An Immune-Inspired Technique to Identify Heavy Goods Vehicles Incident Hot Spots

We report on the adaptation of an immune-inspired instance selection technique to solve a real-world big data problem of determining vehicle incident hot spots. The technique, which is inspired by the Immune System self-regulation mechanism, was originally conceptualised to eliminate very similar instances in data classification tasks. We adapt the method to detect hot spots from a telematics data set containing hundreds of thousands of data points indicating incident locations involving heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) across the United Kingdom. The objective is to provide HGV drivers with information regarding areas of high likelihood of incidents in order to continuously improve road safety and vehicle economy. The problem presents several challenges and constraints. An accurate view of the hot spots produced in a timely manner is necessary. In addition, the solution is required to be adaptable and dynamic, as thousands of new incidents are included in the database daily. Furthermore, the impact on hot spots after informing drivers about their existence has to be considered. Our solution successfully addresses these constraints. It is fast, robust, and applicable to all different incidents investigated. The method is also self-adjustable, which means that if the hot spots’ configuration changes with time, the algorithm automatically evolves to present the most current topology. Our solution has been implemented by a telematics company to improve HGV safety in the United Kingdom

Detecting danger in roads: an immune-inspired technique to identify heavy goods vehicles incident hot spots

We report on the adaptation of an immune-inspired instance selection technique to solve a real-world big data problem of determining vehicle incident hot spots. The technique, which is inspired by the Immune System self-regulation mechanism, was originally conceptualised to eliminate very similar instances in data classification tasks. We adapt the method to detect hot spots from a telematics data set containing hundreds of thousands of data points indicating incident locations involving heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) across the United Kingdom. The objective is to provide HGV drivers with information regarding areas of high likelihood of incidents in order to continuously improve road safety and vehicle economy. The problem presents several challenges and constraints. An accurate view of the hot spots produced in a timely manner is necessary. In addition, the solution is required to be adaptable and dynamic, as thousands of new incidents are included in the database daily. Furthermore, the impact on hot spots after informing drivers about their existence has to be considered. Our solution successfully addresses these constraints. It is fast, robust, and applicable to all different incidents investigated. The method is also self-adjustable, which means that if the hot spots’ configuration changes with time, the algorithm automatically evolves to present the most current topology. Our solution has been implemented by a telematics company to improve HGV safety in the United Kingdom

PAS3-HSID: a Dynamic Bio-Inspired Approach for Real-Time Hot Spot Identification in Data Streams

© 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Hot spot identification is a very relevant problem in a wide variety of areas such as health care, energy or transportation. A hot spot is defined as a region of high likelihood of occurrence of a particular event. To identify hot spots, location data for those events is required, which is typically collected by telematics devices. These sensors are constantly gathering information, generating very large volumes of data. Current state-of-the-art solutions are capable of identifying hot spots from big static batches of data by means of variations of clustering or instance selection techniques that pre-process the original input data, providing the most relevant locations. However, these approaches neglect to address changes in hot spots over time. This paper presents a dynamic bio-inspired approach to detect hot spots in big data streams. This computational intelligence method is designed and applied to the transportation sector as a case study to identify incidents in the roads caused by heavy goods vehicles. We adapt an immune-based algorithm to account for the temporary aspect of hot spots inspired by the idea of pheromones, which is then subsequently implemented using Apache Spark Streaming. Experimental results on real datasets with up to 4.5 million data points—provided by a telematics company—show that the algorithm is capable of quickly processing large streaming batches of data, as well as successfully adapting over time to detect hot spots. The outcome of this method is twofold, both reducing data storage requirements and demonstrating resilience to sudden changes in the input data (concept drift)

PAS3-HSID: a Dynamic Bio-Inspired Approach for Real-Time Hot Spot Identification in Data Streams

