04391 Abstracts Collection -- Semantic Interoperability and Integration

From 19.09.04 to 24.09.04, the Dagstuhl Seminar 04391 ``Semantic Interoperability and Integration\u27\u27 was held in the International Conference and Research Center (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section describes the seminar topics and goals in general. Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available

Experiential Observations: an Ontology Pattern-based Study on Capturing the Potential Content within Evidences of Experiences

Modelling the knowledge behind human experiences is a complex process: it should take into account, among others, the activities performed, human observations, and the documentation of the evidence. To represent this knowledge in a declarative way means to support data interoperability in the context of cultural heritage artefacts, as linked datasets on experience documentation have started to appear. With this objective in mind, we describe a study based on an Ontology Design Pattern for modelling experiences through observations, which are considered indirect evidence of a mental process (i.e., the experience). This pattern highlights the structural differences between types of experiential documentation, such as diaries and social media, providing a guideline for the comparability between different domains and for supporting the construction of heterogeneous datasets based on an epistemic compatibility. We have performed not only a formal evaluation over the pattern, but also an assessment through a series of case studies. This approach includes a) the analysis of interoperability among two case studies (reading through social media and historical sources); b) the development of an ontology for collecting evidences of reading, which reuses the proposed pattern; and c) the inspection of experience in humanities datasets

Modeling of application- and middleware-layer interaction protocols

The CONNECT Integrated Project aims at enabling continuous composition of networked systems to respond to the evolution of functionalities provided to and required from the networked environment. CONNECT aims at dropping the interoperability barrier by adopting a revolutionary approach to the seamless networking of digital systems, that is, synthesizing on-the-fly the connectors via which networked systems communicate. The resulting emergent connectors are effectively synthesized according to the behavioral semantics of application- down to middleware-layer protocols run by the interacting parties. The role of work package WP3 is to devise automated and compositional approaches to connector synthesis, which can be performed at run-time. Given the respective interaction behavior of networked systems, we want to synthesize the behavior of the connector(s) needed for them to interact. These connectors serve as mediators of the networked systems' interaction at both application and middleware layers. In this deliverable, we set the scene for a formal theory of the automated synthesis of application- and middleware-layer protocol mediators. We formally characterize mediating connectors between mismatching application-layer protocols by rigorously defining the necessary conditions that must hold for protocols to be mediated. The outcome of this formalization is the definition of two relationships between heterogenous protocols: matching and mapping. The former is concerned with checking whether a mediator letting two protocols interoperate exists or not. The latter concerns the algorithm that should be executed to synthesize the required mediator. Furthermore, we analyze the different dimensions of interoperability at the middleware layer and exploit this analysis to formalize existing solutions to middleware-layer interoperability. Since the work on application-layer mediator synthesis is based on the assumption that a model of the interaction protocol for a networked system is dynamically discovered, we finally present an approach, based on data-flow analysis and testing, for the automated elicitation of application-layer protocols from software implementations. This approach presents similarities, but also several differences, with the work of work package WP4 (protocol learning). Furthermore, it allowed us to proceed in parallel with the work of WP4 and to state the requirements that the learning approaches have to satisfy to enable mediator synthesis. For this reason, we keep this work separate from the work on protocol learning and discuss it in this deliverable. All the approaches mentioned above are applied to several examples and scenarios

Scalable Ontological EAI and e-Business Integration

Integration of enterprise applications (EAI) and e-business integration are time-consuming and expensive. This thesis proposes pattern mining to determine identical object classes. Processes are integrated based on declared integration goals and known software behavior. A model-driven approach ensures consistent use of behavioral knowledge from development in integration. The contributions were applied to the CCTS Modeler Warp 10 and SAP NetWeaver CE (composition environment) developed at SAP

Kontextbereitstellung in offenen, ubiquitären Systemen

Die Vision des "Ubiquotous Computing" verspricht schon lange eine Welt, in der jeder Dienst zu jeder Zeit an jedem Ort verfügbar ist. Darüber hinaus soll die Alltagswelt mit Rechnern durchsetzt sein, ohne dass die Benutzer diese als solche bewusst wahrnehmen. Durch Kooperation und Informationsaustausch sollen die Benutzer unaufdringlich bei ihren Aufgaben unterstützt werden, genau abgestimmt auf ihre jeweilige Situation. Dafür bedarf es kontextsensitiver Dienste. Kontextsensitive Dienste sind nicht neu: Das Licht im Auto wird automatisch angeschaltet, sobald es draußen dunkler wird. Hierzu sind Sensoren und Aktuatoren fest verknüpft. Um der Vision von ubiquitären Computersystemen näher zu kommen, ist es wichtig, dass Kontextinformationen auch in spontanen, dynamischen Konfigurationen bereitgestellt, gefunden, ausgetauscht und verstanden werden können. Dies ist die Ausgangssituation dieser Arbeit: Kontextbereitstellung in offenen, ubiquitären Systemen. Dazu werden mehrere Beiträge geliefert: Eine Modellierung für Kontextinformationen, eine darauf aufbauende, dynamische Beschreibung für Kontextinformationsdienste und die Einführung von Kontextkonstruktionsbäumen, mit denen auf nicht-verfügbare Kontextinformationen geschlossen werden kann, oder mit denen diese wenigstens abgeschätzt werden können