Management of Big Annotations in Relational Database Management Systems

Annotations play a key role in understanding and describing the data, and annotation management has become an integral component in most emerging applications such as scientific databases. Scientists need to exchange not only data but also their thoughts, comments and annotations on the data as well. Annotations represent comments, Lineage of data, description and much more. Therefore, several annotation management techniques have been proposed to efficiently and abstractly handle the annotations. However, with the increasing scale of collaboration and the extensive use of annotations among users and scientists, the number and size of the annotations may far exceed the size of the original data itself. However, current annotation management techniques don’t address large scale annotation management. In this work, we propose three chapters to that tackle the Big annotations from three different perspectives (1) User-Centric Annotation Propagation, (2) Proactive Annotation Management and (3) InsightNotes Summary-Based Querying. We capture users\u27 preferences in profiles and personalizes the annotation propagation at query time by reporting the most relevant annotations (per tuple) for each user based on time plan. We provide three Time-Based plans, support static and dynamic profiles for each user. We support a proactive annotation management which suggests data tuples to be annotated in case new annotation has a reference to a data value and user doesn’t annotate the data precisely. Moreover, we provide an extension on the InsightNotes: Summary-Based Annotation Management in Relational Databases by adding query language that enable the user to query the annotation summaries and add predicates on the annotation summaries themselves. Our system is implemented inside PostgreSQL

Across Space and Time. Papers from the 41st Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology, Perth, 25-28 March 2013

This volume presents a selection of the best papers presented at the forty-first annual Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology. The theme for the conference was "Across Space and Time", and the papers explore a multitude of topics related to that concept, including databases, the semantic Web, geographical information systems, data collection and management, and more

DH Benelux Journal 4. The Humanities in a Digital World

The fourth volume of the DH Benelux Journal. This volume includes seven full-length, peer-reviewed articles that are based on accepted contributions to the 2021 virtual DH Benelux conference. Contents: 1. Editors' Preface (Wout Dillen, Margherita Fantoli, Marijn Koolen, Marieke van Erp); 2. Introduction: The Humanities in a Digital World (Lorella Viola, Jelena Prokic, Antske Fokkens, Tommaso Caselli); 3. A Game of Persistence, Self-doubt, and Curiosity: Surveying Code Literacy in Digital Humanities (Elli Bleeker, Marijn Koolen, Kaspar Beelen, Liliana Melgar, Joris van Zundert, Sally Chambers); 4. Introducing the DHARPA Project: An Interdisciplinary Lab to Enable Critical DH Practice (Angela R. Cunningham, Helena Jaskov, Sean Takats, Lorella Viola); 5. Examining a Multi Layered Approach for Classification of OCR Quality without Ground Truth (Mirjam Cuper); 6. Modeling Ontologies for Individual Artists: A Case Study of a Dutch Ceramic Glass Sculptor (Victor de Boer, Daan Raven, Erik Esmeijer, Johan Oome); 7. Judging a Book by its Criticism: A Digital Analysis of the Professional and Community Driven Literary Criticism of the Ingeborg-Bachmann-Preis (Lore De Greve, Gunther Martens); 8. When No News is Bad News. News-Based Change Detection during COVID-19 (Kristoffer L. Nielbo, Frida Hæstrup, Kenneth C. Enevoldsen, Peter B. Vahlstrup, Rebekah B. Baglini, Andreas Roepstorff); 9. Combining Tools with Linked Data: a Social History Example (Ivo Zandhuis)

Data Reuse in Museum Contexts: Experiences of Archaeologists and Botanists.

In recent years, data reuse has become a prominent goal in a number of disciplines, in recognition of the potential of new combinations and analyses of data to address new questions. While data sharing infrastructure supporting research communities has grown, so too has a body of literature addressing the barriers to data reuse. One institution largely omitted from examinations of data reuse, however, is the museum. Museums hold vast collections related to natural and human history which function as data sources in the work of many researchers. Decisions made by museum staff about methods of data selection, validation, and representation have important implications for future research use. However, little is known about the ways that researchers find, evaluate, and interpret data in museums. In response to this gap, I developed two research questions. First, what is the relationship between museum objects, their representations, and research use? Second, what factors influence the practices of staff members as they describe and manage museum data? I addressed these questions through a comparative case study of the data practices of staff and researchers using two museum collections, an archaeology museum and a herbarium. I conducted 45 semi-structured interviews with staff members and researchers between the two sites, supplementing this primary data with non-participant observation of the data practices of six of these individuals, and with archival research into the historical factors influencing the representation and use of data at the two museums. The main contribution of this work is an understanding of how researchers utilize museum data in two domains. Researchers used complex accumulations of museum objects and their representations to address different types of research goals, applying the evidential norms of their research communities to their approach to data. I characterized their use of research data as primarily type-based, involving comparative analysis of objects, or provenance-based, in which documentation of an object’s source was the most vital information. The study contributes a nuanced understanding of the work of collection managers and curators to increase the value and accessibility of museum data through the application of their own expertise in information systems and content.PHDInformationUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108953/1/mgdaniel_1.pd

Across Space and Time Papers from the 41st Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology, Perth, 25-28 March 2013

The present volume includes 50 selected peer-reviewed papers presented at the 41st Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology Across Space and Time (CAA2013) conference held in Perth (Western Australia) in March 2013 at the University Club of Western Australia and hosted by the recently established CAA Australia National Chapter. It also hosts a paper presented at the 40th Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (CAA2012) conference held in Southampton

