Learning about tooth removal with robot technology

Deze PhD-thesis richt zich op een fundamenteel onderzoek van de extractieleer en maakt daarbij gebruik van robottechnologie. Het onderzoek omvat zes inhoudelijke hoofdstukken, waarin verschillende aspecten van dit onderwerp worden behandeld. Het tweede hoofdstuk analyseert de literatuur over robottechnologie in de tandheelkunde en wijst op de matige kwaliteit van beschikbare literatuur, zeker als het op klinische toepassingen aankomt. Hoofdstuk 3 biedt een overzicht van robotsystemen in alle deelgebieden van de tandheelkunde sinds 1985. Hoofdstuk 4 introduceert een meetopstelling om krachten en bewegingen bij tandextracties nauwkeurig vast te leggen, terwijl hoofdstuk 5 de resultaten van een serie experimenten voor wat betreft krachten en momenten weergeeft. Hoofdstuk 6 beschrijft het bewegingsbereik en de snelheden tijdens tandheelkundige extracties, zoals gemeten met een robotarm. Hoofdstuk 7 beschrijft de ontwikkeling en eigenschappen van een classificatiemodel voor extracties op basis van kracht- en bewegingsgegevens. De conclusie benadrukt de toenemende interesse in robotinitiatieven in de tandheelkunde, de behoefte aan wetenschappelijke validatie van de toegevoegde waarde daarvan en het potentieel van robottechnologie om ons fundamentele begrip van de extractieleer te vergroten. De studies benadrukken het belang van gegevensverzameling, analyse en samenwerking tussen verschillende disciplines om ons fundamentele begrip van extracties te verbeteren, met een focus op tandheelkundig onderwijs en uiteindelijk de patiëntenzorg

Flexible robotic device for spinal surgery

Surgical robots have proliferated in recent years, with well-established benefits including: reduced patient trauma, shortened hospitalisation, and improved diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcome. Despite these benefits, many challenges in their development remain, including improved instrument control and ergonomics caused by rigid instrumentation and its associated fulcrum effect. Consequently, it is still extremely challenging to utilise such devices in cases that involve complex anatomical pathways such as the spinal column. The focus of this thesis is the development of a flexible robotic surgical cutting device capable of manoeuvring around the spinal column. The target application of the flexible surgical tool is the removal of cancerous tumours surrounding the spinal column, which cannot be excised completely using the straight surgical tools in use today; anterior and posterior sections of the spine must be accessible for complete tissue removal. A parallel robot platform with six degrees of freedom (6 DoFs) has been designed and fabricated to direct a flexible cutting tool to produce the necessary range of movements to reach anterior and posterior sections of the spinal column. A flexible water jet cutting system and a flexible mechanical drill, which may be assembled interchangeably with the flexible probe, have been developed and successfully tested experimentally. A model predicting the depth of cut by the water jet was developed and experimentally validated. A flexion probe that is able to guide the surgical cutting device around the spinal column has been fabricated and tested with human lumber model. Modelling and simulations show the capacity for the flexible surgical system to enable entering the posterior side of the human lumber model and bend around the vertebral body to reach the anterior side of the spinal column. A computer simulation with a full Graphical User Interface (GUI) was created and used to validate the system of inverse kinematic equations for the robot platform. The constraint controller and the inverse kinematics relations are both incorporated into the overall positional control structure of the robot, and have successfully established a haptic feedback controller for the 6 DoFs surgical probe, and effectively tested in vitro on spinal mock surgery. The flexible surgical system approached the surgery from the posterior side of the human lumber model and bend around the vertebral body to reach the anterior side of the spinal column. The flexible surgical robot removed 82% of mock cancerous tissue compared to 16% of tissue removed by the rigid tool.Open Acces

Book of Abstracts 15th International Symposium on Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering and 3rd Conference on Imaging and Visualization

In this edition, the two events will run together as a single conference, highlighting the strong connection with the Taylor & Francis journals: Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering (John Middleton and Christopher Jacobs, Eds.) and Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging and Visualization (JoãoManuel R.S. Tavares, Ed.). The conference has become a major international meeting on computational biomechanics, imaging andvisualization. In this edition, the main program includes 212 presentations. In addition, sixteen renowned researchers will give plenary keynotes, addressing current challenges in computational biomechanics and biomedical imaging. In Lisbon, for the first time, a session dedicated to award the winner of the Best Paper in CMBBE Journal will take place. We believe that CMBBE2018 will have a strong impact on the development of computational biomechanics and biomedical imaging and visualization, identifying emerging areas of research and promoting the collaboration and networking between participants. This impact is evidenced through the well-known research groups, commercial companies and scientific organizations, who continue to support and sponsor the CMBBE meeting series. In fact, the conference is enriched with five workshops on specific scientific topics and commercial software.info:eu-repo/semantics/draf

The 1st Advanced Manufacturing Student Conference (AMSC21) Chemnitz, Germany 15–16 July 2021

