The effects of parental monitoring and communication on adolescent substance use and risky sexual activity: A systematic review

AIM: The aim of the systematic study was to determine the effect of parenting practices on adolescent risk behaviours such as substance use and sexual risk behaviour. METHOD: Quantitative research studies were systematically collected from various databases such as Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE (Pubmed), JSTOR, Project Muse and SAGE for the duration of 2003-2013 which was within the 10 year period of relevant literature to the date of study. RESULTS: Findings established that parental monitoring and communication prevented drug initiation, delayed alcohol initiation, and sexual debut, increased alcohol refusal efficacy, and decreased delinquent behaviour and risk taking behaviours in high risk adolescents. CONCLUSION: This review shows that parental practices play significant protective and promotive roles in managing adolescent risk behaviours

The Effect of CWS on Adolescent Health

This article will be covering the problem of celebrity worship. Celebrity worship has been in debate over the past few years regarding whether it is a harmful activity or not among adolescents, but with the recent established psychological disorder of Celebrity Worship Syndrome, it can be shown that it has become a serious health issue. One side argues that celebrity worship is harmless, even a helpful practice to pursue. The other side, however, argues that celebrity worship is detrimental to the mental and physical wellbeing of the adolescents. It is important to understand what celebrity worship entails, the different tests in place used to measure it, and the effect practicing celebrity worship can have on an adolescent to full realize how harmful engaging in celebrity worship really is

Review of the evidence for adolescent and young person specific, community-based health services for NHS managers

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the evidence surrounding the design and delivery of adolescent-specific health services for young people aged 14-25. This aims to make recommendations for National Health Service (NHS) senior management teams on the available literature relating to service design for children’s and young people's services within the UK. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a mini-review carried out in Spring 2013 using EMBASE, BNI, PSYCHinfo, MEDLINE and Google Scholar to systematically search available published and unpublished research papers. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses and evaluations of service models were included within this review. Adapted “GRADE” criteria were used to appraise the evidence. Findings – Of 70 papers found, 22 met the inclusion criteria. There were five main service designs found within the literature: hospital-based; school-linked or school-based; community based; combination and integrative; and other methods which did not fit into the four other categories. Research limitations/implications – This review is limited to the literature available within the inclusion criteria and search strategy used. It intends to inform management decisions in combination with other parameters and available evidence. Originality/value – There is range of research and evidence syntheses relating to adolescent services, but none of these have been conducted with a focus on the UK NHS and the information needs of managers re-designing services in the current climate within England

Pathways from caring and engaging adults to youth vocational identity: the mediational roles of career search self-efficacy and goal capacity

This study examines the role played by access to caring and engaging adults, career search self-efficacy (CSSE), and goal capacity in the development of youth vocational identity. The study used a bootstrapping approach to analyze data, collected from a survey of 1,579 youths enrolled in 14 U.S. high schools, to test a hypothesized serial multiple mediation model. Results indicate both direct and multiple indirect pathways from adults influences to the youth vocational identity. Two specific pathways of influence were found through CSSE and goal capacity respectively. Additionally, a serial multiple mediation effect was found whereby CSSE and goal capacity collectively mediated the relationship. This indicates that greater access to caring and engaging adults contributes to higher CSSE, which accounts for a higher level of goal capacity, and eventually leads to the better vocational identity in youth. These findings establish notable implications for practices that are discussed in closing.First author draf

Children and young people’s experiences and perceptions of self-management of type 1 diabetes: A qualitative meta-synthesis

The aim of this review was to conduct a meta-synthesis of the experiences and perceptions of self-management of type 1 diabetes of children and young people living with type 1 diabetes (CYPDs). Six databases were systematically searched for studies with qualitative findings relevant to CYPDs’ (aged 8–18 years) experiences of self-management. A thematic synthesis approach was used to combine articles and identify analytical themes. Forty articles met the inclusion criteria. Two analytical themes important to CYPDs’ experiences and perceptions of self-management were identified: (1) negotiating independence and (2) feeling in control. The synthesis contributes to knowledge on contextual factors underpinning self-management and what facilitates or impedes transition towards autonomous self-management for CYPDs

Toward the Prevention of Risky Sexual Behavior Among Latina Youth

Sexual risk-taking among Latina youth has been noted as a critical health concern within the United States. In this chapter. the importance of prevention of risky sexual behavior among Latina youth will be discussed. Current prevalence rates and consequences associated with sexual behavior among Latino/as will be reviewed. along with factors that are relevant to understanding the prevention of sexual activity. Finally. programs that have been developed to prevent risky sexual behavior among Latinas will be reviewed and suggestions for prevention efforts will be presented

Adolescents’ view and experiences of living with type 1 diabetes

This literature review aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of adolescents living with Type 1 Diabetes, and its impact on their lives. The prevalence and the number of adolescents living with this condition are rapidly increasing in western societies. Therefore, it is imperative that these adolescents’ views and experiences are well researched and understood, so they can receive the optimum support they need. A systematic database search identified studies conducted between 2004 and 2014, from 5 different countries. Most participants in the studies were adolescents between the ages of 13-17, although some studies included participants from 11 to 18 years. Key findings identified were striving for autonomy, parental conflicts, yearning for social acceptance and concerns regarding diabetes education. Psychosocial, management and knowledge of type 1 diabetes were the major themes identified following the thematic analysis. The psychosocial impact of living with type 1 diabetes was significant amongst adolescents. Therefore, they would benefit from more in-depth research on this subject, identifying contemporary and innovative ways to help them cope better with their condition

Changing cultural pathways through gender role and sexual development: A theoretical framework

Greenfield's theory linking sociodemographic change to dynamic cultural values for family interdependence versus individual independence is applied to sexual and gender role socialization and development. The theory explains how cultural pathways for sexual and gender-role development transform in concert with sociodemographic changes: urbanization, formal schooling, capitalism, and communication technologies. As environments become more urban, commercial, and technological, with more opportunities for formal education, sexual development moves away from the ideals of procreation and family responsibility and toward the ideals of personal pleasure and personal responsibility. At the same time, gender-role development moves away from the ideals of complementary and ascribed gender roles and toward chosen and equal gender roles. We present psychological, anthropological, and sociological evidence for these trends in a variety of communities undergoing social and ecological change. © 2014 by the American Anthropological Association