An Intelligent Vertical Handover Scheme for Audio and Video Streaming in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks

In heterogeneous vehicular networks, the most challenging issue is obtaining an efficient vertical handover during the vehicle roaming process. Efficient network selection process can achieve satisfactory Quality of Service for ongoing applications. In this paper, we propose an Intelligent Network Selection (INS) scheme based on maximization scoring function to efficiently rank available wireless network candidates. Three input parameters were utilized to develop a maximization scoring function that collected data from each network candidate during the selection process. These parameters are: Faded Signal-to-Noise Ratio, Residual Channel Capacity, and Connection Life Time. The results show that the proposed INS scheme is more efficient at decreasing handover delays, End-to-End delays for VoIP and Video applications, packet loss ratios as well as increasing the efficiency of network selection processes in comparison with the state of the arts.Sadiq, AS.; Abu Bakar, K.; Ghafoor, KZ.; Lloret, J.; Khokhar, R. (2013). An Intelligent Vertical Handover Scheme for Audio and Video Streaming in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks. Mobile Networks and Applications. 18(6):879-895. doi:10.1007/s11036-013-0465-8S879895186Chen YS, Cheng CH, Hsu CS, Chiu GM (2009) Network mobility protocol for vehicular ad hoc networks. In: Wireless communications and networking conference, IEEE, pp 1–6Ghafoor KZ, Abu Bakar K, Lee K, AL-Hashimi H (2010) A novel delay-and reliability-aware inter-vehicle routing protocol. 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Uma arquitetura experimental de serviços integrados para prover QoS em aplicações de Vídeo Conferência: [dissertação]

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação.Este trabalho apresenta uma arquitetura experimental de serviços integrados para prover QoS em aplicações de vídeo conferência. Para validar sua funcionalidade foram executados estudos teóricos sobre qualidade de serviço em redes IP, principalmente o modelo de serviços integrados e toda a problemática envolvida em medições de QoS. Foram também executados diversos experimentos com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia do modelo de serviços integrados para prover QoS em aplicações de vídeo conferência. Os experimentos avaliaram o comportamento do tráfego de vídeo conferência em redes com e sem congestionamento e com e sem qualidade de serviço. Em todos os experimentos, foram realizadas medições associadas ao atraso, à variação do atraso e a perda de pacotes. Os resultados obtidos comprovam a eficácia dos mecanismos de priorização de tráfego do modelo de serviços integrados, deixando bem claro que aplicações como as de vídeo conferência, precisam de mecanismos de priorização de tráfego para que possam funcionar perfeitamente

Context transfer support for mobility management in all-IP networks.

This thesis is a description of the research undertaken in the course of the PhD and evolves around a context transfer protocol which aims to complement and support mobility management in next generation mobile networks. Based on the literature review, it was identified that there is more to mobility management than handover management and the successful change of routing paths. Supportive mechanisms like fast handover, candidate access router discovery and context transfer can significantly contribute towards achieving seamless handover which is especially important in the case of real time services. The work focused on context transfer motivated by the fact that it could offer great benefits to session re-establishment during the handover operation of a mobile user and preliminary testbed observations illustrated the need for achieving this. Context transfer aims to minimize the impact of certain transport, routing, security-related services on the handover performance. When a mobile node (MN) moves to a new subnet it needs to continue such services that have already been established at the previous subnet. Examples of such services include AAA profile, IPsec state, header compression, QoS policy etc. Re-establishing these services at the new subnet will require a considerable amount of time for the protocol exchanges and as a result time- sensitive real-time traffic will suffer during this time. By transferring state to the new domain candidate services will be quickly re-established. This would also contribute to the seamless operation of application streams and could reduce susceptibility to errors. Furthermore, re-initiation to and from the mobile node will be avoided hence wireless bandwidth efficiency will be conserved. In this research an extension to mobility protocols was proposed for supporting state forwarding capabilities. The idea of forwarding states was also explored for remotely reconfiguring middleboxes to avoid any interruption of a mobile users' sessions or services. Finally a context transfer module was proposed to facilitate the integration of such a mechanism in next generation architectures. The proposals were evaluated analytically, via simulations or via testbed implementation depending on the scenario investigated. The results demonstrated that the proposed solutions can minimize the impact of security services like authentication, authorization and firewalls on a mobile user's multimedia sessions and thus improving the overall handover performance

A Unified Mobility Management Architecture for Interworked Heterogeneous Mobile Networks

