From Photographers to Exhibition: Switzerland Planning and Building Exhibition (1946-1949) and the Material Circulation of Photographs

Switzerland Planning and Building Exhibition, an architecture exhibition almost entirely composed of photographs (more than 400), toured through Europe between 1946 and 1949. It was organised by the cultural organisation Pro Helvetia to contribute to strengthening the image of Switzerland in the post-war years abroad. This paper examines this exhibition and focuses on the modality of circulation of photographs from photographers to their display and discusses how the photographic material is appropriated by different actors (photographers, architects, members of the exhibition committee, and the institution in charge of the photographic reproduction). Thereby, this case study considers the architecture exhibition as a place for tracing photographs in a collective and dynamic process that goes beyond the relationship between the architect as a client and the commissioned photographer

The importance of "During-show Promotion" at Business-to-Consumer trade shows.

The purpose of this paper is to fill the gaps in current research on trade shows. The business-to-consumer aspect has been greatly ignored by academic theorists. We are aiming to make an exploratory study into during-show promotion practices. We will also create a continuation of the Hansen (1999) framework. In order to analyze "during-show promotion" two business-to-consumer trade shows; the ITB in Berlin and EuroHorse in Göteborg were visited. The methodology approach has been both quantitative with questionnaires and qualitative with interviews . This method has been applied in order to gain a better understanding and to get first hand information. For this paper, theories such as Promotion theory, communication theory and trade show theory have been applied. The empirical data is in the form of questionnaires and interviews. As a conclusion for this thesis a new framework for business-to-consumer trade shows has been introduced and a need for establishing clear objectives with trade shows has been recognized in order to have successful during show promotion

USER CONTROLLABILITY IN A HYBRID RECOMMENDER SYSTEM

Since the introduction of Tapestry in 1990, research on recommender systems has traditionally focused on the development of algorithms whose goal is to increase the accuracy of predicting users’ taste based on historical data. In the last decade, this research has diversified, with human factors being one area that has received increased attention. Users’ characteristics, such as trusting propensity and interest in a domain, or systems’ characteristics, such as explainability and transparency, have been shown to have an effect on improving the user experience with a recommender. This dissertation investigates on the role of controllability and user characteristics upon the engagement and experience of users of a hybrid recommender system. A hybrid recommender is a system that integrates the results of different algorithms to produce a single set of recommendations. This research examines whether allowing the user to control the process of fusing or integrating different algorithms (i.e., different sources of relevance) results in increased engagement and a better user experience. The essential contribution of this dissertation is an extensive study of controllability in a hybrid fusion scenario. In particular, the introduction of an interactive Venn diagram visualization, combined with sliders explored in a previous work, can provide an efficient visual paradigm for information filtering with a hybrid recommender that fuses different prospects of relevance with overlapping recommended items. This dissertation also provides a three-fold evaluation of the user experience: objective metrics, subjective user perception, and behavioral measures

Modeling the experiences of customer-customer encounters (CCEs) in event tourism

Over the last two decades, the increase in research into the event industry is testimony to the importance of this industry to the burgeoning tourism economy. Despite a high level of interpersonal interactions among attendees at in-person events, a comprehensive review of related literature indicates a lack of theories explaining the process and rationale behind interpersonal interaction phenomenon at events. This dissertation promotes a deeper understanding of how interactions among attendees are subjectively experienced and has implications for the context of the most competitive segment of the business sector of events--conferences.^ The empirical investigation of this dissertation includes a qualitative study and a quantitative study. The qualitative study was conducted to explore how attendees subjectively experience interpersonal encounters with other attendees. A total of 26 informants who have attended various association conferences in the past five years were invited to participate in an in-depth interview. Data analysis of these interviews leads to a flow of attendees\u27 subjective experiences at customer-customer encounters (CCEs), to instrumental-hedonic dual motivations that drive attendees to participate in CCEs, to three typical types of CCEs, and finally, to four major functions served by CCEs accompanied by four processes these functions are perceived to facilitate. These functions and processes propose a multidimensional conceptualization of attendees\u27 CCE experiences. This dissertation also identifies three levels of salient situational factors that affect attendees\u27 experiences at CCEs. Lastly, two special types of CCEs stood out, which are reported to stay sticky after attendees\u27 conference participation.^ The quantitative study was administered to investigate the underlying mechanism through which attendees\u27 CCE experiences can impact attendees\u27 self-view and conference experience. Drawing upon Self Concept and Social Identity Theory, this dissertation proposes a positive relationship between attendees\u27 CCE experiences and their self-esteem as well as transcendent conference experience, which is mediated through attendees\u27 group identification with the conference group. Attendees\u27 CCE experiences are operationalized into know-how exchange and social-emotional support attendees received at CCEs. In total, 821 participants were recruited to fill out an online questionnaire regarding their interaction experiences at association conferences they attended in the past five years. Structural Equation Modeling results demonstrate that as expected, attendees\u27 CCE experiences positively affect their self-esteem and transcendent conference experience, which is partially mediated through attendees\u27 group identification with the conference group. In addition, the path coefficients indicate that compared with know-how exchange, the social-emotional support attendees obtain from other attendees at CCEs plays a more significant role in facilitating their identification process with the conference group and in leading to their transcendent conference experience.^ This dissertation contributes to emerging consumer research on the influence of other consumers and consumer experience by exploring subjective experiences at CCEs in an interaction-driven industry--the conference industry. Drawing upon theories and empirical findings from a variety of study fields including social psychology, consumer behavior, organizational behavior, event management, and marketing & branding, this dissertation develops a consumptive model of experiential CCEs in event tourism. This consumptive model reveals the black box in the behavioral process in consumer literature by uncovering the multidimensionality of CCE experiences and the impacts of CCE experiences on attendees\u27 self-view and conference experience. The consumptive model developed in this dissertation further advocates for and advances an integration of experiential focus in consumer behavior studies. The findings offered in this dissertation are also practically meaningful to the hospitality and event industry. Specific findings associated with attendees\u27 multidimensional interaction experiences at three major types of CCEs and the mediating role of attendees\u27 felt identification in attendees\u27 overall experiences provide hospitality and events practitioners with an enhanced understanding of attendees\u27 subjective experiences at CCEs. Such an enhanced understanding helps hospitality and events practitioners increase their competitive edge by strategizing best practices to engage attendees at CCEs, to add value to attendees\u27 overall experiences, and to enhance events-marketing with a focus on experiential CCEs. Hospitality and event practitioners are further offered strategic suggestions to collaborate with the host destination and the event venue in order to improve attendees\u27 interaction and event experiences and to sustain the development and success of the event industry

