18,210 research outputs found
What's in a compound? Review article on Lieber and Å tekauer (eds) 2009. 'The Oxford Handbook of Compounding'
The Oxford Handbook of Compounding surveys a variety of theoretical and descriptive issues, presenting overviews of compounding in a number of frameworks and sketches of compounding in a number of languages. Much of the book deals with Germanic nounānoun compounding. I take up some of the theoretical questions raised surrounding such constructions, in particular, the notion of attributive modification in noun-headed compounds. I focus on two issues. The first is the semantic relation between the head noun and its nominal modifier. Several authors repeat the argument that there is a small(-ish) fixed number of general semantic relations in nounānoun compounds (āLees's solutionā), but I argue that the correct way to look at such compounds is what I call āDowning's solutionā, in which we assume that the relation is specified pragmatically, and hence could be any relation at all. The second issue is the way that adjectives modify nouns inside compounds. Although there are languages in which compounded adjectives modify just as they do in phrases (Chukchee, Arleplog Swedish), in general the adjective has a classifier role and not that of a compositional attributive modifier. Thus, even if an English (or German) adjectiveānoun compound looks compositional, it isn't
Transfer and Multi-Task Learning for Noun-Noun Compound Interpretation
In this paper, we empirically evaluate the utility of transfer and multi-task
learning on a challenging semantic classification task: semantic interpretation
of noun--noun compounds. Through a comprehensive series of experiments and
in-depth error analysis, we show that transfer learning via parameter
initialization and multi-task learning via parameter sharing can help a neural
classification model generalize over a highly skewed distribution of relations.
Further, we demonstrate how dual annotation with two distinct sets of relations
over the same set of compounds can be exploited to improve the overall accuracy
of a neural classifier and its F1 scores on the less frequent, but more
difficult relations.Comment: EMNLP 2018: Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language
Processing (EMNLP
A comparison of parsing technologies for the biomedical domain
This paper reports on a number of experiments which are designed to investigate the extent to which current nlp resources are able to syntactically and semantically analyse biomedical text. We address two tasks: parsing a real corpus with a hand-built widecoverage grammar, producing both syntactic analyses and logical forms; and automatically computing the interpretation of compound nouns where the head is a nominalisation (e.g., hospital arrival means an arrival at hospital, while patient arrival means an arrival of a patient). For the former task we demonstrate that exible and yet constrained `preprocessing ' techniques are crucial to success: these enable us to use part-of-speech tags to overcome inadequate lexical coverage, and to `package up' complex technical expressions prior to parsing so that they are blocked from creating misleading amounts of syntactic complexity. We argue that the xml-processing paradigm is ideally suited for automatically preparing the corpus for parsing. For the latter task, we compute interpretations of the compounds by exploiting surface cues and meaning paraphrases, which in turn are extracted from the parsed corpus. This provides an empirical setting in which we can compare the utility of a comparatively deep parser vs. a shallow one, exploring the trade-o between resolving attachment ambiguities on the one hand and generating errors in the parses on the other. We demonstrate that a model of the meaning of compound nominalisations is achievable with the aid of current broad-coverage parsers
INDONESIAN NOUN PHRASE=NOUN+NOUN:A SEMANTIC PERSPECTIVE
This paper analyzes the nature of the Indonesian noun + noun constructed noun
phrase. Basically, there are two thoughts responding to the nature of Indonesia noun phrase,
and compound words. First, there is no concept of compound words; it is only noun phrase
that exist in Indonesian. Second, there is the concept of compound words in Indonesian.
Believing that different words have different referents, accordingly noun phrase are also
different from compound words. The empirical data employed in this paper proves it. It
falsifies an assumption arguing that it does not exist compound words in Indonesian. The
results of it demonstrate that the nature of the relationship of the interconstituent of noun +
noun constructed Indonesian noun phrase can be classified into four characteristics. Those
four are (1)ownership;(2)intendedness;(3)origin; and (4)ownership, about, and by
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