A handover management scheme for mobile IPv6 networks

Mobile IPv6 provides IP layer mobility management for IPv6 networks. Despite many advantages it offers in comparison to Mobile IPv4, handover management still remains an issue for Mobile IPv6. For real-time connections, the handover latency and signaling overhead incurred by the protocol may become significant. This paper presents a new method named crossover MAP based hierarchical mobile IPv6 (XMAP-HMIPv6), which inherits the advantage of hierarchical mobile IPv6 of reducing signaling load for inter-domain mobility and incorporates an analytical model for the performance analysis of this new scheme along with other existing handover management proposals. Finally, we present analytical results in different environments and compare our scheme with other existing proposals. The analytical model results show that, our scheme performs almost similar to [F+H] MIPv6 in terms of reducing handover latency and outperforms both HMIPv6 and MIPv6

Advanced mobility handover for mobile IPv6 based wireless networks

We propose an Advanced Mobility Handover scheme (AMH) in this paper for seamless mobility in MIPv6-based wireless networks. In the proposed scheme, the mobile node utilizes a unique home IPv6 address developed to maintain communication with other corresponding nodes without a care-of-address during the roaming process. The IPv6 address for each MN during the first round of AMH process is uniquely identified by HA using the developed MN-ID field as a global permanent, which is identifying uniquely the IPv6 address of MN. Moreover, a temporary MN-ID is generated by access point each time an MN is associated with a particular AP and temporarily saved in a developed table inside the AP. When employing the AMH scheme, the handover process in the network layer is performed prior to its default time. That is, the mobility handover process in the network layer is tackled by a trigger developed AMH message to the next access point. Thus, a mobile node keeps communicating with the current access point while the network layer handover is executed by the next access point. The mathematical analyses and simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs better as compared with the existing approaches.Sadiq, AS.; Fisal, NB.; Ghafoor, KZ.; Lloret, J. (2014). Advanced mobility handover for mobile IPv6 based wireless networks. Scientific World Journal. 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/602808S2014You, I., Han, Y.-H., Chen, Y.-S., & Chao, H.-C. (2011). Next generation mobility management. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 11(4), 443-445. doi:10.1002/wcm.1136Li, L., Ma, L., Xu, Y., & Fu, Y. (2014). Motion Adaptive Vertical Handoff in Cellular/WLAN Heterogeneous Wireless Network. The Scientific World Journal, 2014, 1-7. doi:10.1155/2014/341038Nahrstedt, K. (2011). Quality of Service in Wireless Networks Over Unlicensed Spectrum. Synthesis Lectures on Mobile and Pervasive Computing, 6(1), 1-176. doi:10.2200/s00383ed1v01y201109mpc008Cho, I., Okamura, K., Kim, T. W., & Hong, C. S. (2013). Performance analysis of IP mobility with multiple care-of addresses in heterogeneous wireless networks. Wireless Networks, 19(6), 1375-1386. doi:10.1007/s11276-012-0539-8Magagula, L. A., Chan, H. A., & Falowo, O. E. (2011). Handover approaches for seamless mobility management in next generation wireless networks. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 12(16), 1414-1428. doi:10.1002/wcm.1074Sadiq, A. S., Bakar, K. A., Ghafoor, K. Z., Lloret, J., & Mirjalili, S. (2012). A smart handover prediction system based on curve fitting model for Fast Mobile IPv6 in wireless networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 27(7), 969-990. doi:10.1002/dac.2386Sadiq, A. S., Bakar, K. A., Ghafoor, K. Z., Lloret, J., & Khokhar, R. (2013). An Intelligent Vertical Handover Scheme for Audio and Video Streaming in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks. Mobile Networks and Applications, 18(6), 879-895. doi:10.1007/s11036-013-0465-8Lee, K.-W., Seo, W.-K., Cho, Y.-Z., Kim, J.-W., Park, J.-S., & Moon, B.-S. (2009). Inter-domain handover scheme using an intermediate mobile access gateway for seamless service in vehicular networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 23(9-10), 1127-1144. doi:10.1002/dac.1076Lee, C.-W., Chen, M. C., & Sun, Y. S. (2012). Protocol and architecture supports for network mobility with QoS-handover for high-velocity vehicles. Wireless Networks, 19(5), 811-830. doi:10.1007/s11276-012-0503-7Castelluccia, C. (2000). HMIPv6. ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review, 4(1), 48-59. doi:10.1145/360449.360474Modares, H., Moravejosharieh, A., Lloret, J., & Salleh, R. B. (2016). A Survey on Proxy Mobile IPv6 Handover. IEEE Systems Journal, 10(1), 208-217. doi:10.1109/jsyst.2013.2297705Modares, H., Moravejosharieh, A., Lloret, J., & Salleh, R. (2014). A survey of secure protocols in Mobile IPv6. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 39, 351-368. doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2013.07.013Modares, H., Moravejosharieh, A., Salleh, R. B., & Lloret, J. (2014). Enhancing Security in Mobile IPv6. ETRI Journal, 36(1), 51-61. doi:10.4218/etrij.14.0113.0177Meneguette, R. I., Bittencourt, L. F., & Madeira, E. R. M. (2013). A seamless flow mobility management architecture for vehicular communication networks. Journal of Communications and Networks, 15(2), 207-216. doi:10.1109/jcn.2013.000034Al-Surmi, I., Othman, M., Abdul Hamid, N. A. W., & Ali, B. M. (2013). Enhancing inter-PMIPv6-domain for superior handover performance across IP-based wireless domain networks. Wireless Networks, 19(6), 1317-1336. doi:10.1007/s11276-012-0535-