The buzzword of this decade has been convergence: the convergence of telecommunications, Internet, entertainment, and information technologies for the seamless provisioning of multimedia services across different network types. Thus the future Next Generation Mobile Network (NGMN) can be envisioned as a group of co-existing heterogeneous mobile data networking technologies sharing a common Internet Protocol (IP) based backbone. In such all-IP based heterogeneous networking environments, ongoing sessions from roaming users are subjected to frequent vertical handoffs across network boundaries. Therefore, ensuring uninterrupted service continuity during session handoffs requires successful mobility and session management mechanisms to be implemented in these participating access networks. Therefore, it is essential for a common interworking framework to be in place for ensuring seamless service continuity over dissimilar networks to enable a potential user to freely roam from one network to another. For the best of our knowledge, the need for a suitable unified mobility and session management framework for the NGMN has not been successfully addressed as yet. This can be seen as the primary motivation of this research. Therefore, the key objectives of this thesis can be stated as: To propose a mobility-aware novel architecture for interworking between heterogeneous mobile data networks To propose a framework for facilitating unified real-time session management (inclusive of session establishment and seamless session handoff) across these different networks. In order to achieve the above goals, an interworking architecture is designed by incorporating the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) as the coupling mediator between dissipate mobile data networking technologies. Subsequently, two different mobility management frameworks are proposed and implemented over the initial interworking architectural design. The first mobility management framework is fully handled by the IMS at the Application Layer. This framework is primarily dependant on the IMS’s default session management protocol, which is the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). The second framework is a combined method based on SIP and the Mobile IP (MIP) protocols, which is essentially operated at the Network Layer. An analytical model is derived for evaluating the proposed scheme for analyzing the network Quality of Service (QoS) metrics and measures involved in session mobility management for the proposed mobility management frameworks. More precisely, these analyzed QoS metrics include vertical handoff delay, transient packet loss, jitter, and signaling overhead/cost. The results of the QoS analysis indicates that a MIP-SIP based mobility management framework performs better than its predecessor, the Pure-SIP based mobility management method. Also, the analysis results indicate that the QoS performances for the investigated parameters are within acceptable levels for real-time VoIP conversations. An OPNET based simulation platform is also used for modeling the proposed mobility management frameworks. All simulated scenarios prove to be capable of performing successful VoIP session handoffs between dissimilar networks whilst maintaining acceptable QoS levels. Lastly, based on the findings, the contributions made by this thesis can be summarized as: The development of a novel framework for interworked heterogeneous mobile data networks in a NGMN environment. The final design conveniently enables 3G cellular technologies (such as the Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems (UMTS) or Code Division Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA2000) type systems), Wireless Local Area Networking (WLAN) technologies, and Wireless Metropolitan Area Networking (WMAN) technologies (e.g., Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) systems such as WiMAX) to interwork under a common signaling platform. The introduction of a novel unified/centralized mobility and session management platform by exploiting the IMS as a universal coupling mediator for real-time session negotiation and management. This enables a roaming user to seamlessly handoff sessions between different heterogeneous networks. As secondary outcomes of this thesis, an analytical framework and an OPNET simulation framework are developed for analyzing vertical handoff performance. This OPNET simulation platform is suitable for commercial use