Faculty and Administrator Perceptions of Teaching, the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, and Culture at a Teaching University

Despite increased calls in higher education for institutions to be accountable for quality teaching and student learning, at many institutions, the status and quality of teaching and learning has not improved. Many faculty members remain teaching-focused, and institutions often afford a low status to teaching. This is present even at institutions whose missions are teaching-focused. The purpose of this case study was to explore faculty and administrator perceptions at one private, Christian, Midwest teaching institution regarding teaching, the scholarship of teaching and learning, and the institution’s culture and commitment to teaching and scholarship. Through interviews with a purposeful sample of full-time faculty, document analysis, the administration of Trigwell et al.’s (2005) revised Approaches to Teaching Inventory, and through faculty and administrator focus groups, the study provided a rich, thick description of participant perceptions of a teaching institution in the 21st century

Comments and the Classroom Context: Investigating Students’ Rhetorical Relationships to Instructor Response

Jane Mathison-Fife and Peggy O\u27Neill, along with Nancy Summers, have decried the lack of student voices in composition studies\u27 literature on teacher response. Responding to these researchers\u27 concerns, I present three exploratory case studies of student readers of commentary within their classroom contexts. Using reading theory\u27s insight that the interpretive act is always both subjective and socially situated, these case studies demonstrate that a richer literature on written feedback is possible through a consideration for student perspectives and for the cultural, institutional, and instructional factors that influence their understandings. At the same time, these case studies also illuminate the complexity and the value of students\u27 readings of commentary within their classroom spaces

An analysis and critique of evolving conference venue styles and structures from post war to the present day within the UK

