A Scholarship Approach to Model-Driven Engineering

Model-Driven Engineering is a paradigm for software engineering where software models are the primary artefacts throughout the software life-cycle. The aim is to define suitable representations and processes that enable precise and efficient specification, development and analysis of software. Our contributions to Model-Driven Engineering are structured according to Boyer\u27s four functions of academic activity - the scholarships of teaching, discovery, application and integration. The scholarships share a systematic approach towards seeking new insights and promoting progressive change. Even if the scholarships have their differences they are compatible so that theory, practice and teaching can strengthen each other.Scholarship of Teaching: While teaching Model-Driven Engineering to under-graduate students we introduced two changes to our course. The first change was to introduce a new modelling tool that enabled the execution of software models while the second change was to adapt pair lecturing to encourage the students to actively participate in developing models during lectures. Scholarship of Discovery: By using an existing technology for transforming models into source code we translated class diagrams and high-level action languages into natural language texts. The benefit of our approach is that the translations are applicable to a family of models while the texts are reusable across different low-level representations of the same model.Scholarship of Application: Raising the level of abstraction through models might seem a technical issue but our collaboration with industry details how the success of adopting Model-Driven Engineering depends on organisational and social factors as well as technical. Scholarship of Integration: Building on our insights from the scholarships above and a study at three large companies we show how Model-Driven Engineering empowers new user groups to become software developers but also how engineers can feel isolated due to poor tool support. Our contributions also detail how modelling enables a more agile development process as well as how the validation of models can be facilitated through text generation.The four scholarships allow for different possibilities for insights and explore Model-Driven Engineering from diverse perspectives. As a consequence, we investigate the social, organisational and technological factors of Model-Driven Engineering but also examine the possibilities and challenges of Model-Driven Engineering across disciplines and scholarships

Three Studies on Model Transformations - Parsing, Generation and Ease of Use

ABSTRACTTransformations play an important part in both software development and the automatic processing of natural languages. We present three publications rooted in the multi-disciplinary research of Language Technology and Software Engineering and relate their contribution to the literature on syntactical transformations. Parsing Linear Context-Free Rewriting SystemsThe first publication describes four different parsing algorithms for the mildly context-sensitive grammar formalism Linear Context-Free Rewriting Systems. The algorithms automatically transform a text into a chart. As a result the parse chart contains the (possibly partial) analysis of the text according to a grammar with a lower level of abstraction than the original text. The uni-directional and endogenous transformations are described within the framework of parsing as deduction. Natural Language Generation from Class DiagramsUsing the framework of Model-Driven Architecture we generate natural language from class diagrams. The transformation is done in two steps. In the first step we transform the class diagram, defined by Executable and Translatable UML, to grammars specified by the Grammatical Framework. The grammars are then used to generate the desired text. Overall, the transformation is uni-directional, automatic and an example of a reverse engineering translation. Executable and Translatable UML - How Difficult Can it Be?Within Model-Driven Architecture there has been substantial research on the transformation from Platform-Independent Models (PIM) into Platform-Specifc Models, less so on the transformation from Computationally Independent Models (CIM) into PIMs. This publication reflects on the outcomes of letting novice software developers transform CIMs specified by UML into PIMs defined in Executable and Translatable UML.ConclusionThe three publications show how model transformations can be used within both Language Technology and Software Engineering to tackle the challenges of natural language processing and software development

Hatékony rendszer-szintű hatásanalízis módszerek és alkalmazásuk a szoftverfejlesztés folyamatában = Efficient whole-system impact analysis methods with applications in software development

Szoftver hatásanalízis során a rendszer megváltoztatásának következményeit becsüljük, melynek fontos alkalmazásai vannak például a változtatás-propagálás, költségbecslés, szoftverminőség és tesztelés területén. A kutatás során olyan hatásanalízis módszereket dolgoztunk ki, melyek hatékonyan és sikeresen alkalmazhatók nagyméretű és heterogén architektúrájú, valós alkalmazások esetében is. A korábban rendelkezésre álló módszerek csak korlátozott méretben és környezetekben voltak képesek eredményt szolgáltatni. A meglévő statikus és dinamikus programszeletelés és függőség elemzési algoritmusok továbbfejlesztése mellett számos kapcsolódó területen értünk el eredményeket úgy, mint függőségek metrikákkal történő vizsgálata, fogalmi csatolás kutatása, minőségi modellek, hiba- és produktivitás előrejelzés. Ezen területeknek a módszerek gyakorlatban történő alkalmazásában van jelentősége. Speciális technológiákra koncentrálva újszerű eredmények születtek, például adatbázis rendszerek vagy alacsony szintű nyelvek esetében. A hatásanalízis módszerek alkalmazásai terén kidolgoztunk újszerű módszereket a tesztelés optimalizálása, teszt lefedettség mérés, -priorizálás és változás propagálás területeken. A kidolgozott módszerek alapját képezték további projekteknek, melyek során szoftvertermékeket is kiegészítettek módszereink alapján. | During software change impact analysis, we assess the consequences of changes made to a software system, which has important applications in, for instance, change propagation, cost estimation, software quality and testing. We developed impact analysis methods that can be effectively and efficiently used for large and heterogeneous real life applications as well. Previously available methods could provide results only in limited environments and for systems of limited size. Apart from the enhancements developed for the existing static and dynamic slicing and dependence analysis algorithms, we achieved results in different related areas such as investigation of dependences based on metrics, conceptual coupling, quality models and prediction of defects and productivity. These areas mostly support the application of the methods in practice. We have contributions in the fields of different special technologies, for instance, dependences in database systems or analysis of low level languages. Regarding the applications of impact analysis, we developed novel methods for test optimization, test coverage measurement and prioritization, and change propagation. The developed methods provided basis for further projects, also for extension of certain software products

