Mobile Cultural Heritage Apps for the Digital Literacy of the Dayak Tribe, Borneo, Indonesia

Digital mobile devices and cultural heritage should be framed within the traditional knowledge management system as an informal learning tool in supporting cultural digital literacy to help build a comprehensive picture of a nation's identity. To this end, the paper develops a mobile cultural heritage application for the traditional knowledge management system of the Dayak tribe in Borneo. The method for its development refers to the 5R Architecture Framework. Information contents for the knowledge management system refer to the cultural heritage domain in UNESCO and the domain of the Indonesian Archipelago Culture Initiatives (IACI) organization. The result was the development of a prototype of a mobile cultural heritage app. It was presented to demonstrate how the use of a cultural framework can offer insight into how 5R adaptation features and IACI content are able to complement traditional cultural heritage pedagogies by providing mobile learning at the Right Time, in the Right Location, to the Right Users, with the right Device and the Right Content

Linking buildings, archives and museums of the 19th century Turin's Cultural Heritage

The documentation of Cultural Heritage asset is the basis for all the interventions and policies on Cultural heritage conservation and management. The documentation is mainly based on historic knowledge and metric survey. As far as historic knowledge is concerned many information are still recorded and preserved inside written documents that are usually not easy to reach and correctly understandable by all the experts that have specific responsibilities on Cultural Heritage. The digitalization of documents (hardly faced in the last years) is not sufficient to guarantee the effective access to the historical information useful inside a documentation process. The documentation always needs an historical interpretation based on a critical reading produced by linking heterogeneous materials. Iconography also is an important source when it is correctly interpreted and linked to other sources. IT development and digital technology diffusion allowed offering new way to record, organize and share historical information: GIS and 3D modeling can be used as standard approaches to transfer the historical knowledge in a proper way to specialists involved in Cultural Heritage conservation and management. They have been generally used as tool to represent information for different targets, the ones mostly for specialized users, the others for edutainment. GIS are largely diffused yet in the Cultural Heritage management, and 3D modeling is wide spread used in museums communication. Nevertheless, both of them have more potential. They could be integrated in order to manage different data set related with the same matter. They could be used to make new research by surveying and improving interpretation in a way ready to transmit the outcomes. To produce a new generation of affordable digital historical products is necessary that the GIS and 3D modeling design and realization would be developed in a multidisciplinary approach that must be explained and demonstrated to the people that in the future will offer to the community this expertise. The paper describes a teaching and research training experience started two years ago at the Politecnico di Torino in the master course on Architecture (Conservation)

Contribution to the kownledge of cultural heritage via a Heritage Information System (HIS): the case of “La Cultura del Agua” in Valverde de Burguillos, Badajoz (Spain)

Modern science is going through a period of important reflection on the role of different agents and multiple disciplines in the management and safeguarding of architectural heritage. This new focus generates a greater amount and diversity of information, so the implementation of a unifying tool in the framework of digital information models would mean a better knowledge of cultural heritage as well as aiding its safeguarding and protection. In addition, it must be taken into account that, for the correct management of information in its broadest dimension, this tool must make it possible to relate alphanumeric data about an item of heritage to its spatial location. In this sense, this article proposes a Heritage Information System (HIS)—understood as a digital knowledge tool—that consists of a relational database and a map manager with Geographic Information System (GIS) technology (a geodatabase). The methodology suggested here sets out the steps that make up the HIS, so that the system can be applied to other geographical elements or realities. For this reason, a study was made of “La Cultura del Agua” in Valverde de Burguillos (Spain), a heritage ensemble that consists of rural architecture and dispersed preindustrial elements, which are currently at risk. The HIS seeks to develop a more complete identification of these elements (individually and as a system) and a justified argument for their being given value and great visibility. This new approach encourages sustainable development in terms of efficiency and effectiveness for the analysis, diagnosis, and reactivation of cultural heritage, always placing importance on the balance of social participation with the territory in which the system is applied, and with global societ

Las plataformas de conocimiento: la evaluación práctica del patrimonio arquitectónico y la era de la información en Sudáfrica

