9 research outputs found

    Pre-processing Algorithm for Rectification of Geometric Distortions in Satellite Images

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    A number of algorithms have been reported to process and remove geometric distortions in satellite images. Ortho-correction, geometric error correction, radiometric error removal, etc are a few important examples. These algorithm require supplementary meta-information of the satellite images such as ground control points and correspondence, sensor orientation details, elevation profile of the terrain, etc to establish corresponding transformations. In this paper, a pre-processing algorithm has been proposed which removes systematic distortions of a satellite image and thereby removes the blank portion of the image. It is an input-to-output mapping of image pixels, where the transformation computes the coordinate of each output pixel corresponding to the input pixel of an image. The transformation is established by the exact amount of scaling, rotation and translation needed for each pixel in the input image so that the distortion induced during the recording stage is corrected.Defence Science Journal, 2011, 61(2), pp.174-179, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.42

    Image Registration - Application in ophthalmology and ultrasonography

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    Registrace medicĂ­nskĂœch obrazĆŻ je v dneĆĄnĂ­ch dnech ĆĄiroce pouĆŸĂ­vanĂĄ, ale zĂĄroveƈ je i jednou z oblastĂ­ zĂĄjmu vědeckĂ©ho vĂœzkumu. StĂĄle novĂ© a vylepĆĄenĂ© zobrazovacĂ­ systĂ©my si ĆŸĂĄdajĂ­ stĂĄle lepĆĄĂ­ a vĂœkonnějĆĄĂ­ metody registrace obrazu. Takovou oblastĂ­ je i kontrastnĂ­ ultrazvukovĂ© zobrazovĂĄnĂ­. DĂ­ky časovĂ© proměnlivĂ©mu kontrastu v obraze, nĂ­zkĂ©mu poměru signĂĄl/ĆĄum a specifickĂ©mu ĆĄumu typu spekle je registrace ultrazvukovĂœch obrazu velice nĂĄročnĂĄ. DalĆĄĂ­m problĂ©mem je hodnocenĂ­ kvality registrace. V tĂ©to dizertačnĂ­ prĂĄci je pƙedstavena metoda registrace ultrazvukovĂœch kontrastnĂ­ch sekvencĂ­ zaloĆŸena na automatickĂ© fragmentaci sekvence do podsekvencĂ­. NĂĄsledně jsou registrovĂĄny obrazy s podobnĂœmi vlastnostmi. DĂĄle je pƙedstavena novĂĄ metoda pro hodnocenĂ­ kvality registrace na zĂĄkladě porovnĂĄnĂ­ perfuznĂ­ch modelĆŻ. Metoda registrace i hodnocenĂ­ byla testovĂĄna jak na datech zĂ­skanĂœch za pomocĂ­ fantomu, tak i na reĂĄlnĂœch pacientskĂœch datech. VĂœsledky pak byly porovnĂĄny se standardnĂ­mi metodami publikovanĂœmi v odbornĂœch člĂĄncĂ­ch. DruhĂĄ menĆĄĂ­ část prĂĄce je tvoƙena ukĂĄzkami aplikacĂ­ rĆŻznĂœch registračnĂ­ch metod v oftalmologii a nĂĄvrhy na jejich zlepĆĄenĂ­. JednĂĄ se o oblast zobrazovacĂ­ch systĂ©mu, kde se registračnĂ­ch metod ĆĄiroce vyuĆŸĂ­vĂĄ. Kromě jasovĂœch registračnĂ­ch metod zde nachĂĄzĂ­ velkĂ© uplatněnĂ­ metody registrace zaloĆŸenĂ© na detekci vĂœznamnĂœch bodĆŻ. PƙedstavenĂ© registračnĂ­ pƙístupy tak směƙujĂ­ pƙedevĆĄĂ­m k detekci těchto vĂœznamnĂœch bodĆŻ a stanovenĂ­ jejich vzĂĄjemnĂœch korespondencĂ­ v jednotlivĂœch obrazech.Image registration is widely used in clinical practice. However image registration and its~evaluation is still challenging especially with regards to new possibilities of various modalities. One of these areas is contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. The time-dependent image contrast, low signal-to-noise ratio and specific speckle pattern make preprocessing and image registration difficult. In this thesis a method for registration of images in ultrasound contrast-enhanced sequences is proposed. The method is based on automatic fragmentation into image subsequences in which the images with similar characteristics are registered. The new evaluation method based on comparison of perfusion model is proposed. Registration and evaluation method was tested on a flow phantom and real patient data and compared with a standard methods proposed i literature. The second part of this thesis contains examples of application of image registration in~ophthalmology and proposition for its improvement. In this area the image registration methods are widely used, especially landmark based image registration method. In this thesis methods for landmark detection and its correspondence estimation are proposed.

