Load-balanced route optimization method for accident aboard a ship

An emergency evacuation system is a system that helps people in the space to evacuate safely and quickly from emergencies in the event of an emergency. Such systems are essential as the size of vessels becomes larger and more complex. However, current emergency evacuation systems play only a limited role. For example, evacuation route guidance through placement of real human resources or evacuation route such as direction of emergency exit point which is pointed in one direction only in one place. Relying on human subjective judgment in a dangerous situation can be quite dangerous, and emergency lights and escape routes that always point in the same direction are not able to deal flexibly with risk factors and can expose the public to danger. Furthermore, due to the nature of the ship structure, the initial response is important as the rescue time is delayed rather than the land accident. Therefore, emergency evacuation systems should be more intelligent in increasingly complicated and larger structures, and should be able to quickly identify information on the surrounding situation and suggest an optimal evacuation route. In particular, it is not possible to exclude the possibility that dangerous elements may spread or become dangerous areas in the route where evacuees are passing. Therefore, there is a need for a system that predicts and responds to the near future through sufficient modeling of risk factors. Among various risk factors, risk factors such as fire, smoke, and isolation can be sufficiently collected by using sensors or image processing devices. However, in the case of bottlenecks, it is essential to model the density of the population at the current node, the direction in which people at that location will evacuate, and whether the path of the selected path will accommodate the incoming population. Therefore, we propose a bottleneck modeling method and load balancing based on disaster situation in this paper. The proposed performance is verified by computer simulation.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Research background 1 1.2 Research Trends 1 1.3 Research Necessity 3 1.4 Research Summary 3 Chapter 2. Related Theory and Research 4 2.1 Searching Algorithm 4 2.1.1 State Space and Search 4 2.1.2 Blind Search 5 2.1.3 Heuristic Search 7 2.1.4 Algorithm 8 2.1.4.1 Operation Process 9 2.2 Searching System 12 2.2.1 Feeling Factor 12 2.2.2 Risk Predicted Value 14 2.2.3 Evacuation System for accident situation 16 Chapter 3. Proposed Scheme 17 3.1 Graph Search for inside of ship 17 3.2 Modeling of bottleneck 18 3.3 Proposed Route Optimization Algorithm 22 Chapter 4. Simulation and Analysis 23 4.1 Bottleneck occurrence probability 23 4.1.1 Experiment environment and result 23 4.2 Weighted distance according to proposed scheme 25 4.3 Evacuation time according to proposed scheme 27 Chapter 5. Conclusiond 28 References 29Maste

Analysis evacuation Route for KM Zahro Express on fire condition using agent-based modeling and fire dynamics simulation

Keselamatan adalah hal utama yang perlu diperhatikan oleh pengguna transportasi, namun penumpang juga harus paham mengenai prosedur keselamatan dan prosedur evakuasi pada alat transportasi tersebut. Sudah banyak kecelakaan yang terjadi di dunia transportasi, khususnya di dunia pelayaran, dari tahun 2010 hingga 2016 sudah tercatat ada lebih dari 50 kecelakaan kapal sesuai dengan penyebabnya yang tercatat oleh KNKT. Pada penelitian ini membahas mengenai waktu evakuasi pada kapal KM Zahro express yang terjadi pada awal tahun 2017 di kepulauan seribu. DKI Jakarta. Kebakaran kapal yang mengakibatkan hampir semua penumpang meninggal dunia itu diakibatkan karena terbakarnya sumber listrik pada engine room. Permasalahan yang akan dibahas adalah mengenai waktu evakuasi dan bahaya dari kebakaran yang menganggu proses evakuasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Agent Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) dan Fire Dynamics Simulation (FDS) untuk permodelan simulasi kebakaran. Serta mengunakan aturan dasar yang mengacu kepada International Maritime Organization (IMO). Perhitungan hasil simulasi evakuasi pada kondisi normal atau siang hari yang sesuai pada kejadian sebenarnya adalah 29.783 menit (tidak mengambil data respon penumpang), perhitungan didapatkan dari hasil simulasi evakuasi (Traveling Time) dan di hitung susuai dengan rumus yang berlaku. ============================================================================= Sefety is the thing that needs to be preferred by users of transport, passengers should also understand about safety procedures and evacuation procedures in the means of transport. There have been many accidents that happen in the world of transport, particularly in the shipping world, from 2010 to 2016 is no more than 50 accidents of ships in accordance with the cause recorded by KNKT (Komisi Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi). On this research was discussed the evacuation time on the ship KM Zahro express that occurred earlier in the year 2017 in the Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakerta. Fire accident caused almost all the passengers died was caused due to the burning power source in the engine room.The issue will be discussed about the time of the evacuation and the danger of fires that interfere the process of evacuation. The methods used are Agent Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) and Fire Dynamics Simulation (FDS) for modeling fire simulation. As well as using basic rules which refer to the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Result of Evacuation simulation calculation on normal conditions that match at actual condition is 29,783 minutes (respon in not taken in this simulation), calculation results obtained from simulation of evacuation (Traveling Time) and at the count expanded feet according with the formula