Mecanismos de mobilidade rápida com suporte de QdS

Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesA área das redes de comunicações está, neste momento, a deparar-se com um novo paradigma causado pela tendência de convergência de redes sem fios e celulares. Desta convergência resultará a existência de uma camada de rede integradora, para facilitar o suporte de mecanismos de Qualidade de Serviço e mobilidade. Aqui, o suporte de mobilidade rápida e transparente, sem ser perceptível pelo utilizador, tem sido alvo de muita atenção, apesar de ainda existirem algumas limitações no seu suporte. A mobilidade transparente entre redes celulares, sem fios e fixas, é ambicionada mas ainda não foi alcançada. O trabalho realizado nesta Dissertação consiste na descrição, especificação, implementação e teste de uma nova arquitectura de mobilidade sobre o protocolo IP. Esta arquitectura é baseada no protocolo de mobilidade Mobility Support for IPv6 e em extensões de Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6, sendo capaz de efectuar handovers iniciados pelo terminal e pela rede. A mobilidade é transparente entre tecnologias de acesso heterogéneas, através da integração de mecanismos de qualidade de serviço, tais como autorização de handovers, controlo de acesso, reserva e atribuição de recursos no novo ponto de ligação e também integrada com subsistemas de autenticação. São também propostos outros mecanismos de mobilidade rápida que fazem uso do protocolo multicast para distribuir os fluxos de tráfego direccionados ao terminal, pelos routers de acesso vizinhos, permitindo que os terminais móveis mudem para qualquer router de acesso na vizinhança sem interrupção dos serviços em curso. Estes mecanismos foram projectados para terminais móveis com grandes requisitos de mobilidade. No âmbito do projecto IST Daidalos foi efectuada a integração de uma rede de próxima geração (4G) de forma a permitir a realização de testes de desempenho e conformidade aos mecanismos propostos. A presente Dissertação efectua uma avaliação de desempenho de uma arquitectura de mobilidade, em cenários intra- e inter-tecnologia, numa rede de testes real. Nesta avaliação foram utilizadas as métricas de atraso, jitter e perdas de pacotes nas fases de preparação e execução do handover. O impacto deste processo em comunicações de dados sobre TCP e UDP é também analisado. A arquitectura e os resultados obtidos no demonstrador real são apresentados e discutidos. ABSTRACT: The field of network communications is, nowadays, facing a new paradigm caused by the forthcoming convergence of cellular and wireless data networks, which seems unavoidable. This convergence will result on an integration layer, to ease the support for Quality of Service and mobility mechanisms. Here, the support for fast and seamless mobility, not perceptible by the user, has been getting much attention, although several limitations still exist in this support. Seamless mobility between cellular, wireless and wired data networks is envisioned, but not yet achieved. The work performed in the scope of this thesis aims to describe, specify, implement and test a novel mobility architecture based on the IP protocol. This architecture is based on the mobility protocol Mobility Support for IPv6 and on extensions of Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6 RFCs, and is able to provide mobile terminal and network initiated handovers. The mobility is seamless across heterogeneous access technologies, by integrating Quality of Service mechanisms, such as handover authorization, access control, resources reservation and allocation at the new point of attachment, also integrated with an authentication sub-system. Other novel fast mobility mechanisms are also proposed, which make use of the multicast protocol to distribute the traffic flows directed to the terminal during the handover process among the neighbour access routers, allowing the terminal to handover to any access router in the vicinity without disruption of the ongoing services. These latter mechanisms were designed to mobile terminals with high mobility requirements. In the scope of the IST Daidalos framework an integration process of a next generation (4G) network was carried out in order to perform performance and compliance tests to the proposed mechanisms. Furthermore, this thesis also evaluates the performance of a mobility architecture, both in intra and intertechnology scenarios, in a real testbed. In this evaluation were considered metrics such as packet delay, jitter and loss of the handover in its preparation and execution phases. The impact of the handover on ongoing TCP and UDP data communications is also addressed. The architecture and results obtained from the real demonstrator are also presented and discussed

Architecture for mobility and QoS support in all-IP wireless networks

[[abstract]]Mobility management and quality-of-service (QoS) provisioning are the important tasks on the future development of wireless networks. The high host mobility makes these tasks more challenging. In this paper, we propose an architecture which supports both mobility and QoS management in Internet protocol (IP)-based wireless networks. In mobility management, the fast handoff, which the packets are forwarded in advance to the neighboring locations where a mobile node (MN) may move to, is provided to reduce the service disruption. Also, the fast location lookup, which the routing information about a MN is replicated to some routers, is provided to avoid the triangular routing problem incurred by the protocol of mobile IP. In QoS provisioning, we enable the end-to-end QoS guarantee by using the resource reservation protocol (RSVP) signaling. In particular, the RSVP aggregation technique is used to avoid the scalability problem. Also, the technique of passive resource reservation is used to reduce the influence of host mobility on the resource reservation delay. We emphasize the integration of mobility and QoS management in the architecture design. A performance analysis is given to justify the benefits of our proposed architecture.[[fileno]]2030201010006[[department]]資訊工程學

Architecture for Mobility and QoS Support in All-IP Wireless Networks

[[abstract]]Mobility management and quality-of-service (QoS) provisioning are the important tasks on the future development of wireless networks. The high host mobility makes these tasks more challenging. In this paper, we propose an architecture which supports both mobility and QoS management in Internet protocol (IP)-based wireless networks. In mobility management, the fast handoff, which the packets are forwarded in advance to the neighboring locations where a mobile node (MN) may move to, is provided to reduce the service disruption. Also, the fast location lookup, which the routing information about a MN is replicated to some routers, is provided to avoid the triangular routing problem incurred by the protocol of mobile IP. In QoS provisioning, we enable the end-to-end QoS guarantee by using the resource reservation protocol (RSVP) signaling. In particular, the RSVP aggregation technique is used to avoid the scalability problem. Also, the technique of passive resource reservation is used to reduce the influence of host mobility on the resource reservation delay. We emphasize the integration of mobility and QoS management in the architecture design. A performance analysis is given to justify the benefits of our proposed architecture.[[fileno]]2030201030089[[department]]資訊工程學