    Smart Align—a new tool for robust non-rigid registration of scanning microscope data

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    AbstractMany microscopic investigations of materials may benefit from the recording of multiple successive images. This can include techniques common to several types of microscopy such as frame averaging to improve signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) or time series to study dynamic processes or more specific applications. In the scanning transmission electron microscope, this might include focal series for optical sectioning or aberration measurement, beam damage studies or camera-length series to study the effects of strain; whilst in the scanning tunnelling microscope, this might include bias-voltage series to probe local electronic structure. Whatever the application, such investigations must begin with the careful alignment of these data stacks, an operation that is not always trivial. In addition, the presence of low-frequency scanning distortions can introduce intra-image shifts to the data. Here, we describe an improved automated method of performing non-rigid registration customised for the challenges unique to scanned microscope data specifically addressing the issues of low-SNR data, images containing a large proportion of crystalline material and/or local features of interest such as dislocations or edges. Careful attention has been paid to artefact testing of the non-rigid registration method used, and the importance of this registration for the quantitative interpretation of feature intensities and positions is evaluated.</jats:p

    On Designing Tattoo Registration and Matching Approaches in the Visible and SWIR Bands

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    Face, iris and fingerprint based biometric systems are well explored areas of research. However, there are law enforcement and military applications where neither of the aforementioned modalities may be available to be exploited for human identification. In such applications, soft biometrics may be the only clue available that can be used for identification or verification purposes. Tattoo is an example of such a soft biometric trait. Unlike face-based biometric systems that used in both same-spectral and cross-spectral matching scenarios, tattoo-based human identification is still a not fully explored area of research. At this point in time there are no pre-processing, feature extraction and matching algorithms using tattoo images captured at multiple bands. This thesis is focused on exploring solutions on two main challenging problems. The first one is cross-spectral tattoo matching. The proposed algorithmic approach is using as an input raw Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) band tattoo images and matches them successfully against their visible band counterparts. The SWIR tattoo images are captured at 1100 nm, 1200 nm, 1300 nm, 1400 nm and 1500 nm. After an empirical study where multiple photometric normalization techniques were used to pre-process the original multi-band tattoo images, only one was determined to significantly improve cross spectral tattoo matching performance. The second challenging problem was to develop a fully automatic visible-based tattoo image registration system based on SIFT descriptors and the RANSAC algorithm with a homography model. The proposed automated registration approach significantly improves the operational cost of a tattoo image identification system (using large scale tattoo image datasets), where the alignment of a pair of tattoo images by system operators needs to be performed manually. At the same time, tattoo matching accuracy is also improved (before vs. after automated alignment) by 45.87% for the NIST-Tatt-C database and 12.65% for the WVU-Tatt database

    Détection et dénombrement de la moyenne et grande faune par imagerie visible et infrarouge thermique acquise à l'aide d'un aéronef sans pilote (ASP)

