3,743 research outputs found
An Analysis of Service Ontologies
Services are increasingly shaping the world’s economic activity. Service provision and consumption have been profiting from advances in ICT, but the decentralization and heterogeneity of the involved service entities still pose engineering challenges. One of these challenges is to achieve semantic interoperability among these autonomous entities. Semantic web technology aims at addressing this challenge on a large scale, and has matured over the last years. This is evident from the various efforts reported in the literature in which service knowledge is represented in terms of ontologies developed either in individual research projects or in standardization bodies. This paper aims at analyzing the most relevant service ontologies available today for their suitability to cope with the service semantic interoperability challenge. We take the vision of the Internet of Services (IoS) as our motivation to identify the requirements for service ontologies. We adopt a formal approach to ontology design and evaluation in our analysis. We start by defining informal competency questions derived from a motivating scenario, and we identify relevant concepts and properties in service ontologies that match the formal ontological representation of these questions. We analyze the service ontologies with our concepts and questions, so that each ontology is positioned and evaluated according to its utility. The gaps we identify as the result of our analysis provide an indication of open challenges and future work
Ambient-aware continuous care through semantic context dissemination
Background: The ultimate ambient-intelligent care room contains numerous sensors and devices to monitor the patient, sense and adjust the environment and support the staff. This sensor-based approach results in a large amount of data, which can be processed by current and future applications, e. g., task management and alerting systems. Today, nurses are responsible for coordinating all these applications and supplied information, which reduces the added value and slows down the adoption rate. The aim of the presented research is the design of a pervasive and scalable framework that is able to optimize continuous care processes by intelligently reasoning on the large amount of heterogeneous care data.
Methods: The developed Ontology-based Care Platform (OCarePlatform) consists of modular components that perform a specific reasoning task. Consequently, they can easily be replicated and distributed. Complex reasoning is achieved by combining the results of different components. To ensure that the components only receive information, which is of interest to them at that time, they are able to dynamically generate and register filter rules with a Semantic Communication Bus (SCB). This SCB semantically filters all the heterogeneous care data according to the registered rules by using a continuous care ontology. The SCB can be distributed and a cache can be employed to ensure scalability.
Results: A prototype implementation is presented consisting of a new-generation nurse call system supported by a localization and a home automation component. The amount of data that is filtered and the performance of the SCB are evaluated by testing the prototype in a living lab. The delay introduced by processing the filter rules is negligible when 10 or fewer rules are registered.
Conclusions: The OCarePlatform allows disseminating relevant care data for the different applications and additionally supports composing complex applications from a set of smaller independent components. This way, the platform significantly reduces the amount of information that needs to be processed by the nurses. The delay resulting from processing the filter rules is linear in the amount of rules. Distributed deployment of the SCB and using a cache allows further improvement of these performance results
RESTful framework for collaborative internet of things based on IEC 61850
El contenido de los capĂtulos 2 y 3 está sujeto a confidencialidad
161 p.En 1991, Mark Weiser formulĂł el paradigma de ComputaciĂłn Ubicua definiendo el concepto de Entorno Inteligente como un espacio fĂsico repleto de dispositivos, muy integrados en el entorno, y con capacidades de identificaciĂłn, sensorizaciĂłn y actuaciĂłn. Internet de las Cosas (IoT) expande el ámbito de localizaciĂłn de estos dispositivos y servicios ubicuos, representados como cosas, de un entorno local a internet como red global. Para la implementaciĂłn de estos escenarios de aplicaciĂłn, la colaboraciĂłn entre las cosas es uno de los principales retos de investigaciĂłn. El objetivo de esta colaboraciĂłn es ser capaces de satisfacer necesidades globales mediante la combinaciĂłn de servicios individuales. Esta Tesis propone una arquitectura colaborativa entre las cosas desplegadas en internet.Las tecnologĂas alrededor de los Servicios Web SOAP/XML, adecuadas para IoT, soportan aspectos claves para un sistema colaborativo como la publicaciĂłn, descubrimiento, control y gestiĂłn de eventos de los dispositivos. Como alternativa, REST ha ganado terreno en este ámbito por ser considerada una opciĂłn más ligera, sencilla y natural para la comunicaciĂłn en internet. Sin embargo, no existen protocolos para descubrimiento y gestiĂłn de eventos para recursos REST. Esta Tesis aborda dicha carencia proponiendo una especificaciĂłn de estos protocolos para arquitecturas REST. Otro aspecto importante es la representaciĂłn, a nivel de aplicaciĂłn, de las cosas distribuidas. Entre las propuestas para la estandarizaciĂłn de los modelos de informaciĂłn y comunicaciĂłn en este dominio que podrĂan aplicarse, de manera similar, a IoT, destaca el estándar IEC 61850. Sin embargo, los protocolos de comunicaciĂłn definidos por el estándar no son adecuados para IoT. Esta Tesis analiza la idoneidad del IEC 61850 para escenarios IoT y propone un protocolo de comunicaciĂłn REST para sus servicios.Por Ăşltimo, se trata la problemática asociada a la confiabilidad que debe proporcionar una arquitectura IoT para dominios de aplicaciĂłn relacionados con la salud o sistemas de seguridad funcional (Safety)
Security Management Framework for the Internet of Things
The increase in the design and development of wireless communication technologies
offers multiple opportunities for the management and control of cyber-physical systems
with connections between smart and autonomous devices, which provide the delivery
of simplified data through the use of cloud computing. Given this relationship with the
Internet of Things (IoT), it established the concept of pervasive computing that allows
any object to communicate with services, sensors, people, and objects without human
intervention. However, the rapid growth of connectivity with smart applications through
autonomous systems connected to the internet has allowed the exposure of numerous
vulnerabilities in IoT systems by malicious users.