Evacuation Analysis of 1200 GT Passenger Ship in Case of Fire using Agent-Based Modeling Approach

This study discusses about safety on board especially during fire condition. During fire, all passengers and crew had to beevacuated into safe place. The study observe at 1200 GT passenger ships, a typical ship which have small dimension vessel characteristic but able to carry passenger more than four hundred persons and also could containt cargo. When the ship was on fire at any circumstances that requires passengers need to be evacuated, it’s obvious that there will be a buildup of passengers when passing through stairs and corridors. The calculation use to estimate evacuation time required based on the IMO guidelines. Studies continued by creating evacuation simulation using Agent-Based Modeling, a simulation modeling that assume human being as an agent that has characteristics resemble to real state of motion. The comparation between the two methods, calculation and simulation are both using two scenarios, day and night conditions. Result show that the simulation generates evacuation time shorter than the calculation method. In the numerical calculation takes 689 seconds and 1595 seconds in day and night conditions, while in the simulation process takes 548 seconds and 1374 seconds in day and night conditions sequentially. This studies also followed by fire modeling study that aims to determine the spread of heat and smoke produced from fire. On the condition of fire, smokewords. production will interfere passengers in the evacuation process. The evacuation time becomes longer and estimates the potential victims affected by fire

Intelligent evacuation management systems: A review

Crowd and evacuation management have been active areas of research and study in the recent past. Various developments continue to take place in the process of efficient evacuation of crowds in mass gatherings. This article is intended to provide a review of intelligent evacuation management systems covering the aspects of crowd monitoring, crowd disaster prediction, evacuation modelling, and evacuation path guidelines. Soft computing approaches play a vital role in the design and deployment of intelligent evacuation applications pertaining to crowd control management. While the review deals with video and nonvideo based aspects of crowd monitoring and crowd disaster prediction, evacuation techniques are reviewed via the theme of soft computing, along with a brief review on the evacuation navigation path. We believe that this review will assist researchers in developing reliable automated evacuation systems that will help in ensuring the safety of the evacuees especially during emergency evacuation scenarios

A DECISION PROCESS FOR SURFACE MEDICAL EVACUATION ROUTING UNDER ADVERSARY THREAT AND UNCERTAIN DEMAND USING ONLINE OPTIMIZATION

Emerging threats have focused U.S. Navy operating concepts on agile, distributed tactical forces in the littoral and maritime zones. Given the nature of the threat and its location, medical evacuation via air may be infeasible due to hostile conditions or distance, requiring a shift to a surface or subsurface strategy. Medical demand and adversary actions are unpredictable in warfare, therefore a decision process for routing that accounts for uncertainty is required. Using the principles of the U.S. Marine Corps Rapid Response Planning Process and online optimization, we propose a decision process for surface medical evacuation routing against an adversary given uncertain demand that can be applied to manned and autonomous transport operations. We showcase the computational tractability of the decision process by developing an algorithm to route a medical transport through a network then implement the algorithm as a simulation model in Python. The base case of the model is compared to two modified cases under perfect information to discuss the risks of modeling with inappropriate assumptions. Multiple runs of the simulation model are then used to propose a process to develop a distance multiplier to estimate the impact of adversary presence in existing simulation models without a complete re-design.Outstanding ThesisLieutenant, United States NavyApproved for public release. Distribution is unlimited

Training of seafarers working on ships operating in polar waters

The aim of this thesis is to identify the competence gaps for seafarers who sail in polar waters have after completing the existing training courses based on the Polar Code. The best way to protect the environment and people in the Polar regions is by increasing the knowledge and competence of the people working in the vulnerable regions to ensure they make the best possible decisions and avoid dangerous situations. Chapter 12 in the Polar Code sets requirements to competence for personnel working on ships operating in polar waters, resulting in new courses developed to comply with the requirements in the Polar Code. The Basic and Advanced Polar Code courses focus on navigation in polar waters and are made for navigational officers, chief officers, and captains on ships operating in ice-covered waters, excluding those working on a vessel, not in charge of a navigational watch. It is, furthermore, suggested that either a “Polar basic safety course” can be developed and introduced for all seafarers working on ships operating in polar waters to increase safety, or an additional theme regarding polar water survival can be added to the existing STCW basic safety training course

The Potential Economic Benefits of Integrated and Sustainable Ocean Observation Systems: The Southeast Atlantic Region

The South East Atlantic Coastal Ocean Observing System (SEACOOS) collects, manages and disseminates coastal oceanic and atmospheric observation information along the Atlantic coast of the southeastern United States. This paper estimates the benefits of SEACOOS information in eleven benefit categories. Following a methodology used in similar studies of other U.S. coastal regions, we evaluate the impacts of conservative changes in economic activity in each sector. The annual economic benefit of SEACOOS information is $170 million (2003$'s), an estimate that falls between annual benefits of $33 million for the Gulf of Maine region and$381 million for the Gulf of Mexico.