each iteration, and, thereby, accurate evaluation of the circuit ultimate performance. This technique, demonstrated here through several design examples, requires knowing layout details beforehand; to facilitate this, procedural layout generation is used as physical synthesis approach due to its rapidness and ability to capture analog layout know-how.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TEC2004-0175

Climate Assessment of Orientation Design in the Housing Master Plan Close to the Airport

Abstract— This study is a continuation research of Sustainable Master plan Design in Residential Area Near the Airport which was previously conducted. In that study, it has been known that the angles of 135° and 180° towards the runway are the most effective angles which can reduce noise emitted from the airport. For reviewing the climate aspects, models are fitted in those angles, and then the observation of climatic aspects such as: temperature, humidity and wind speed should be conducted to review their influence to noise received by inhabitants. The research methods used were polynomial regressions of goniometric. And the results are correlation models of noise level to temperature, humidity and wind speed

Self Assembly of Soft Matter Quasicrystals and Their Approximants

The surprising recent discoveries of quasicrystals and their approximants in soft matter systems poses the intriguing possibility that these structures can be realized in a broad range of nano- and micro-scale assemblies. It has been theorized that soft matter quasicrystals and approximants are largely entropically stabilized, but the thermodynamic mechanism underlying their formation remains elusive. Here, we use computer simulation and free energy calculations to demonstrate a simple design heuristic for assembling quasicrystals and approximants in soft matter systems. Our study builds on previous simulation studies of the self-assembly of dodecagonal quasicrystals and approximants in minimal systems of spherical particles with complex, highly-specific interaction potentials. We demonstrate an alternative entropy-based approach for assembling dodecagonal quasicrystals and approximants based solely on particle functionalization and shape, thereby recasting the interaction-potential-based assembly strategy in terms of simpler-to-achieve bonded and excluded-volume interactions. Here, spherical building blocks are functionalized with mobile surface entities to encourage the formation of structures with low surface contact area, including non-close-packed and polytetrahedral structures. The building blocks also possess shape polydispersity, where a subset of the building blocks deviate from the ideal spherical shape, discouraging the formation of close-packed crystals. We show that three different model systems with both of these features -- mobile surface entities and shape polydispersity -- consistently assemble quasicrystals and/or approximants. We argue that this design strategy can be widely exploited to assemble quasicrystals and approximants on the nano- and micro- scales. In addition, our results further elucidate the formation of soft matter quasicrystals in experiment.Comment: 12 pages 6 figure

Cob Property Analysis

The goal of this project was to research the material properties of the green building material COB in order to better understand how to apply COB in real world applications. The research portion included soil analysis, compression, modulus of rupture and elasticity tests, hydrometer analysis, and atterberg limits tests. Additionally, through a partnership with the professionals of the COB Research Institute team and another COB-centric senior design group, this team was able to produce the first full-scale wall tests for COB. Four 7-foot walls were constructed and in-plane lateral cyclic loading was applied to create the effects of a COB structure under lateral loading. The results of the full-scale tests are in the process of being incorporated in the entry for COB into the California Residential Code, with a recommendation given for the reinforcing design that performed the best, through allowable load and deflection calculations. Finally, the team used a sample footprint for a simple house to develop structural house components for a COB structure that could benefit COB application in the real world. The simulated application of COB is helping the COB Research Institute formulate their submittal and ultimately provide a jumping off point for further research of this nature. The ultimate goal was to spread awareness of sustainable building practices and make them more accessible to the general public

Solar access assessment in dense urban environments: the effect of intersections in an urban canyon

The urban canyon model has been recurrently used as a basis for many solar access studies. However, its conception as endless structures disregards the effect of street intersections, despite being characteristic elements of urban fabrics. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of street discontinuities on solar access over building façades. The potential of crossings to increase the available radiation has been assessed through computer simulations in dense urban environments in a Mediterranean location. For the cases studied, results show that local effects of an intersection almost disappear beyond a speci¿c distance for each aspect ratio, which can be helpful to determine the suitable level of detail for solar analyses at an urban fabric scale.Postprint (published version