This dissertation developed a novel ontology-based cybersecurity framework to
improve security in IoT systems using an ontological analysis to adapt appropriate
security services addressed to threats. The composition of this proposal explores
two approaches: (1) design time, which offers a dynamic method to build security
services through the application of a methodology directed to models considering
existing business processes; and (2) execution time, which involves monitoring the IoT
environment, classifying vulnerabilities and threats, and acting in the environment,
ensuring the correct adaptation of existing services.
The validation approach was used to demonstrate the feasibility of implementing the
proposed cybersecurity framework. It implies the evaluation of the ontology to offer
a qualitative evaluation based on the analysis of several criteria and also a proof of
concept implemented and tested using specific industrial scenarios. This dissertation
has been verified by adopting a methodology that follows the acceptance in the research
community through technical validation in the application of the concept in an industrial
setting.O aumento no projeto e desenvolvimento de tecnologias de comunicação sem fio oferece
mĂşltiplas oportunidades para a gestĂŁo e controle de sistemas ciber-fĂsicos com conexões
entre dispositivos inteligentes e autĂ´nomos, os quais proporcionam a entrega de dados
simplificados através do uso da computação em nuvem. Diante dessa relação com
a Internet das Coisas (IoT) estabeleceu-se o conceito de computação pervasiva que
permite que qualquer objeto possa comunicar com os serviços, sensores, pessoas e objetos
sem intervenção humana. Entretanto, o rápido crescimento da conectividade com as
aplicações inteligentes através de sistemas autônomos conectados com a internet permitiu
a exposição de inúmeras vulnerabilidades dos sistemas IoT para usuários maliciosos.
Esta dissertação desenvolveu um novo framework de cibersegurança baseada em
ontologia para melhorar a segurança em sistemas IoT usando uma análise ontológica
para a adaptação de serviços de segurança apropriados endereçados para as ameaças. A
composição dessa proposta explora duas abordagens: (1) tempo de projeto, o qual oferece
um método dinâmico para construir serviços de segurança através da aplicação de uma
metodologia dirigida a modelos, considerando processos empresariais existentes; e (2)
tempo de execução, o qual envolve o monitoramento do ambiente IoT, a classificação de
vulnerabilidades e ameaças, e a atuação no ambiente garantindo a correta adaptação dos
serviços existentes.
Duas abordagens de validação foram utilizadas para demonstrar a viabilidade da
implementação do framework de cibersegurança proposto. Isto implica na avaliação da
ontologia para oferecer uma avaliação qualitativa baseada na análise de diversos critérios
e tambĂ©m uma prova de conceito implementada e testada usando cenários especĂficos.
Esta dissertação foi validada adotando uma metodologia que segue a validação na
comunidade cientĂfica atravĂ©s da validação tĂ©cnica na aplicação do nosso conceito em
um cenário industrial
Service Level Agreement-based GDPR Compliance and Security assurance in (multi)Cloud-based systems
Compliance with the new European General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) and security
assurance are currently two major challenges of Cloud-based systems. GDPR compliance implies both privacy and security
mechanisms definition, enforcement and control, including evidence collection. This paper presents a novel DevOps
framework aimed at supporting Cloud consumers in designing, deploying and operating (multi)Cloud systems that include
the necessary privacy and security controls for ensuring transparency to end-users, third parties in service provision (if any)
and law enforcement authorities. The framework relies on the risk-driven specification at design time of privacy and security
level objectives in the system Service Level Agreement (SLA) and in their continuous monitoring and enforcement at runtime.The research leading to these results has received
funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644429
and No 780351, MUSA project and ENACT project,
respectively. We would also like to acknowledge all the
members of the MUSA Consortium and ENACT Consortium
for their valuable help
Autonomic care platform for optimizing query performance
Background: As the amount of information in electronic health care systems increases, data operations get more complicated and time-consuming. Intensive Care platforms require a timely processing of data retrievals to guarantee the continuous display of recent data of patients. Physicians and nurses rely on this data for their decision making. Manual optimization of query executions has become difficult to handle due to the increased amount of queries across multiple sources. Hence, a more automated management is necessary to increase the performance of database queries. The autonomic computing paradigm promises an approach in which the system adapts itself and acts as self-managing entity, thereby limiting human interventions and taking actions. Despite the usage of autonomic control loops in network and software systems, this approach has not been applied so far for health information systems.
Methods: We extend the COSARA architecture, an infection surveillance and antibiotic management service platform for the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), with self-managed components to increase the performance of data retrievals. We used real-life ICU COSARA queries to analyse slow performance and measure the impact of optimizations. Each day more than 2 million COSARA queries are executed. Three control loops, which monitor the executions and take action, have been proposed: reactive, deliberative and reflective control loops. We focus on improvements of the execution time of microbiology queries directly related to the visual displays of patients' data on the bedside screens.
Results: The results show that autonomic control loops are beneficial for the optimizations in the data executions in the ICU. The application of reactive control loop results in a reduction of 8.61% of the average execution time of microbiology results. The combined application of the reactive and deliberative control loop results in an average query time reduction of 10.92% and the combination of reactive, deliberative and reflective control loops provides a reduction of 13.04%.
Conclusions: We found that by controlled reduction of queries' executions the performance for the end-user can be improved. The implementation of autonomic control loops in an existing health platform, COSARA, has a positive effect on the timely data visualization for the physician and nurse
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