32 research outputs found
Quantitative analysis of properties and spatial relations of fuzzy image regions
Properties of objects and spatial relations between objects play an important role in rule-based approaches for high-level vision. The partial presence or absence of such properties and relationships can supply both positive and negative evidence for region labeling hypotheses. Similarly, fuzzy labeling of a region can generate new hypotheses pertaining to the properties of the region, its relation to the neighboring regions, and finally, the labels of the neighboring regions. In this paper, we present a unified methodology to characterize properties and spatial relationships of object regions in a digital image. The proposed methods can be used to arrive at more meaningful decisions about the contents of the scene
Rough matroids based on coverings
The introduction of covering-based rough sets has made a substantial
contribution to the classical rough sets. However, many vital problems in rough
sets, including attribution reduction, are NP-hard and therefore the algorithms
for solving them are usually greedy. Matroid, as a generalization of linear
independence in vector spaces, it has a variety of applications in many fields
such as algorithm design and combinatorial optimization. An excellent
introduction to the topic of rough matroids is due to Zhu and Wang. On the
basis of their work, we study the rough matroids based on coverings in this
paper. First, we investigate some properties of the definable sets with respect
to a covering. Specifically, it is interesting that the set of all definable
sets with respect to a covering, equipped with the binary relation of inclusion
, constructs a lattice. Second, we propose the rough matroids based
on coverings, which are a generalization of the rough matroids based on
relations. Finally, some properties of rough matroids based on coverings are
explored. Moreover, an equivalent formulation of rough matroids based on
coverings is presented. These interesting and important results exhibit many
potential connections between rough sets and matroids.Comment: 15page
Parametric matroid of rough set
Rough set is mainly concerned with the approximations of objects through an
equivalence relation on a universe. Matroid is a combinatorial generalization
of linear independence in vector spaces. In this paper, we define a parametric
set family, with any subset of a universe as its parameter, to connect rough
sets and matroids. On the one hand, for a universe and an equivalence relation
on the universe, a parametric set family is defined through the lower
approximation operator. This parametric set family is proved to satisfy the
independent set axiom of matroids, therefore it can generate a matroid, called
a parametric matroid of the rough set. Three equivalent representations of the
parametric set family are obtained. Moreover, the parametric matroid of the
rough set is proved to be the direct sum of a partition-circuit matroid and a
free matroid. On the other hand, since partition-circuit matroids were well
studied through the lower approximation number, we use it to investigate the
parametric matroid of the rough set. Several characteristics of the parametric
matroid of the rough set, such as independent sets, bases, circuits, the rank
function and the closure operator, are expressed by the lower approximation
number.Comment: 15 page
Extending Qualitative Spatial Theories with Emergent Spatial Concepts: An Automated Reasoning Approach
Qualitative Spatial Reasoning is an exciting research field of the
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning paradigm whose application often requires
the extension, refinement or combination of existent theories (as well as
the associated calculus). This paper addresses the issue of the sound spatial interpretation
of formal extensions of such theories; particularly the interpretation
of the extension and the desired representational features. The paper shows how
to interpret certain kinds of extensions of Region Connection Calculus (RCC)
theory. We also show how to rebuild the qualitative calculus of these extensions.Junta de AndalucÃa TIC-606
A unified theory of granularity, vagueness and approximation
Abstract: We propose a view of vagueness as a semantic property of names and predicates. All entities are crisp, on this semantic view, but there are, for each vague name, multiple portions of reality that are equally good candidates for being its referent, and, for each vague predicate, multiple classes of objects that are equally good candidates for being its extension. We provide a new formulation of these ideas in terms of a theory of granular partitions. We show that this theory provides a general framework within which we can understand the relation between vague terms and concepts and the corresponding crisp portions of reality. We also sketch how it might be possible to formulate within this framework a theory of vagueness which dispenses with the notion of truth-value gaps and other artifacts of more
familiar approaches. Central to our approach is the idea that judgments about reality involve in every case (1) a separation of reality into foreground and background of attention and (2) the feature of granularity. On this basis we attempt to show that even vague judgments made in naturally occurring contexts are not marked by truth-value indeterminacy. We distinguish, in addition to crisp granular partitions, also vague partitions, and reference partitions, and we explain the role of the latter in the context of judgments that involve vagueness. We conclude by showing how reference partitions provide an effective means by which judging subjects are able to temper the vagueness of their judgments by means of approximations
Grounding spatial relations in natural language by fuzzy representation for human-robot interaction
Additional file 1. Fourier coefficient decomposition for the first guess of the Newton’s method
Spatial analysis of suicide attack incidences in Kabul City
Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.In the last two decades, suicide bombings became quite common among some
communities in Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, USA, and a few African and
European countries. The modeling of reported suicide bombings has been the subject
of a few studies, but the pattern of incidents turned out to be difficult to assess.
Nevertheless, to uncover the bombing patterns in past incident locations is of major
importance because it can improve social security and save human lives. The Capital
city of Afghanistan, Kabul, has experienced on average around one suicide attack in
every month since 2001. The overall objective of this study is to characterize the
spatial and temporal patterns of suicide attacks in Kabul City.
This research primarily used last 5 years descriptive spatial information on suicide
attacks in Kabul that brought to public by some local and international news paper to
generate geographic point data. Suicide attack location points and potential target
group establishment point’s data analyzed separately to explore inherent spatial point
pattern in terms of intensity and interaction. Finally it analyzed spatial tendency
between suicide attack location points on target group establishment locations.
It has been explored that both suicide attack locations that occurred from year 2006 to
2010 within the urban habitat of Kabul and target group’s establishment locations are
characterized by inhomogeneous intensity and clustered interaction pattern at 98%
level of significance. Moreover, there is a tendency of choosing location for suicide
attacks close to target group’s establishment location. Finally some interesting
temporal characteristics of suicide attack incidences also presented in this study
A physical effort-based model for pedestrian movement in topographic urban environments
This paper presents a topography-sensitive cognitive model for analysis and prediction of pedestrian movement in urban settings. Topography affects visibility and therefore the spatial awareness of pedestrians. It also accentuates the role of physical effort during travel and route selection. The existing models fall short in their reference to these issues. A thorough description of the proposed model is followed by a validation - the model was tested against two existing models in three case studies in Haifa and Jerusalem, Israel. The proposed model outperformed the others in the steeper parts of the case studies. Future model development is discussed
Fuzzy qualitative trigonometry
AbstractThis paper presents a fuzzy qualitative representation of conventional trigonometry with the goal of bridging the gap between symbolic cognitive functions and numerical sensing & control tasks in the domain of physical systems, especially in intelligent robotics. Fuzzy qualitative coordinates are defined by replacing a unit circle with a fuzzy qualitative circle; a Cartesian translation and orientation are defined by their normalized fuzzy partitions. Conventional trigonometric functions, rules and the extensions to triangles in Euclidean space are converted into their counterparts in fuzzy qualitative coordinates using fuzzy logic and qualitative reasoning techniques. This approach provides a promising representation transformation interface to analyze general trigonometry-related physical systems from an artificial intelligence perspective.Fuzzy qualitative trigonometry has been implemented as a MATLAB toolbox named XTRIG in terms of 4-tuple fuzzy numbers. Examples are given throughout the paper to demonstrate the characteristics of fuzzy qualitative trigonometry. One of the examples focuses on robot kinematics and also explains how contributions could be made by fuzzy qualitative trigonometry to the intelligent connection of low-level sensing & control tasks to high-level cognitive tasks