Building blocks for semantic data organization on the desktop

Die Organisation von (Multimedia-) Daten auf Desktop-Systemen wird derzeit hauptsächlich durch das Einordnen von Dateien in ein hierarchisches Dateisystem bewerkstelligt. Zusätzlich werden gewisse Inhalte (z.B. Musik oder Fotos) von spezialisierter Software mit Hilfe Datei-bezogener Metadaten verwaltet. Diese Metadaten werden meist direkt im Dateikopf in einer Unzahl verschiedener, vorwiegend proprietärer Formate gespeichert. Allgemein nehmen Metadaten und Links die Schlüsselrollen in fortgeschrittenen Datenorganisationskonzepten ein, ihre eingeschränkte Unterstützung in vorherrschenden Dateisystemen macht die Einführung solcher Konzepte auf dem Desktop jedoch schwierig: Erstens müssen Anwendungen sowohl Dateiformat als auch Metadatenschema verstehen um auf Metadaten zugreifen zu können; zweitens ist ein getrennter Zugriff auf Daten und Metadaten nicht möglich und drittens kann man solche Metadaten nicht mit mehreren Dateien oder mit Dateiordnern assoziieren obgleich letztere die derzeit wichtigsten Konstrukte für die Dateiorganisation darstellen. Dies bedeutet in weiterer Folge: (i) eingeschränkte Möglichkeiten der Datenorganisation, (ii) eingeschränkte Navigationsmöglichkeiten, (iii) schlechte Auffindbarkeit der gespeicherten Daten, und (iv) Fragmentierung von Metadaten. Obschon es Versuche gab, diese Situation (zum Beispiel mit Hilfe semantischer Dateisysteme) zu verbessern, wurden die meisten dieser Probleme bisher vor allem im Web und im Speziellen im semantischen Web adressiert und gelöst. Das Anwenden dort entwickelter Lösungen auf dem Desktop, einer zentralen Plattform der Daten- und Metadatenmanipulation, wäre zweifellos von Vorteil. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein neues, rückwärts-kompatibles Metadatenmodell als Lösungsversuch für die oben genannten Probleme präsentiert. Dieses Modell basiert auf stabilen Datei-Identifikatoren und externen, semantischen, Datei- bezogenen Metadatenbeschreibungen welche im RDF Graphenmodell repräsentiert werden. Diese Beschreibungen sind durch eine einheitliche Linked-Data- Schnittstelle zugänglich und können mit anderen Beschreibungen und Ressourcen verlinkt werden. Im Speziellen erlaubt dieses Modell semantische Links zwischen lokalen Dateisystemobjekten und Netzressourcen im Web sowie im entstehenden “Daten Web” und ermöglicht somit die Integration dieser Datenräume. Das Modell hängt entscheidend von der Stabilität dieser Links ab weshalb zwei Algorithmen präsentiert werden, welche deren Integrität in lokalen und vernetzten Umgebungen erhalten können. Dies bedeutet, dass Links zwischen Dateisystemobjekten, Metadatenbeschreibungen und Netzressourcen nicht brechen wenn sich deren Adressen ändern, z.B. wenn Dateien verschoben oder Linked-Data Ressourcen unter geänderten URIs publiziert werden. Schließlich wird eine prototypische Implementierung des vorgeschlagenen Metadatenmodells präsentiert, welche demonstriert wie die Summe dieser Bausteine eine Metadatenschicht bildet die als Grundlage für semantische Datenorganisation auf dem Desktop verwendet werden kann.The organization of (multimedia) data on current desktop systems is done to a large part by arranging files in hierarchical file systems, but also by specialized applications (e.g., music or photo organizing software) that make use of file-related metadata for this task. These metadata are predominantly stored in embedded file headers, using a magnitude of mainly proprietary formats. Generally, metadata and links play the key roles in advanced data organization concepts. Their limited support in prevalent file system implementations, however, hinders the adoption of such concepts on the desktop: First, non-uniform access interfaces require metadata consuming applications to understand both a file’s format and its metadata scheme; second, separate data/metadata access is not possible, and third, metadata cannot be attached to multiple files or to file folders although the latter are the primary constructs for file organization. As a consequence of this, current desktops suffer, inter alia, from (i) limited data organization possibilities, (ii) limited navigability, (iii) limited data findability, and (iv) metadata fragmentation. Although there were attempts to improve this situation, e.g., by introducing semantic file systems, most of these issues were successfully addressed and solved in the Web and in particular in the Semantic Web and reusing these solutions on the desktop, a central hub of data and metadata manipulation, is clearly desirable. In this thesis a novel, backwards-compatible metadata model that addresses the above-mentioned issues is introduced. This model is based on stable file identifiers and external, file-related, semantic metadata descriptions that are represented using the generic RDF graph model. Descriptions are accessible via a uniform Linked Data interface and can be linked with other descriptions and resources. In particular, this model enables semantic linking between local file system objects and remote resources on the Web or the emerging Web of Data, thereby enabling the integration of these data spaces. As the model crucially relies on the stability of these links, we contribute two algorithms that preserve their integrity in local and in remote environments. This means that links between file system objects, metadata descriptions and remote resources do not break even if their addresses change, e.g., when files are moved or Linked Data resources are re-published using different URIs. Finally, we contribute a prototypical implementation of the proposed metadata model that demonstrates how these building blocks sum up to constitute a metadata layer that may act as a foundation for semantic data organization on the desktop

Research in the Archival Multiverse

Over the past 15 years, the field of archival studies around the world has experienced unprecedented growth within the academy and within the profession, and archival studies graduate education programs today have among the highest enrolments in any information field. During the same period, there has also been unparalleled expansion and innovation in the diversity of methods and theories being applied in archival scholarship. Global in scope, Research in the Archival Multiverse compiles critical and reflective essays across a wide range of emerging research areas and interests in archival studies; it aims to provide current and future archival academics with a text addressing possible methods and theoretical frameworks that have been and might be used in archival scholarship and research