Rekayasa Model Sistem Informasi Web Sertifikasi Kompetensi Di Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi Menggunakan Metodologi Modeldriven Uwe (Uml-based Web Engineering)

Tenaga kerja Indonesia yang kompeten semakin penting menjelang pelaksanaan Asean Economic Community (AEC) pada tahun 2015. Pemerintah memastikan kompetensi tenaga kerja melalui program sertifikasi kompetensi yang dilaksanakan oleh Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi (LSP) yang ditunjuk oleh BNSP (Badan Nasional Sertifikasi Profesi). LSP bertanggung jawab terhadap pengembangan standar kompetensi, sertifikasi kompetensi, dan pelaksana akreditasi Tempat Uji Kompetensi (TUK). Sistem manajemen berteknologi informasi diperlukan untuk mendukung operasional LSP agar efisien, cepat, dan produktif. Sistem web telah menjadi salah satu platform yang paling sering digunakan sebagai basis suatu sistem. Pendekatan pengembangan model-driven diyakini paling tepat untuk rekayasa web. Metode pendekatan sistem yang digunakan yaitu UWE (UML-Based Web Engineering) karena kompatibilitasnya dengan alat UML yang sudah akrab di kalangan pengembang sistem dan mencakup seluruh siklus pengembangan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan suatu alternatif model sistem manajemen sertifikasi kompetensi dan lisensi LSP yang dengan pendekatan model-driven rancangan sistem bersifat flesibel sehingga relatif mudah penerapannya diberbagai LSP yang meskipun sebagian besar struktur dan prosedur sertifikasinya sama tetapi tetap ada keunikan di masing-masing LSP. Data penelitian diperoleh dari sejumlah LSP, asesor, asesi, dan TUK

Rekayasa Model Sistem Informasi Web Sertifikasi Kompetensi Di Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi Menggunakan Metodologi Modeldriven Uwe (Uml-based Web Engineering)

Tenaga kerja Indonesia yang kompeten semakin penting menjelang pelaksanaan Asean Economic Community (AEC) pada tahun 2015. Pemerintah memastikan kompetensi tenaga kerja melalui program sertifikasi kompetensi yang dilaksanakan oleh Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi (LSP) yang ditunjuk oleh BNSP (Badan Nasional Sertifikasi Profesi). LSP bertanggung jawab terhadap pengembangan standar kompetensi, sertifikasi kompetensi, dan pelaksana akreditasi Tempat Uji Kompetensi (TUK). Sistem manajemen berteknologi informasi diperlukan untuk mendukung operasional LSP agar efisien, cepat, dan produktif. Sistem web telah menjadi salah satu platform yang paling sering digunakan sebagai basis suatu sistem. Pendekatan pengembangan model-driven diyakini paling tepat untuk rekayasa web. Metode pendekatan sistem yang digunakan yaitu UWE (UML-Based Web Engineering) karena kompatibilitasnya dengan alat UML yang sudah akrab di kalangan pengembang sistem dan mencakup seluruh siklus pengembangan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan suatu alternatif model sistem manajemen sertifikasi kompetensi dan lisensi LSP yang dengan pendekatan model-driven rancangan sistem bersifat flesibel sehingga relatif mudah penerapannya diberbagai LSP yang meskipun sebagian besar struktur dan prosedur sertifikasinya sama tetapi tetap ada keunikan di masing-masing LSP. Data penelitian diperoleh dari sejumlah LSP, asesor, asesi, dan TUK

