RTEL4I (Real Time Embedded Linux for Industries)

International audienceRTEL4I project deals about creating a free IDE (Integrated Development Environment) in order to achieve migration from proprietary hard real-time embedded systems (RTOS) to Linux environment easily. Of course same IDE could be used for creating native real-time applications for Linux. IDE runs on Linux but is “distribution agnostics” as it just needs standard tools (such as GCC, JRE, ...) which are available in most recent (and decent) Linux distributions

A flight software development and simulation framework for advanced space systems

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 293-302).Distributed terrestrial computer systems employ middleware software to provide communications abstractions and reduce software interface complexity. Embedded applications are adopting the same approaches, but must make provisions to ensure that hard real-time temporal performance can be maintained. This thesis presents the development and validation of a middleware system tailored to spacecraft flight software development. Our middleware runs on the Generalized Flight Operations Processing Simulator (GFLOPS) and is called the GFLOPS Rapid Real-time Development Environment (GRRDE). GRRDE provides publish-subscribe communication services between software components. These services help to reduce the complexity of managing software interfaces. The hard real-time performance of these services has been verified with General Timed Automata modelling and extensive run-time testing. Several example applications illustrate the use of GRRDE to support advanced flight software development. Two technology-focused studies examine automatic code generation and autonomous fault protection within the GRRDE framework. A complex simulation of the TechSat 21 distributed spacebased radar mission highlights the utility of the approach for large-scale applications.by John Patrick Enright.Ph.D

Scalability in Real-Time Systems

The number and complexity of applications that run in real-time environments have posed demanding requirements on the part of the real-time system designer. It has now become important to accommodate the application complexity at early stages of the design cycle. Further, the stringent demands to guarantee task deadlines (particularly in a hard real-time environment, which is the assumed environment in this thesis) have motivated both practioners and researchers to look at ways to analyze systems prior to run-time. This thesis reports a new perspective to analyzing real-time systems that in addition to ascertaining the ability of a system to meet task deadlines also qualifies these guarantees. The guarantees are qualified by a measure (called the scaling factor) of the systems ability to continue to provide these guarantees under possible changes to the tasks. This measure is shown to have many applications in the design (task execution time estimation), development (portability and fault tolerance) and maintenance (scalability) of real-time systems. The measure is shown to bear relevance in both uniprocessor and distributed (more generally referred to as end-to-end) real-time systems. However, the derivation of this measure in end-to-end systems requires that we solve a fundamental (very important, yet unsolved) problem--the end-to-end schedulability problem. The thesis reports a solution to the end-to-end schedulability problem which is based on a solution to another fundamental problem relevant to single-component real-time systems (a uniprocessor system is a special instance of such a system). The problem of interest here is the schedulability of a set of tasks with arbitrary arrival times, that run on a single component. The thesis presents an optimal solution to this problem. One important consequence of this result (besides serving as a basis for the end-to-end schedulability problem) is its applicability to tbe classical approach to real-time scheduling, viz., static scheduling. The final contribution of the thesis comes as an application of the results to the area of real-time communication. More specifically, we report a heuristic approach to the problem of admission control in real-time traffic networks. The heuristic is based on the scaling factor measure

PROOF OF CONCEPT PROTOTYPE FOR A RAILROAD PEDESTRIAN WARNING SYSTEM USING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Wireless sensor network is an emerging research topic due to its vast and ever-growing applications. Wireless sensor networks are made up of small nodes whose main goal is to monitor, compute and transmit data. The nodes are basically made up of low powered microcontrollers, wireless transceiver chips, sensors to monitor their environment and a power source. The applications of wireless sensor networks range from basic household applications, such as health monitoring, appliance control and security to military application, such as intruder detection. The wide spread application of wireless sensor networks has brought to light many research issues such as battery efficiency, unreliable routing protocols due to node failures, localization issues and security vulnerabilities. This report will describe the hardware development of a fault tolerant routing protocol for railroad pedestrian warning system. The protocol implemented is a peer to peer multi-hop TDMA based protocol for nodes arranged in a linear zigzag chain arrangement. The basic working of the protocol was derived from Wireless Architecture for Hard Real-Time Embedded Networks (WAHREN)

The application of a multimedia system to the tourist guide of the Miami International Airport

This project is to present a multimedia system designed for Miami International Airport as a tourist guide for passengers and to demonstrate the functionalities and facilities of the airport. The project is based on an inexpensive integrated and comprehensive multimedia environment. The major components of the environment consist of (1) a low cost PC 386/486 with only ISA bus and IDE hard drive, (2) a high quality and high performance add-on real-time video/audio codec board (30/25 fps for NTSC/PAL video and synchronized audio sampled at 22KHz), (3) software packages including interactive utility programs to record, playback and edit real-time video/audio source and also dynamic and static function libraries for application program development under MS window and DOS, (4) authoring tool kits to help generate multimedia applications. The significance of having such a low-cost, high performance, and integrated environment lies in its potential for an easy and large-scale deployment

