Towards the Teraflop CFD

We are surveying current projects in the area of parallel supercomputers. The machines considered here will become commercially available in the 1990 - 1992 time frame. All are suitable for exploring the critical issues in applying parallel processors to large scale scientific computations, in particular CFD calculations. This chapter presents an overview of the surveyed machines, and a detailed analysis of the various architectural and technology approaches taken. Particular emphasis is placed on the feasibility of a Teraflops capability following the paths proposed by various developers

Analysis of Competitive and Cooperative Technology Strategies of Electronics Firms in the Greater China Region

This paper integrates several theoretical perspectives to discuss the attributes of successful implementing strategic alliances and supply chain management strategies in high-technology industries. A multiple- case study of Taiwanese and Chinese electronics industries is presented to demonstrate how and why different firms apply different technology strategies in alliances and supply chain formations. Due to intense global competition, technological integration, and product life-cycle time compression, Taiwanese and Chinese high-technology firms are suggested to formulate and implement a coherent technology strategy to enhance their global competitiveness. By applying an integrated framework based on major theoretical perspectives studying the formulation and implementation of competitive and cooperative strategies, the results of this multiple-case study concludes that six closely related strategies, i.e., supply chain positioning, operation efficiency, strategic motives, resource complementarity, organizational learning and capabilities, and strategic flexibility, can be employed by business executives in formulating alliances and supply chain strategies. The research findings serve as an illustration of the multi-dimensionality and complexity of alliance strategies. The framework also provides a useful start to better understanding the dynamic nature of formulating competitive and cooperative technology strategies and to facilitate the effective evaluation of the conditions under these strategies might achieve optimal results

Emerging business models

Magretta (2002) suggests, using the example of American Express in the nineteenth century, that: " a successful business model represents a better way than the existing alternatives. It may offer more value to a discrete group of customers. Or it may completely replace the old way of doing things and become the standard for the next generation of entrepreneurs to beat". Adding substance with: "… all new business models are variations on the generic value chain underlying all businesses. Broadly speaking, this chain has two parts. Part one includes all the activities associated with making something: designing it purchasing raw materials, manufacturing and so on. Part two includes all the activities associated with selling something: finding and reaching customers, transacting a sale, distributing the product or delivering the service. A new business model's plot may turn on designing a new product for an unmet need … Or it may turn on a process innovation, a better way of making or selling or distributing an already.

Biomanufacturing Technologies for Regenerative Medicine

Regenerative Medicine has the potential to be a game-changer for patients who have damaged tissues or organs due to untreatable diseases, injuries, and congenital conditions. Lab-based innovations have shown great promise in restoring structure and function, but to deliver treatments to large numbers of patients in a clinical setting, new tools and technologies are needed. Regenerative Medicine is a new area of medical research that seeks to automate and scale-up the production and deployment of these groundbreaking solutions. The technologies discussed in this report are intentionally pre-competitive, meaning that the Federal Government may choose to play a role in additional growth via well-informed initiatives. Governmental support can come in the form of additional research & development (R&D) dollars that are magnified by private co-investment, or can be in the form of non-pecuniary actions such as modifications to the regulatory environment to better support this rapidly changing field. Ideally, a cooperative relationship between government and private industry will result in cross-industry, pre-competitive tools that decrease development cost and time while still respecting individual intellectual property ownership within a competitive environment. This report identifies promising biomanufacturing platforms that will provide a foundation for the automation and standardization of the processes associated with successful scale-up and scale-out. After evaluating a range of potential translational technology options according to their suitability for co-investment and cross-industry appeal, two platform technologies and two enabling tools were selected: Platform Technology #1: 3D Constructs, including Organoids, Scaffolds, and Printed Tissues; Platform Technology #2: Biomanufacturing Processes; Enabling tool #1: Scaled-up bioreactors for cell culture; Enabling tool #2: Improvements in cell harvesting, cell processing, and preservation technologies.National Science Foundation, Grant No. 1552534https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144783/1/RegenMedicine_Final.pdfDescription of RegenMedicine_Final.pdf : Repor

Biopsychosocial Assessment and Ergonomics Intervention for Sustainable Living: A Case Study on Flats

This study proposes an ergonomics-based approach for those who are living in small housings (known as flats) in Indonesia. With regard to human capability and limitation, this research shows how the basic needs of human beings are captured and analyzed, followed by proposed designs of facilities and standard living in small housings. Ninety samples were involved during the study through in- depth interview and face-to-face questionnaire. The results show that there were some proposed of modification of critical facilities (such as multifunction ironing work station, bed furniture, and clothesline) and validated through usability testing. Overall, it is hoped that the proposed designs will support biopsychosocial needs and sustainability