Macro/micro-mobility fast handover in hierarchical mobile IPv6

Mobile Internet Protocol version 6 (MIPv6) has been proposed to solve the problem of mobility in the new era of Internet by handling routing of IPv6 packets to mobile nodes that have moved away from their home network. Users will move frequently between networks, as they stay connected to the Internet. Thus, as mobility increases across networks, handovers will significantly impact the quality of the connection and user application. However, MIPv6 only defines means of managing global (macro)-mobility but does not address micro-mobility separately. Instead, it uses the same mechanism in both cases. This involves long handover delay and signaling load. The Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) protocol has been proposed as an extension of basic MIPv6 to solve this problem by splitting the handover management into macro-mobility and micro-mobility schemes. HMIPv6 introduced a new protocol agent called Mobility Anchor Point (MAP) to manage mobility and serve as a local entity to aid in mobile handover. The handover (or registration) operation is the operation when MN registers its presence to its Home Agent (HA) and Correspondent Node (CN). This paper proposes a mechanism to perform fast handover in HMIPv6 by adopting the multicast technique to the MAP for both macro-mobility and micro-mobility management. Our proposal is designed to minimize service disruption that occurs during the registration operation. We simulate the performance using network simulator (NS-2) and we present and analyze the performance testing for our proposal by comparing it with the basic hierarchical mobile IPv6. The results show that our scheme allows the MN to receive packets faster than the basic HMIPv6

QoS-aware architecture for FHMIP micromobility

Wireless networks will certainly run applications with strict QoS requirements and so, micro-mobility protocols such as fast hierarchical mobile IPv6 (FHMIP) are useful tools to accomplish this new feature. The FHMIP is an effective scheme to reduce Mobile IPv6 handover disruption, however it does not support application's QoS requirements. Therefore, in order to provide QoS guarantees for real-time applications it is necessary to develop new traffic management schemes; this implies the optimization of network mobility support and also some network congestion control. A traffic management scheme of this type should take into account the QoS requirements of handover users and should implement a resource management (RM) scheme in order to achieve this. In this paper, a new RM scheme for the DiffServ QoS model is proposed. This new scheme is implemented by access routers as an extension to FHMIP micromobility protocol. In order to prevent QoS degradation of the existing traffic, access routers should evaluate the impact of admitting a new mobile node (MN), previously to the handover. This evaluation and sequent decision on wether admitting or refusing MN's traffic is based on a measurement-based admission control (MBAC) algorithm. This architecture, that has been implemented and tested using ns-2, includes a simple signaling protocol, a traffic descriptor and exhibits an adaptive behavior to traffic QoS requirements. All the necessary measurements are aggregated by class-of-service, thus avoiding maintaining state on the individual flows.(undefined

Macro/micro-mobility fast handover in hierarchical mobile IPv6

Mobile Internet Protocol version 6 (MIPv6) has been proposed to solve the problem of mobility in the new era of Internet by handling routing of IPv6 packets to mobile nodes that have moved away from their home network. Users will move frequently between networks, as they stay connected to the Internet. Thus, as mobility increases across networks, handovers will significantly impact the quality of the connection and user application. However, MIPv6 only defines means of managing global (macro)-mobility but does not address micro-mobility separately. Instead, it uses the same mechanism in both cases. This involves long handover delay and signaling load. The Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) protocol has been proposed as an extension of basic MIPv6 to solve this problem by splitting the handover management into macro-mobility and micro-mobility schemes. HMIPv6 introduced a new protocol agent called Mobility Anchor Point (MAP) to manage mobility and serve as a local entity to aid in mobile handover. The handover (or registration) operation is the operation when MN registers its presence to its Home Agent (HA) and Correspondent Node (CN). This paper proposes a mechanism to perform fast handover in HMIPv6 by adopting the multicast technique to the MAP for both macromobility and micro-mobility management. Our proposal is designed to minimize service disruption that occurs during the registration operation. We simulate the performance using network simulator (NS-2) and we present and analyze the performance testing for our proposal by comparing it with the basic hierarchical mobile IPv6. The results show that our scheme allows the MN to receive packets faster than the basic HMIPv6

Multicast Mobility in Mobile IP Version 6 (MIPv6) : Problem Statement and Brief Survey

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Mobile IP: state of the art report

Due to roaming, a mobile device may change its network attachment each time it moves to a new link. This might cause a disruption for the Internet data packets that have to reach the mobile node. Mobile IP is a protocol, developed by the Mobile IP Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) working group, that is able to inform the network about this change in network attachment such that the Internet data packets will be delivered in a seamless way to the new point of attachment. This document presents current developments and research activities in the Mobile IP area