A New Scheme for Zero Knowledge Proof based on Multivariate Quadratic Problem and Quaternion Algebra

This paper introduces a new intractable security problem whose intractability is due to the NP completeness of multivariate quadratic problem. This novel problem uses quaternion algebra in conjunction with MQ. Starting with the simultaneous multivariate equations, we transform these equations into simultaneous quaternion based multivariate quadratic equations. A new scheme for computational zero knowledge proof based on this problem is proposed. It is proved that according to black box definition of zero knowledge proof (ZKP) system, the proposed scheme is ZKP. Our proof has two lemmas. The proof is done through two lemmas. In the first lemma it is shown that expected polynomial time machine V * M halts in a polynomial time. In the second lemma, it is showed that the probability ensembles V x L M x * and x L P x , V * x are polynomially indistinguishable. The scheme has low computational overhead and is particularly useful in cryptographic applications such as digital signature and key agreement

Improving the exact security of digital signature schemes

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-30).by Leonid Reyzin.S.M

Architectures of the third cloud : distributed, mobile, and pervasive systems design

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-125).In recent years, we have seen the proliferation of ubiquitous computers invading our public and private spaces. While personal computing is unfolding to become mobile activity, it rarely crosses the boundary of our personal devices, using the public interactive infrastructure as a substrate. This thesis develops an approach to interoperability and modular composition in the design of ubiquitous devices and systems. The focus is placed on the relationship between mobile devices and public infrastructure, in particular how a device with access to information about its physical and social context can dynamically configure and extend functionality of its cooperative environment to augment its interactive user experience. Based on Internet concepts of connectivity utility and resource utility, we derive the concept of interaction utility which we call the Third Cloud. Two complementary systems designs and implementations are presented to support this vision of computing. Substrate is an authoring framework and an execution environment intended to provide the necessary language and tools to easily compose self-operable applications capable of dynamically instantiate desired functionality in their proximate environment. The Amulet is a discrete portable device able to act on behalf of its user in a multitude of contexts. We evaluate the power and flexibility of these systems by using them in the construction of two applications. In the final chapter, we compare our approach with alternative ways of building such applications and suggest how our work can be extended.by David Gauthier.S.M

Research Philosophy of Modern Cryptography

Proposing novel cryptography schemes (e.g., encryption, signatures, and protocols) is one of the main research goals in modern cryptography. In this paper, based on more than 800 research papers since 1976 that we have surveyed, we introduce the research philosophy of cryptography behind these papers. We use ``benefits and ``novelty as the keywords to introduce the research philosophy of proposing new schemes, assuming that there is already one scheme proposed for a cryptography notion. Next, we introduce how benefits were explored in the literature and we have categorized the methodology into 3 ways for benefits, 6 types of benefits, and 17 benefit areas. As examples, we introduce 40 research strategies within these benefit areas that were invented in the literature. The introduced research strategies have covered most cryptography schemes published in top-tier cryptography conferences

Nuevo marco de autenticación para tarjetas inteligentes en red. Aplicación al pago electrónico en entornos inalámbricos

En la actualidad, la importancia de la seguridad de la Información y de las Comunicaciones resulta incuestionable. En este contexto, la relevancia de la autenticación fiable entre entidades queda también patente en una diversidad de aspectos cotidianos. Por sus cualidades y ventajas como módulo criptográfico, la tarjeta inteligente ha desarrollado un papel fundamental en la autenticación de usuarios. Esta tesis doctoral estudia el proceso de transformación que está atravesando actualmente y que la convierte en un equipo con conectividad a la red, dentro de la Nueva Generación de Tarjetas Inteligentes. De esta evolución, resultan una variedad de implicaciones, que se expanden transversalmente desde el momento que dicha tarjeta se integra en la red. En el presente trabajo se trata dicha integración exclusivamente desde la perspectiva de los mecanismos de autenticación involucrados. Pero, ¿hacia dónde evoluciona esa red?. Una diversidad de redes de acceso, entre las que destacan las tecnologías inalámbricas y los dispositivos multimodo, van a conformar un panorama global del que las tarjetas inteligentes, actuales y futuras, deberán participar. ¿Se pueden hacer más robustos y seguros los esquemas actuales de autenticación remota para éstas?. ¿En qué medida han sido diseñados para ser adaptados a estas nuevas circunstancias?. Esta tesis aborda la problemática de una forma conjunta, atendiendo al esquema de autenticación extremo-a-extremo y plantea un nuevo Marco de Autenticación para Tarjetas Inteligentes en Red bajo cuyo paraguas podemos modelar, analizar e incluso proponer una arquitectura de protocolos de autenticación remota para las tarjetas inteligentes actuales y venideras. Tras el diseño y la implementación acorde con dicha arquitectura y una evaluación de las funcionalidades previstas, se realiza una aplicación sobre un escenario realista de pago electrónico en entornos inalámbricos; por un lado demostrando la viabilidad de la propuesta y, por otro, incidiendo en su versatilidad, que le permite ser robusta ante la transformación que les conduce hacia esa nueva generación