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236130814684http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236130814684O gerenciamento de resíduos municipais é um tema que vem se tornando cada vez mais importante no contexto das preocupações mundiais dos governos, e teve um considerável desenvolvimento nas últimas décadas. Tanto os países desenvolvidos como os “em desenvolvimento” emitiram normativas legais restritivas, visando otimizar seus planos de tratamento e destinação final destes resíduos. O objetivo principal do trabalho é investigar a real situação deste cenário no Brasil e nos países desenvolvidos, demonstrando os resultados obtidos e traçando um paralelo comparativo e critico. São transcritos e analisados os dados obtidos, em cada fase de uma Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos – GIRSU. Conclusões importantes são relatadas, tais como, o alto nível de investimento dos países desenvolvidos em relação às campanhas de conscientização para implantação de uma efetiva GIRSU, assim como contrastes marcantes entre os índices de reciclagem no Brasil e neste bloco diferenciado de países, ou seja, 2% e 20%, respectivamente, no montante dos resíduos totais gerados. A avaliação final é de que o diferencial esta nas ações políticas de incentivo econômico destes países desenvolvidos, em termos de subsídios, se comparados com o caso brasileiro

Multi-objective optimization for time-based preventive maintenance within the transport network: a review

Preventive maintenance in transportation is essential not only to safeguard billions in business and infrastructure investment, but also to guarantee safety, reliability and efficacy within the network. Government, industry and society have been increasingly recognising the importance of keeping transport units condition well-preserved. The challenge, however, is to achieve optimal performance of the existing transport systems within acceptable costs, effective workforce use and minimum disruption. Those are generally conflicting objectives. Multi-objective optimisation approaches have served as powerful tools to assist stakeholders to properly deploy preventive maintenance in industry. In this study, we review the research conducted in the application of multi-objective optimisation for preventive maintenance in transport-related activities. We focus on time-based preventive maintenance for production, infrastructure, rail and energy providers. In our review, we are interested in aspects such as the types of problems addressed, the existing objectives, the approaches to solutions, and how the outcomes obtained support decision

Unmanned Systems Sentinel / 11 January 2016

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Echo, Winter/Spring 2013

Student-produced magazine formerly published as Chicago Arts and Communication, changed to Echo magazine in 1997. Cover Articles: Up close and fursonal: inside the furry fandom; Back on the bike: from critical condition to Critical Mass; Talkin\u27 trash: a day on the garbage circuit; Living canvases: tales of the tattoo trade; Preserving the page: Chicago\u27s love affair with print. 80 pages.https://digitalcommons.colum.edu/echo/1032/thumbnail.jp

Thematic conference proceedings of international significance. Vol. 2 / International Scientific Conference "Archibald Reiss days", Belgrade, 1-2 March 2012

This International Scientific Conference is held for the second time in the con-text of initiated reforms of the security services and police education, and also in memory of one of the founders and directors of the first modern police high school in Serbia, Dr. Rodolphe Archibald Reiss, after whom the Conference was named. The Thematic Conference Proceedings contain 76 papers by eminent experts in the field of law, security, criminalistics, forensic sciences, medicine, members of national security system or participants in education of the police and army, as well as other security services. Each paper has been reviewed by two competent inter-national reviewers, and the Thematic Conference Proceedings in whole has been reviewed by four competent international reviewers. The papers published in the Thematic Conference Proceedings contain the overview of contemporary trends in the development of police educational system, development of the police and contemporary security, criminalistic and forensic concepts. Furthermore, they provide us with the analysis of the rule of law activi-ties in crime suppression, situation and trends in the above-mentioned fields, as well as suggestions on how to systematically deal with these issues. The Thematic Conference Proceedings represents a significant contribution to the existing fund of scientific and expert knowledge in the field of criminalistic, security, penal and legal theory and practice. Publication of this Thematic Conference Proceedings contrib-utes to improving of mutual cooperation between educational, scientific and expert institutions at national, regional and international level

Post-modern cowboys: The transformation of sport in the twentieth century

During the twentieth century, sports that evolved in the American West transformed the landscape of American sport. Driven by combinations of technology, media, and human personalities, sports such as surfing, skateboarding, and mountain biking redefined the meaning of sport and eliminated the traditional limits to the playing field. As surfing, skateboarding, and mountain biking evolved, wartime technologies accelerated their progress. Those technologies democratized access to contemporary sports in two ways. Materials such as polyurethane eased the physical requirements of carrying equipment and catching waves. Contemporary sports also expanded access because they focused on individualized competition and participation, eliminating the need for other players as a prerequisite to participation. As contemporary sports evolved in the West, they gradually eclipsed the participatory dominance of traditional team sports