[EN] The intellectual basis for preservation and conservation is formed by the study, record and dissemination of the works of humanity. Due to the negative impacts of exponential city growth, through densification and the impact of climate change, more considered design approaches need to be made for the reuse and adaptation of buildings in historical contexts. The fast pace of project design, and implementation, in the 21st century, has fostered the need for directly accessible architectural heritage knowledge. Therefore, architectural heritage practice demands access to curated information to ensure considered, and appropriate, design responses. This is important, not only for heritage and other related practitioners, but also for researchers and students. The advent of the Information Age initiated new methodologies for archiving knowledge. These developments provided architectural heritage practice with extended platforms of knowledge, either born-digital or founded on analogue princip[ES] La base intelectual para la preservación y la conservación está formada por el estudio, el registro y la difusión de las obras de la humanidad. Debido a los impactos negativos del crecimiento exponencial de la ciudad, a través de la densificación y el impacto del cambio climático, se necesitan enfoques de diseño que consideren más la reutilización yla  adaptación de los edificios en contextos históricos. El rápido ritmo de diseño y ejecución de los proyectos en el siglo XXI ha fomentado la necesidad de contar directamente con conocimientos accesibles sobre el patrimonio arquitectónico. Por lo tanto, la práctica del patrimonio arquitectónico exige el acceso a información comisariada para asegurar respuestas de diseño consideradas y apropiadas. Esto es importante, no sólo para los profesionales del patrimonio y otros profesionales relacionados, sino también para los investigadores y estudiantes. El advenimiento de la Era de la Información inició nuevas metodologías para archivar el conocBarker, A.; Swart, J. (2020). Platforms of knowledge: architectural heritage practice and the information age in South Africa. Virtual Archaeology Review. 11(22):56-73. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.12234OJS56731122Association of Professional Heritage Practitioners (APHP). 2011. Code of Conduct for Heritage Assessment Practitioners. Retrieved from https://www.aphp.org.za/aphp-code-conductArmstrong, A. R. E. (2006). Architectural Archives/Archiving Architecture: The Digital ERA. Art Documentation: Journal of the Art Libraries Society of North America, 25(2), 12-17. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/27949434 - https://doi.org/10.1086/adx.25.2.27949434Australia ICOMOS. (2000). The Burra Charter: the Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance: with associated guidelines and code on the ethics of co-existence. Burwood, Vic.: Australia ICOMOS. https://www.icomos.org/australiaBall, J. (2017). Joburg gets a new online heritage system!. Available from: http://www.theheritageportal.co.za/article/joburg-gets-new-online-heritage-systemBarker, A., Swart, J. & Van Niekerk, K. (2016). The importance of Architectural Archives. Architecture South Africa, 79, 6-9.Brusaporci, S. (2017). Digital Innovations in Architectural Heritage Conservation: Emerging Research and Opportunities (pp. 1-152). Hershey, PA: IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2434-2City of Cape Town. (2019). Environment and heritage education resources. www.capetown.gov.za/Family%20and%20home/education-and-research-materials/graphics-and-educational-material/environment-and-heritage-education-resources.Department of Arts and Culture. (2010). National policy on the digitisation of heritage resources (draft). South Africa. Retrieved from http://www.archivalplatform.org/images/resources/NATIONAL_POLICY_ON_DIGITISATION_V8.pdfDepartment of Environmental Affairs (DEA). (2016). Cultural heritage survey guidelines and assessment tools for protected areas in South Africa. South Africa. Retrieved from https://www.environment.gov.za/sites/default/files/ legislations/culturalheritagesurveyguidelines_protectedareas2016_0.pdfDepartment of Environment and Heritage Protection. (2013). Assessing cultural heritage significance. Using the cultural heritage criteria. Queensland, Australia. Retrieved from https://www.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0030/ 66693/using-the-criteria.pdfDe Vletter, M. (2019). Don't Be Afraid of the Digital. Arts, 8(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/arts8010006Esperdy, G. (2013). Building Data: Field Notes on the Future of the Past. Places Journal, September. https://doi.org/10.22269/130923Evans, J. & Wilson, Z. (2018). Inclusive repositories and recordkeeping: towards a manifesto. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 24(8), 857-860. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2018.1428671Hawes, S. E. (2010). Curating Architecture: An Investigation of the Motives and Practice of Architectural Collection and Exhibition with Recommendations for Interpretation of the Architectural Study Collection at Independence National Historical Park. (Masters Thesis). University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/141/Hu, X., Ng, J., & Xia, S. (2018). User-Centered Evaluation of Metadata Schema for Nonmovable Cultural Heritage: Murals and Stone Cave Temples. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 69(12), 1476-1487. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24065Kleinman, K. (2002). Archiving/Architecture. Archival Science 1: 321-332, 2001. Kluwer Academic Publishers. https://www.nyu.edu/classes/bkg/methods/kleinman.pdf https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02438900Kleyn, L. (2018). Open access research publications and South African Institutional Repositories (IRs) in the context of intellectual property law and practices: and interdisciplinary study. Unpublished M(Phil) (Law) Thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.Kotze, P. (1998). In memory of Sophia Gray: Store houses of knowledge. S.A. Architect, Sept/Oct, 43-47.Liebetrau, P. (Ed). (2010). Managing Digital Collections: A Collaborative Initiative on the South African Framework. National Research Foundation. https://wiki.lib.sun.ac.za/images/5/51/Managing_Digital_Collections.pdfNational Archives and Records Service of South Africa (NARSSA). (2013). Digitisation Strategy. Retrieved from http://www.nationalarchives.gov.za/sites/default/files/National%20Archives%20Digitisation%20Strategy%20-%20approved%20November%202013.pdfNational Heritage Resource Act 25 of 1999 (South Africa) (NHRA). Retrieved from http://www.dac.gov.za/sites/ default/files/Legislations%20Files/a25-99.pdfPhiri, L. & Suleman, H. (2013). Managing cultural heritage: information systems architecture. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00001008/01/phiri_iresearch2013_architecture.pdfPickover, M. (2014). Patrimony, Power and Politics: Selecting, Constructing and Preserving Digital Heritage Content in South Africa and Africa. http://library.ifla.org/1023/1/138-pickover-en.pdfPierce, K. (2011). Collaborative Efforts to Preserve Born-Digital Architectural Records: A Case Study. Art Documentation: Journal of the Art Libraries Society of North America, Vol. 30, No. 2 (Fall 2011), 43-48. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41244064 - https://doi.org/10.1086/adx.30.2.41244064Redweik, P., Cláudio, A., Carmo, M., Naranjo, J. & Sanjosé, J. (2017). Digital preservation of cultural and scientific heritage: involving university students to raise awareness of its importance. Virtual Archaeology Review, 8(16): 22-34. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2017.4629Ruiz Gil, J.-A. (2017). Digital heritage training for historians in Europe: a local proposal. Virtual Archaeology Review, 8(17), 56-63. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2017.4726Smuts, K., Mlungwana, N., & Wiltshire, N. G. (2016). SAHRIS: South Africa's integrated, web-based heritage management system. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, 6(2), 138-152. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHMSD-01-2016-0002Waters, D. & Garrett, J. (1996). Preserving Digital Information. Report of the Task Force on Archiving of Digital Information. Washington, DC: The Commission on Preservation and Access and Research Libraries Group. https://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub63/Willis, A. (1996). The Place of Repositories in the Universe of Architectural Documentation. American Archivist. Vol. 59, Spring. https://americanarchivist.org/doi/pdf/10.17723/aarc.59.2.l54510w443504578 - https://doi.org/10.17723/aarc.59.2.l54510w44350457

INTEGRATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SURVEY OUTPUT AND THE INFORMATION ASSET IN A 3D MODEL OF THE CASTELLO SFORZESCO IN MILAN

In recent years, the architecture domain, driven by today's digital transition, has been actively exploring the world of digital twins, also thanks to the technological advancement that supports the progress on the issue. Within this context, the present work deals with the wide world of Architectural Cultural Heritage digitization. It aims to obtain a tool to support knowledge, investigation, and management of the built heritage. The research proposes an approach for digital twin development that comprehensively describes the architectural asset, including elements that are no longer present or visible. For this purpose, the three-dimensional model collects the available heterogeneous geometric datum, inevitably characterized by different levels of accuracy. The digitization model designed involves the coexistence of objects belonging to different Levels of Geometric Information (LOGI). All types of data then cooperate in defining the overall geometric information. Therefore, this framework allows for exploiting geometric information from both geomatics digital surveys and historical sources. This system allows obtaining a digital model that includes the different evolutionary phases of architectural assets by providing an overall view of these structures, an essential notion for operating properly on this kind of architecture. The digitization system was tested on a particular case study, the Ghirlanda of the Castello Sforzesco in Milan. The complexity of the property and the richness of the information heritage guided this choice, providing the basis for an appropriate and effective experimental activity

NFDI4Culture - Consortium for research data on material and immaterial cultural heritage

Digital data on tangible and intangible cultural assets is an essential part of daily life, communication and experience. It has a lasting influence on the perception of cultural identity as well as on the interactions between research, the cultural economy and society. Throughout the last three decades, many cultural heritage institutions have contributed a wealth of digital representations of cultural assets (2D digital reproductions of paintings, sheet music, 3D digital models of sculptures, monuments, rooms, buildings), audio-visual data (music, film, stage performances), and procedural research data such as encoding and annotation formats. The long-term preservation and FAIR availability of research data from the cultural heritage domain is fundamentally important, not only for future academic success in the humanities but also for the cultural identity of individuals and society as a whole. Up to now, no coordinated effort for professional research data management on a national level exists in Germany. NFDI4Culture aims to fill this gap and create a usercentered, research-driven infrastructure that will cover a broad range of research domains from musicology, art history and architecture to performance, theatre, film, and media studies. The research landscape addressed by the consortium is characterized by strong institutional differentiation. Research units in the consortium's community of interest comprise university institutes, art colleges, academies, galleries, libraries, archives and museums. This diverse landscape is also characterized by an abundance of research objects, methodologies and a great potential for data-driven research. In a unique effort carried out by the applicant and co-applicants of this proposal and ten academic societies, this community is interconnected for the first time through a federated approach that is ideally suited to the needs of the participating researchers. To promote collaboration within the NFDI, to share knowledge and technology and to provide extensive support for its users have been the guiding principles of the consortium from the beginning and will be at the heart of all workflows and decision-making processes. Thanks to these principles, NFDI4Culture has gathered strong support ranging from individual researchers to highlevel cultural heritage organizations such as the UNESCO, the International Council of Museums, the Open Knowledge Foundation and Wikimedia. On this basis, NFDI4Culture will take innovative measures that promote a cultural change towards a more reflective and sustainable handling of research data and at the same time boost qualification and professionalization in data-driven research in the domain of cultural heritage. This will create a long-lasting impact on science, cultural economy and society as a whole