The Advanced Manufacturing Student Conference (AMSC) represents an educational format designed to foster the acquisition and application of skills related to Research Methods in Engineering Sciences. Participating students are required to write and submit a conference paper and are given the opportunity to present their findings at the conference. The AMSC provides a tremendous opportunity for participants to practice critical skills associated with scientific publication. Conference Proceedings of the conference will benefit readers by providing updates on critical topics and recent progress in the advanced manufacturing engineering and technologies and, at the same time, will aid the transfer of valuable knowledge to the next generation of academics and practitioners. *** The first AMSC Conference Proceeding (AMSC21) addressed the following topics: Advances in “classical” Manufacturing Technologies, Technology and Application of Additive Manufacturing, Digitalization of Industrial Production (Industry 4.0), Advances in the field of Cyber-Physical Systems, Virtual and Augmented Reality Technologies throughout the entire product Life Cycle, Human-machine-environment interaction and Management and life cycle assessment.:- Advances in “classical” Manufacturing Technologies - Technology and Application of Additive Manufacturing - Digitalization of Industrial Production (Industry 4.0) - Advances in the field of Cyber-Physical Systems - Virtual and Augmented Reality Technologies throughout the entire product Life Cycle - Human-machine-environment interaction - Management and life cycle assessmen

Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on NDE in Relation to Structural Integrity for Nuclear and Pressurized Components

This conference, the tenth in a series on NDE in relation to structural integrity for nuclear and pressurized components, was held from 1st October to 3 October 2013, in Cannes, France. The scientific programme was co-produced by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre, Institute for Energy and Transport (EC-JRC/IET). The Conference has been coordinated by the Confédération Française pour les Essais Non Destructifs (COFREND). The first conference, under the sole responsibility of EC-JRC was held in Amsterdam, 20-22 October 1998. The second conference was locally organized by the EPRI NDE Center in New Orleans, 24-26 May 2000, the third one by Tecnatom in Seville, 14-16 November 2001, the fourth one by the British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing in London, 6-8 December 2004, the fifth by EPRI in San Diego, 10-12 May 2006, the sixth by Marovisz in Budapest, 8-10 October 2007, the seventh by the University of Tokyo and JAPEIC in Yokohama, the eight by DGZfP, 29 September to 1st October 2010, the ninth by Epri NDE Center, 22-24 May 2012 in Seattle. The theme of this conference series is to provide the link between the information originated by NDE and the use made of this information in assessing structural integrity. In this context, there is often a need to determine NDE performance against structural integrity requirements through a process of qualification or performance demonstration. There is also a need to develop NDE to address shortcomings revealed by such performance demonstration or otherwise. Finally, the links between NDE and structural integrity require strengthening in many areas so that NDE is focussed on the components at greatest risk and provides the precise information required for assessment of integrity. These were the issues addressed by the papers selected for the conference.JRC.F.5-Nuclear Reactor Safety Assessmen

Factories of the Future

Engineering; Industrial engineering; Production engineerin

Robot-assisted fMRI assessment of early brain development

Preterm birth can interfere with the intra-uterine mechanisms driving cerebral development during the third trimester of gestation and often results in severe neuro-developmental impairments. Characterizing normal/abnormal patterns of early brain maturation could be fundamental in devising and guiding early therapeutic strategies aimed at improving clinical outcome by exploiting the enhanced early neuroplasticity. Over the last decade the morphology and structure of the developing human brain has been vastly characterized; however the concurrent maturation of brain function is still poorly understood. Task-dependent fMRI studies of the preterm brain can directly probe the emergence of fundamental neuroscientific notions and also provide clinicians with much needed early diagnostic and prognostic information. To date, task-fMRI studies of the preterm population have however been hampered by methodological challenges leading to inconsistent and contradictory results. In this thesis I present a modular and flexible system to provide clinicians and researchers with a simple and reliable solution to deliver computer-controlled stimulation patterns to preterm infants during task-fMRI experiments. The system is primarily aimed at studying the developing sensori-motor system as preterm infants are often affected by neuro-motor dysfunctions such as cerebral palsy. Wrist and ankle robotic stimulators were developed and firstly used to study the emerging somatosensory “homunculus”. The wrist robotic stimulator was then used to characterize the development of the sensori-motor system throughout the mid-to-late preterm period. An instrumented pacifier system was also developed to explore the potential sensorimotor modulation of early sucking activity; however, despite its clear potential to be employed in future fMRI studies, results have not yet been obtained on preterm infants. Functional difficulties associated with prematurity are likely to extend to multi-sensory integration, and the olfactory system currently remains under-investigated despite its clear developmental importance. A custom olfactometer was developed and used to assess its early functionality.Open Acces

Factories of the Future

Engineering; Industrial engineering; Production engineerin

Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications

This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Human Haptic Sensing and Touch Enabled Computer Applications, EuroHaptics 2020, held in Leiden, The Netherlands, in September 2020. The 60 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 111 submissions. The were organized in topical sections on haptic science, haptic technology, and haptic applications. This year's focus is on accessibility