Design and implementation of a hard real-time system design tool

We describe a CASE tool for designing hard real-time applications, called HaRTS. The design tool supports a hierarchical design diagram which combines the control and data flow of a hard real-time application. The design hierarchy separates a design into self-contained subdesigns. Yet, the design can be flatten to give you a global view. In a distributed environment, the hierarchy provides a natural way for assigning subdesigns to different processors. The design diagram is quite intuitive, and yet it can be automatically translated into Ada code and analyzed for scheduleablity. This design tool has been implemented on Macintosh using an object-oriented application framework, called Objex. Our experience has demonstrated that such an object-oriented framework is quite useful in developing GUI applications like HaRTS. The framework facilitates us in developing object- oriented code which has better understandability. Essentially, every object you see on the screen has a direct correspondent in the program. This helps both programmers and maintainers understand the dynamic behavior of the program. The software reusability of Objex, supported through inheritance and dynamic binding, provides a powerful mean for reducing software development cost and improving software quality

Guiding Soft Robots with Motor-Imagery Brain Signals and Impedance Control

Integrating Brain-Machine Interfaces into non-clinical applications like robot motion control remains difficult - despite remarkable advancements in clinical settings. Specifically, EEG-based motor imagery systems are still error-prone, posing safety risks when rigid robots operate near humans. This work presents an alternative pathway towards safe and effective operation by combining wearable EEG with physically embodied safety in soft robots. We introduce and test a pipeline that allows a user to move a soft robot's end effector in real time via brain waves that are measured by as few as three EEG channels. A robust motor imagery algorithm interprets the user's intentions to move the position of a virtual attractor to which the end effector is attracted, thanks to a new Cartesian impedance controller. We specifically focus here on planar soft robot-based architected metamaterials, which require the development of a novel control architecture to deal with the peculiar nonlinearities - e.g., non-affinity in control. We preliminarily but quantitatively evaluate the approach on the task of setpoint regulation. We observe that the user reaches the proximity of the setpoint in 66% of steps and that for successful steps, the average response time is 21.5s. We also demonstrate the execution of simple real-world tasks involving interaction with the environment, which would be extremely hard to perform if it were not for the robot's softness.Comment: 8 pages, presented at 7th IEEE-RAS International Conference on Soft Robotics (2024

Pendidikan Anak dalam Keluarga di Era Digital

Technological developments increasingly consistent in everyday life. Children grow along with the rapidly evolving technology, ranging from television to computers, smartphones, and digital tablet devices with various applications. The present generation of children, called "Generation Alpha" is very different from the previous generation. They spend most of their time in digital technology. Technology is part of the lives of parents and children, so there are concerns about the negative impact on very young children, especially on cognitive, motor, and social development. Research shows that parents have the most important role in creating an environment that is appropriate for children. Therefore, parents are very important to explore to be able to integrate technology tools with good education. This article deals with education in relation to the emerging context of Alpha Generation, or technology-driven generation. Strategies that benefit parents in encouraging the use of appropriate and safe technologies: a) adhering to lasting values ​​(eg respect, honesty, hard work) recognized before the digital age, b) using technology in participatory activities (eg storytelling ), c) establishing family technology contracts, d) active monitoring of digital content and time of use, and e) be role models in the use of technology, whose ultimate aim is to inform parents of confident use of technology with children , without sacrificing physical activity, real-life exploration, and personal interaction

A resource allocation mechanism based on cost function synthesis in complex systems

While the management of resources in computer systems can greatly impact the usefulness and integrity of the system, finding an optimal solution to the management problem is unfortunately NP hard. Adding to the complexity, today\u27s \u27modern\u27 systems - such as in multimedia, medical, and military systems - may be, and often are, comprised of interacting real and non-real-time components. In addition, these systems can be driven by a host of non-functional objectives – often differing not only in nature, importance, and form, but also in dimensional units and range, and themselves interacting in complex ways. We refer to systems exhibiting such characteristics as Complex Systems (CS). We present a method for handling the multiple non-functional system objectives in CS, by addressing decomposition, quantification, and evaluation issues. Our method will result in better allocations, improve objective satisfaction, improve the overall performance of the system, and reduce cost -in a global sense. Moreover, we consider the problem of formulating the cost of an allocation driven by system objectives. We start by discussing issues and relationships among global objectives, their decomposition, and cost functions for evaluation of system objective. Then, as an example of objective and cost function development, we introduce the concept of deadline balancing. Next, we proceed by proving the existence of combining models and their underlying conditions. Then, we describe a hierarchical model for system objective function synthesis. This synthesis is performed solely for the purpose of measuring the level of objective satisfaction in a proposed hardware to software allocation, not for design of individual software modules. Then, Examples are given to show how the model applies to actual multi-objective problems. In addition the concept of deadline balancing is extended to a new scheduling concept, namely Inter-Completion-Time Scheduling (ICTS. Finally, experiments based on simulation have been conducted to capture various properties of the synthesis approach as well as ICTS. A prototype implementation of the cost functions synthesis and evaluation environment is described, highlighting the applicability and usefulness of the synthesis in realistic applications