The Role of User Guidance in the Industrial Adoption of MDE Approach

Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) has emerged as an actively researched and established approach for next generation control application development. Technology transfer to the industry is a topical research problem. Since most professional factory process control engineers do not have computer science backgrounds, there is an urgent need for studies of the role of user guidance in the professional learning, and thus, of industrial adoption of MDE approaches. In this study professionals were invited to a hands-on assessment of the AUKOTON MDE approach for factory process control engineering. Qualitative empirical material was collected and analyzed to identify the role of user guidance in the context of other factors impacting industrial adoption. Challenges in adoption that could be solved by user guidance were identified with the theory of organizational knowledge creation (SECI) model

Rekayasa Layanan Sertifikasi Kompetensi LSP Mika Dengan Sistem Berbasis Teknologi Informasi Dan Web

Tenaga  kerja  Indonesia  yang  kompeten  semakin  penting  menjelang  pelaksanaan  Asean Economic Community (AEC) pada tahun 2015. Pemerintah memastikan kompetensi tenaga kerja  melalui  program sertifikasi  kompetensi  yang  dilaksanakan  oleh  Lembaga  Sertifikasi Profesi  (LSP)  yang  ditunjuk  oleh  BNSP  (Badan  Nasional  Sertifikasi  Profesi).  LSP bertanggung jawab terhadap pengembangan standar kompetensi, sertifikasi kompetensi, dan pelaksana  akreditasi Tempat  Uji  Kompetensi  (TUK).  Sistem  manajemen  berteknologi informasi diperlukan untuk mendukung operasional LSP agar efisien, cepat, dan produktif. Sistem  web  telah  menjadi  salah  satu  platform  yang  paling  sering  digunakan  sebagai  basis suatu sistem. Pendekatan pengembangan model-driven diyakini paling tepat untuk rekayasa web.  Metode pendekatan  sistem yang  digunakan  yaitu  UWE  (UML-Based  Web Engineering)  karena  kompatibilitasnya  dengan  alat  UML  yang  sudah  akrab  di  kalangan pengembang  sistem  dan  mencakup  seluruh  siklus  pengembangan.  Penelitian ini menghasilkan suatu alternatif model sistem manajemen sertifikasi kompetensi dan lisensi LSP yang dengan pendekatan  model-driven  rancangan  sistem  bersifat  flesibel  sehingga  relatif mudah  penerapannya diberbagai  LSP  yang  meskipun  sebagian  besar  struktur  dan  prosedur sertifikasinya  sama  tetapi  tetap  ada  keunikan  di  masing-masing  LSP.  Data  penelitian diperoleh dari sejumlah LSP, asesor, asesi, dan TUK.   Kata kunci: Model Sistem, LSP, sertifikasi kompetensi, UML-Bases Web Engneerin

Component-Based Model-Driven Software Development

Model-driven software development (MDSD) and component-based software development are both paradigms for reducing complexity and for increasing abstraction and reuse in software development. In this thesis, we aim at combining the advantages of each by introducing methods from component-based development into MDSD. In MDSD, all artefacts that describe a software system are regarded as models of the system and are treated as the central development artefacts. To obtain a system implementation from such models, they are transformed and integrated until implementation code can be generated from them. Models in MDSD can have very different forms: they can be documents, diagrams, or textual specifications defined in different modelling languages. Integrating these models of different formats and abstraction in a consistent way is a central challenge in MDSD. We propose to tackle this challenge by explicitly separating the tasks of defining model components and composing model components, which is also known as distinguishing programming-in-the-small and programming-in-the-large. That is, we promote a separation of models into models for modelling-in-the-small (models that are components) and models for modelling-in-the-large (models that describe compositions of model components). To perform such component-based modelling, we introduce two architectural styles for developing systems with component-based MDSD (CB-MDSD). For CB-MDSD, we require a universal composition technique that can handle models defined in arbitrary modelling languages. A technique that can handle arbitrary textual languages is universal invasive software composition for code fragment composition. We extend this technique to universal invasive software composition for graph fragments (U-ISC/Graph) which can handle arbitrary models, including graphical and textual ones, as components. Such components are called graph fragments, because we treat each model as a typed graph and support reuse of partial models. To put the composition technique into practice, we developed the tool Reuseware that implements U-ISC/Graph. The tool is based on the Eclipse Modelling Framework and can therefore be integrated into existing MDSD development environments based on the framework. To evaluate the applicability of CB-MDSD, we realised for each of our two architectural styles a model-driven architecture with Reuseware. The first style, which we name ModelSoC, is based on the component-based development paradigm of multi-dimensional separation of concerns. The architecture we realised with that style shows how a system that involves multiple modelling languages can be developed with CB-MDSD. The second style, which we name ModelHiC, is based on hierarchical composition. With this style, we developed abstraction and reuse support for a large modelling language for telecommunication networks that implements the Common Information Model industry standard