Smart handoff technique for internet of vehicles communication using dynamic edge-backup node

© 2020 The Authors. Published by MDPI. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9030524A vehicular adhoc network (VANET) recently emerged in the the Internet of Vehicles (IoV); it involves the computational processing of moving vehicles. Nowadays, IoV has turned into an interesting field of research as vehicles can be equipped with processors, sensors, and communication devices. IoV gives rise to handoff, which involves changing the connection points during the online communication session. This presents a major challenge for which many standardized solutions are recommended. Although there are various proposed techniques and methods to support seamless handover procedure in IoV, there are still some open research issues, such as unavoidable packet loss rate and latency. On the other hand, the emerged concept of edge mobile computing has gained crucial attention by researchers that could help in reducing computational complexities and decreasing communication delay. Hence, this paper specifically studies the handoff challenges in cluster based handoff using new concept of dynamic edge-backup node. The outcomes are evaluated and contrasted with the network mobility method, our proposed technique, and other cluster-based technologies. The results show that coherence in communication during the handoff method can be upgraded, enhanced, and improved utilizing the proposed technique.Published onlin

Early Detection and Prevention of DDOS attack on VANET

Growing number of vehicles in use has ushered in the service to provide human and resource safety. The present trend calls for the application of technology to automate safety measures in road traffic and since has been known as Intelligent Transport System (ITS). Vehicular Ad hoc Network is like a fork to Mobile Ad hoc Network , where the nodes are mobile vehicles moving in constrained road topology. VANET networks are envisioned to be used in practical ITS systems around the world. A network standard has been developed as Wireless Access In Vehicular Environment (IEEE 802.11p) to be used in VANET which is an amendment to IEEE 802.11 standard. With every new technological applications especially computers and network applications, come new security challenges. Every network in modern day is susceptible to security attacks and VANET is no exception. The most infamous of those attacks is the Distributed Denial of Service Attack which is unavoidable because unlike other security attacks the data packets used in it are legitimate packets. In this thesis work previous solutions are reviewed and a new offensive measure for detection, mitigation and prevention has been propose

Information collection algorithm for vehicular ad-hoc networks (application domain: Urban Traffic Wireless Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs))

Vehicle to vehicle communication (V2VC) is one of the modern approaches for exchanging and generating traffic information with (yet to be realized) potential to improve road safety, driving comfort and traffic control. In this research, we present a novel algorithm which is based on V2V communication, uses in-vehicle sensor information and in collaboration with the other vehicles' sensor information can detect road conditions and determine the geographical area where this road condition exists – e.g. geographical area where there is traffic density, unusual traffic behaviour, a range of weather conditions (raining), etc. The algorithms' built-in automatic geographical restriction of the data collection, aggregation and dissemination mechanisms allows warning messages to be received by any car, not necessarily sharing the identified road condition, which may then be used to identify the optimum route taken by the vehicle e.g. avoid bottlenecks or dangerous areas including accidents or congestions on their current routes. This research covers the middle ground between MANET [1] and collaborative data generation based on knowledge granularity (aggregation). It investigates the possibility of designing, implementing and modelling of the functionality of an algorithm (as part of the design of an intelligent node in an Intelligent Transportation System - ITS) that ensures active participation in the formation, routing and general network support of MANETs and also helps in-car traffic information and real-time control generation and distribution. The work is natural extension of the efforts of several large EU projects like DRIVE [2], GST [3] and SAFESPOT [4]

Data Security Enhancement in 4G Vehicular Networks Based on Reinforcement Learning for Satellite Edge Computing

The vehicular network provides the dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) with IEEE 802.11p standard. The VANET model comprises of cellular vehicle-to-everything communication with wireless communication technology. Vehicular Edge Computing exhibits the promising technology to provide promising Intelligent Transport System Services. Smart application and urban computing. Satellite edge computing model is adopted in vehicular networks to provide services to the VANET communication for the management of computational resources for the end-users to provide access to low latency services for maximal execution of service. The satellite edge computing model implemented with the 4G vehicular communication network model subjected to data security issues. This paper presented a Route Computation Deep Learning Model (RCDL) to improve security in VANET communication with 4G technology. The RCDL model uses the route establishment model with the optimal route selection. The compute route is transmitted with the cryptographic scheme model for the selection of optimal route identified from the satellite edge computing model. The proposed RCDL scheme uses the deep learning-based reinforcement learning scheme for the attack prevention in the VANET environment employed with the 4G technology communication model. The simulation results expressed that proposed RCDL model achieves the higher PDR value of 98% which is ~6% higher than the existing model. The estimation of end-to-end delay is minimal for the RCDL scheme and improves the VANET communication

Connecting vehicular networks to the internet : a life time-based routing protocol

Inter-Vehicle Communications have recently attracted the attention of researchers in academia and industry. In such networks, vehicles should be able to communicate among each other (V2V) as well as with roadside Infrastructure units (V2I). Vehicular networks try to provide safety on the roads by disseminating critical messages among vehicles. Infrastructure units provide some services such as driver information systems and Internet access. Because of the high speed and high mobility of vehicles, establishing and maintaining a connection to these units is very challenging. We introduce a new protocol that uses the characteristics of vehicle movements to predict the vehicle behavior and select a route with the longest life-time to connect to the wired network. It aims at spreading the advertisement messages through multi-hops without flooding the network, do seamless hand-overs and select the most stable routes to these units. We performed some simulations and compared the performance of our work with some well-known protocols

Survey on Data-Centric based Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

The great concern for energy that grew with the technological advances in the field of networks and especially in sensor network has triggered various approaches and protocols that relate to sensor networks. In this context, the routing protocols were of great interest. The aim of the present paper is to discuss routing protocols for sensor networks. This paper will focus mainly on the discussion of the data-centric approach (COUGAR, rumor, SPIN, flooding and Gossiping), while shedding light on the other approaches occasionally. The functions of the nodes will be discussed as well. The methodology selected for this paper is based on a close description and discussion of the protocol. As a conclusion, open research questions and limitations are proposed to the reader at the end of this paper

From MANET to people-centric networking: Milestones and open research challenges

In this paper, we discuss the state of the art of (mobile) multi-hop ad hoc networking with the aim to present the current status of the research activities and identify the consolidated research areas, with limited research opportunities, and the hot and emerging research areas for which further research is required. We start by briefly discussing the MANET paradigm, and why the research on MANET protocols is now a cold research topic. Then we analyze the active research areas. Specifically, after discussing the wireless-network technologies, we analyze four successful ad hoc networking paradigms, mesh networks, opportunistic networks, vehicular networks, and sensor networks that emerged from the MANET world. We also present an emerging research direction in the multi-hop ad hoc networking field: people centric networking, triggered by the increasing penetration of the smartphones in everyday life, which is generating a people-centric revolution in computing and communications