Cyberphysical network for crop monitoring and fertigation control

Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do ParanáFertigation is a cultivation technique that uses the precise application of nutrient solutions according to the requirements of the plant, environmental conditions and substrate. The use of this technique has become popular due to the advantages promoted, which include the reduction of fertilizers, phytopharmaceuticals and water consumption. However, this performance is achieved at the expense of rigorous monitoring and regulation of factors such as nutrient solutions, environmental conditions and the vegetative state of the crop. This work describes the architecture of a network based on agents and cyberphysical elements that will be implemented in a strawberry production unit by fertigation. The system must be responsible for the correct supply of water and agricultural inputs based on local information provided by sets of sensors. Each set of sensors, called a measurement node, is responsible for acquiring information around a given location. The communication of this information is carried out through a wireless network based on the LoRa protocol to a digital platform where the information from all nodes, together with meteorological data, is aggregated and processed. The result of processing this information will lead to the definition of the exact amount of nutrient solution as well as the optimization of the use of water leading to an increase in production efficiency.A fertirrigação é uma técnica de cultivo que recorre à aplicação precisa de soluções nutritivas de acordo com os requisitos da planta, condições ambientais e de substrato. A utilização desta técnica tem-se popularizado devido às vantagens promovidas onde se destacam a redução de fertilizantes, fitofármacos e consumo de água. No entanto, este desempenho é conseguido à custa de um rigoroso monitoramento e regulação de fatores tais como soluções nutritivas, condições ambientais e estado vegetativo da cultura. Este trabalho descreve a arquitetura de uma rede baseada em agentes e elementos ciberfísicos que serão implementados em uma unidade de produção de morango por fertirrigação. O sistema deve ser responsável pelo fornecimento correto de água e insumos agrícolas tendo por base informações locais fornecidas por conjuntos de sensores. Cada conjunto de sensores, chamado de nó de medida, é responsável pela aquisição da informação em torno de um determinado local. A comunicação destas informações é realizada através de uma rede sem fio baseada no protocolo LoRa até uma plataforma digital onde a informação provinda de todos os nós, juntamente com dados meteorológicos, é agregada e processada. O resultado do processamento desta informação levará à definição da quantidade exata de solução nutritiva bem como a otimização da utilização da água levando a um aumento da eficiência de produção

The Internet of Simulation: Enabling Agile Model Based Systems Engineering for Cyber-Physical Systems

The expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has resulted in a complex cyber-physical system of systems that is continually evolving. With ever more complex systems being developed and changed there has been an increasing reliance on simulation as a vital part of the design process. There is also a growing need for simulation integration and co-simulation in order to analyse the complex interactions between system components. To this end we propose that the Internet of Simulation (IoS) as an extension of IoT can be used to meet these needs. The IoS allows for multiple heterogeneous simulations to be integrated together for co-simulation. It's effect on the engineer process is to facilitate agile practices without sacrificing rigour. An Industry 4.0 example case study is provided showing how IoS could be utilized

Towards a Security, Privacy, Dependability, Interoperability Framework for the Internet of Things

A popular application of ambient intelligence systems constitutes of assisting living services on smart buildings. As intelligence is imported in embedded equipment, the system becomes able to provide smart services (e.g. control lights, airconditioning, provide energy management services etc.). IoT is the main enabler of such environments. However, the interconnection of these cyber-physical systems and the processing of personal data raise serious security and privacy issues. In this paper we present a framework that can guarantee Security, Privacy, Dependability and Interoperability (SPDI) in IoT. Taking advantage of the underlying IoT deployment, the proposed framework not only implements the requested smart functionality but also provide modelling and administration that can guarantee those SPDI properties. Moreover, we provide an application example of the framework in a smart building scenario

How Physicality Enables Trust: A New Era of Trust-Centered Cyberphysical Systems

Multi-agent cyberphysical systems enable new capabilities in efficiency, resilience, and security. The unique characteristics of these systems prompt a reevaluation of their security concepts, including their vulnerabilities, and mechanisms to mitigate these vulnerabilities. This survey paper examines how advancement in wireless networking, coupled with the sensing and computing in cyberphysical systems, can foster novel security capabilities. This study delves into three main themes related to securing multi-agent cyberphysical systems. First, we discuss the threats that are particularly relevant to multi-agent cyberphysical systems given the potential lack of trust between agents. Second, we present prospects for sensing, contextual awareness, and authentication, enabling the inference and measurement of ``inter-agent trust" for these systems. Third, we elaborate on the application of quantifiable trust notions to enable ``resilient coordination," where ``resilient" signifies sustained functionality amid attacks on multiagent cyberphysical systems. We refer to the capability of cyberphysical systems to self-organize, and coordinate to achieve a task as autonomy. This survey unveils the cyberphysical character of future interconnected systems as a pivotal catalyst for realizing robust, trust-centered autonomy in tomorrow's world

Blockchain Solutions for Multi-Agent Robotic Systems: Related Work and Open Questions

The possibilities of decentralization and immutability make blockchain probably one of the most breakthrough and promising technological innovations in recent years. This paper presents an overview, analysis, and classification of possible blockchain solutions for practical tasks facing multi-agent robotic systems. The paper discusses blockchain-based applications that demonstrate how distributed ledger can be used to extend the existing number of research platforms and libraries for multi-agent robotic systems.Comment: 5 pages, FRUCT-2019 conference pape