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    L’inventaire aĂ©rien est une approche pratique pour effectuer l’inventaire de la grande faune sur de grands territoires; particuliĂšrement pour les zones peu accessibles. Toutefois, les limitations liĂ©es aux capacitĂ©s de dĂ©tection des observateurs, la coloration cryptique de certaines espĂšces fauniques et la complexitĂ© structurelle de certains habitats font en sorte que les inventaires ont gĂ©nĂ©ralement des biais qui sous-estiment la densitĂ© rĂ©elle de la population. Par ailleurs, peu d’études ont dĂ©montrĂ© la capacitĂ© d’effectuer la dĂ©tection aĂ©rienne simultanĂ©e de plusieurs espĂšces. La dĂ©tection multiespĂšce peut s’avĂ©rer utile pour les espĂšces qui se cĂŽtoient spatialement afin de connaĂźtre leur utilisation de l’espace, pour Ă©tudier la relation proie/prĂ©dateur et pour limiter les coĂ»ts Ă  un seul inventaire. Cette pratique s’avĂšre nĂ©anmoins trop exigeante pour les observateurs qui doivent dĂ©jĂ  faire preuve de beaucoup de concentration pour dĂ©tecter une seule espĂšce lors d’un inventaire aĂ©rien traditionnel. L’utilisation d’imagerie aĂ©rienne multispectrale acquise avec un aĂ©ronef sans pilote (ASP) reprĂ©sente une mĂ©thode potentielle pour la dĂ©tection d’une ou plusieurs espĂšces fauniques. Ce projet de recherche consistait donc dans un premier temps Ă  dĂ©tecter, identifier et dĂ©nombrer Ă  l’aide d’imagerie acquise avec un ASP et par traitements d’images les cerfs de Virginie (Odocoileus virginianus). DiffĂ©rentes combinaisons de bandes spectrales, mĂ©thodes d’analyses d’images et rĂ©solutions spatiales ont Ă©tĂ© testĂ©es pour dĂ©terminer la mĂ©thode la plus efficace pour la dĂ©tection du cerf. Dans un deuxiĂšme temps, la meilleure mĂ©thode identifiĂ©e pour les cerfs a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©e et adaptĂ©e pour effectuer la dĂ©tection simultanĂ©e des bisons d’AmĂ©rique (Bison bison), des daims europĂ©ens (Dama dama), des loups gris (Canis lupus) et des wapitis (Cervus canadensis). L’inventaire de la faune a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ© au Centre d’observation de la faune et d’interprĂ©tation de l’agriculture de Falardeau Ă  Saint-David-de-Falardeau, QuĂ©bec, Canada. Les rĂ©sultats dĂ©montrent que l’imagerie visible et infrarouge thermique avec une rĂ©solution spatiale de 0.8 cm/pixel combinĂ©e Ă  une analyse d’images par objet constitue la combinaison la plus efficace parmi celles testĂ©es pour la dĂ©tection des cerfs de Virginie. Tous les individus visibles Ă  l’Ɠil nu sur les mosaĂŻques ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ©s. NĂ©anmoins, considĂ©rant l’obstruction visuelle causĂ©e par la canopĂ©e conifĂ©rienne, cette approche offre un taux de dĂ©tectabilitĂ© moyen de 0.5, comparable aux inventaires aĂ©riens classiques. La complexitĂ© structurelle de l’habitat demeure ainsi un problĂšme non rĂ©solu. Quant Ă  l’analyse multiespĂšce, les bisons et les wapitis ont tous Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ©s mĂȘme en prĂ©sence d’autres espĂšces comme l’autruche (Struthio camelus), le coyote (Canis latrans) et l’ours noir (Ursus americanus). Pour les daims et les loups, entre 0 Ă  1 individu par parcelle a Ă©tĂ© confondu avec les autres Ă©lĂ©ments du paysage tels que le sol. De plus, entre 0 Ă  2 individus par parcelle n’ont pas Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ©s alors qu’ils Ă©taient prĂ©sents dans la ligne de vol. Non seulement cette approche a dĂ©montrĂ© sa capacitĂ© Ă  dĂ©tecter une ou plusieurs espĂšces, mais Ă©galement son adaptabilitĂ© Ă  cibler spĂ©cifiquement les espĂšces d’intĂ©rĂȘts pour le gestionnaire et Ă  ignorer celles qui ne sont pas ciblĂ©es. Ce projet a donc permis de valider le potentiel des ASP pour l’acquisition d’imagerie d’une qualitĂ© permettant l’extraction de donnĂ©es d’inventaires. Cela ouvre la voie Ă  l’utilisation de ce type de plateforme d’acquisition pour des applications reliĂ©es Ă  la gestion de la faune grĂące Ă  leur faible impact sonore et leur haut taux de revisite. Toutefois, la rĂ©glementation canadienne actuelle limite l’utilisation de ces appareils sur de faibles superficies. Il n’en demeure pas moins que la technologie peut ĂȘtre dĂ©veloppĂ©e en attendant les futurs progrĂšs du domaine des ASP et de la rĂ©glementation
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