Linking buildings, archives and museums of the 19th century Turin's Cultural Heritage

The documentation of Cultural Heritage asset is the basis for all the interventions and policies on Cultural heritage conservation and management. The documentation is mainly based on historic knowledge and metric survey. As far as historic knowledge is concerned many information are still recorded and preserved inside written documents that are usually not easy to reach and correctly understandable by all the experts that have specific responsibilities on Cultural Heritage. The digitalization of documents (hardly faced in the last years) is not sufficient to guarantee the effective access to the historical information useful inside a documentation process. The documentation always needs an historical interpretation based on a critical reading produced by linking heterogeneous materials. Iconography also is an important source when it is correctly interpreted and linked to other sources. IT development and digital technology diffusion allowed offering new way to record, organize and share historical information: GIS and 3D modeling can be used as standard approaches to transfer the historical knowledge in a proper way to specialists involved in Cultural Heritage conservation and management. They have been generally used as tool to represent information for different targets, the ones mostly for specialized users, the others for edutainment. GIS are largely diffused yet in the Cultural Heritage management, and 3D modeling is wide spread used in museums communication. Nevertheless, both of them have more potential. They could be integrated in order to manage different data set related with the same matter. They could be used to make new research by surveying and improving interpretation in a way ready to transmit the outcomes. To produce a new generation of affordable digital historical products is necessary that the GIS and 3D modeling design and realization would be developed in a multidisciplinary approach that must be explained and demonstrated to the people that in the future will offer to the community this expertise. The paper describes a teaching and research training experience started two years ago at the Politecnico di Torino in the master course on Architecture (Conservation

3D Data Processing Toward Maintenance and Conservation. The Integrated Digital Documentation of Casa de Vidro

During the last decade, 3D integrated surveys and BIM modelling procedures have greatly improved the overall knowledge on some Brazilian Modernist buildings. In this framework, the Casa de Vidro 3D survey carried out by DIAPReM centre at Ferrara University, beside the important outputs, analysis and researches achieved from the point cloud database processing, was also useful to test several awareness increasing activities in cooperation with local stakeholders. The first digital documentation test of the Casa de Vidro allowed verifying the feasibility of a full survey on the building towards the restoration and possible placement of new architectures into the garden as an archive-museum of the Lina Bo and P.M. Bardi Foundation. Later, full 3D integrated survey and diagnostic analysis were carried out to achieve the total digital documentation of the house sponsored by the Keeping it Modern initiative of Getty Foundation (Los Angeles). Following its characteristics, the survey had to take into consideration the different architectural features, up to the relationship of architecture and nature. These 3D documentation activities and the point cloud processing allowed several analysis in a multidisciplinary framework

Conservation process model (cpm). A twofold scientific research scope in the information modelling for cultural heritage

The aim of the present research is to develop an instrument able to adequately support the conservation process by means of a twofold approach, based on both BIM environment and ontology formalisation. Although BIM has been successfully experimented within AEC (Architecture Engineering Construction) field, it has showed many drawbacks for architectural heritage. To cope with unicity and more generally complexity of ancient buildings, applications so far developed have shown to poorly adapt BIM to conservation design with unsatisfactory results (Dore, Murphy 2013; Carrara 2014). In order to combine achievements reached within AEC through BIM environment (design control and management) with an appropriate, semantically enriched and flexible The presented model has at its core a knowledge base developed through information ontologies and oriented around the formalization and computability of all the knowledge necessary for the full comprehension of the object of architectural heritage an its conservation. Such a knowledge representation is worked out upon conceptual categories defined above all within architectural criticism and conservation scope. The present paper aims at further extending the scope of conceptual modelling within cultural heritage conservation already formalized by the model. A special focus is directed on decay analysis and surfaces conservation project