This thesis provides an analysis and critique of the U.K. conference sector during the post-war period, in response to five hypotheses and research objectives. A pre-tested and piloted postal questionnaire was distributed to 3,000 U.K. conference venues that were drawn from secondary data sources, such as the Venue Directory. A total of 438 (14.6%) usable responses were returned. The research findings used quantitative analysis, with descriptive, explanatory, comparative and predictive research approaches also adopted. Holts linear and exponential smoothing was used to predict future trends. The literature review concerning the classification of the U.K. conference sector identifies that many of the typologies used over the last decade are often confusing and unnecessarily protracted due to sub divisions. This research forwards a typology comprising of four mutually exclusive classifications, namely purpose-built conference venues, hotels, educational establishments and visitor attractions all with conference facilities. This research identified many similarities and differences between the four venue classifications. Purpose-built venues initiated the U.K. conference sector during the 1950s. Hotels followed then educational establishments and finally the most recent are visitor attractions with conference facilities. Although purpose-built venues were the originators of the modern U.K. conference sector, growth rates from the other three venue classifications have, at one time or another exceeded that of purpose-built venues during the post-war period. Purpose-built venues were established in response to demand and were not initially economically focused, whereas the other three venue classifications added conference facilities to generate additional revenue sources and thus were economically motivated. The 1990s were the first decade in which over 37% of each venue classification opened their conference facilities, thus competition grew by over one third within the 1990s. The 1990s were also the most popular decade in which venues across the U.K. conference sector refurbished, with cosmetic changes such as upgrading furnishings and décor commonplace. Such refurbishments were undertaken to keep pace with customer’s demands, offering higher standards along with the need to modernise. Overall such refurbishments are viewed as a response to increased competition, cited by all venue classifications as a key issue encountered. Butler’s Lifecycle Model was utilised to explain the development of the U.K. conference sector, identifying that each venue classification has passed through its lifecycle at differing rates, with purpose-built venues having the longest lifecycle, but progressing through its lifecycle the slowest. Visitor attractions have the shortest lifecycle of the four venue classifications. Respondents perceive the future of the U.K. conference sector as positive, with increasing numbers of venues forecasted to open in the current and subsequent decade. Hotels conference venues still dominate the sector, although visitor attractions are predicted to experience the greatest levels of growth over the current and future decade. The majority of educational establishments and visitor attractions plan to refurbish in the future, whilst the majority of purpose-built venues and hotels do nWhere refurbishment is planned, cosmetic ch to furnishings and décor are commonplace, along wi iationdern conferquipnd hend safety i The majority ofe refurbiplannoccur wihe first half of the t . ll resps perceie fututerence sector totinued growth and increaseet----------------733b0988 Conisposifor;"c7_thesis phd ------------d3b0988ent-Dispositorm-data; name="c17_cre1" Wld -----------------------------7dab0988 ositiom-data; name="c17_creators_1_name_f -----------------7da1582a3b0988 CoDisposition: form-date="c17_creators__given" Junabeth -----------------------7da2031f3 Content-Disposition:data; name="c17_creators_1_name_fa -----------------------7da27c63 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="c17_creators_1_name_family

RJ policy transfer: the case of Jamaica

This thesis is a critical examination of the national Restorative Justice policy in Jamaica developed between 2001 and 2015. Restorative justice was considered as part of a larger on-going attempt of penal reform. Within this thesis, I adopted this definition from Tony Marshall thesis1: “RJ is the process whereby all parties with a stake in a particular offence come together to resolve collectively how to deal with the aftermath of an offence and its implications for the future (Marshall, 1999). Essentially, as a process that brings all those with a stake in a particular offence to collectively resolve the aftermath of the offence and its future implications, Restorative justice aims to do three things: (i) address the victim’s needs (ii) hold the offender accountable in a way that reintegrates them into society with reduced likelihood of reoffending and (iii) empower the community by involving them in providing justice to victims. I propose that RJ is consistent with an international human rights perspective on justice. This viewpoint understands punishment as an opportunity for addressing the direct cause of offending through an individualised approach to accountability. I argue that restorative justice can be an effective penal policy. However I argue that it is most beneficial when it is community driven, whilst having the financial support and supervision of the state. The restorative justice policy process might have been an opportunity for the Jamaican government to implement effective penal policy. However, I argue that the Jamaican government engaged in a type of inappropriate policy transfer, where there was a failure to consider the cultural, political context of the country throughout development and implementation of policy. In particular, the government, as a result of the historically skewed donor relations in Jamaica, engaged in opportunistic policy transfer, where they gave primacy, without coercion, to the perceived interests of international donors. This is clear from the lack of even collaboration among stakeholders. This failure to be collaborative meant the neglect of such local facts of life as the lack of resources, political corruption and public mistrust of the state, the long-standing community loyalties to ‘dons’ or local leaders of organised crime and most importantly, the presence of informal mechanisms for dispute resolution already operating within the Jamaican context that might have provided a foundation for a context-specific effective ‘Jamaicanised’ form of restorative justice. 1 As part of the formal justice system, RJ is typically embraced as an approach for juvenile offenders initially. While I mention that this would have been a beneficial approach for the Jamaican government to make in Chapter 6, there is limited scope to move beyond this position, since its recognised use is limited to that of adults

Application of virtual reality in people with ASD from 1996 to 2019

Purpose – Diversity is one of the main characteristics of modern societies. To be teachers and trainers, it is necessary to use all the tools to respond to students with diversified needs. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to review the scientific production in Web of Science (WOS) and SCOPUS of 1996-2019 on the application of Virtual reality in people with Autism SpectrumDisoders (ASD) for the improvement of social skills. Design/methodology/approach – For this purpose, two databases have been used: The Web of Science (WOS) and SCOPUS from the advanced search tab. After applying the search terms, 267 documents were obtained which were analysed according to a series of indicators. Findings – The results indicate that the period 2016-2019 was the most productive and that SCOPUS has a focus on conferences and WOS is intended for journals. Furthermore, in SCOPUS, there are journals with higher quartiles (Q1) than in WOS. The study shows the great importance of virtual reality in people with ASD and its recent dissemination. Originality/value – Currently, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are no studies on the use of virtual reality in people with ASD using bibliometric indicators. The study allows us to know which databases publish higher quality research. Likewise, information can be obtained about the most productive centres and the most important authors on the subject