Teenage housing tenure and neighbourhoods and the links with adult outcomes: evidence from the 1970 cohort study

This study is one of a pair funded by the Homes and Communities Agency and the Tenant Services Authority. The other report can be found at http://sticerd.lse.ac.uk/case/. This pair of studies develops the findings of two previous reports on the relationship between housing and life chances (Feinstein et al, 2008, Lupton et al, 2009). These previous reports examined housing circumstances in childhood for those born in 1946, 1958, 1970 and 2000, and the relationship between childhood housing and adult outcomes across a range of measures for those born in 1946, 1958 and 1970. They found as yet unexplained connections between being ‘ever’ in social housing in childhood and worse adult outcomes on an overall measure of deprivation and a range of individual measures for those born in 1958 and in 1970 (but not for those born in 1946) (Feinstein et al, 2008, Lupton et al, 2009). Statistically significant associations remained after using a very large set of more than 50 controls for family and individual characteristics, for many outcomes and many ages, although the size of all of the associations was substantially reduced

Perspectives on South American Colonial Art. The Instituto de Arte Americano Publications (Buenos Aires, 1947-1962)

Este trabajo estudia los proyectos editoriales que tuvieron lugar al interior del Instituto de Arte Americano creado por Mario Buschiazzo en el año 1946. Se recupera un primer momento dentro de la extensa primera etapa de la institución (1946-1970) para considerar el ciclo 1947-1962 respecto de un grupo puntual de obras y de cómo estas expresaron el propósito institucional de profundizar los estudios sobre arte colonial en América del Sur.This paper studies the publishing projects into the Instituto de Arte Americano created by Mario Buschiazzo in 1946. It is recovered a first stage of the institution (1946-1970) to consider the period 1947 -1962 about a group of books and how these expressed the institutional goal of develop studies on South American colonial art

The association between childhood cognitive ability and adult long-term sickness absence in three British birth cohorts: a cohort study

OBJECTIVES: The authors aimed to test the relationship between childhood cognitive function and long-term sick leave in adult life and whether any relationship was mediated by educational attainment, adult social class or adult mental ill-health. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: The authors used data from the 1946, 1958 and 1970 British birth cohorts. Initial study populations included all live births in 1 week in that year. Follow-up arrangements have differed between the cohorts. PARTICIPANTS: The authors included only those alive, living in the UK and not permanent refusals at the time of the outcome. The authors further restricted analyses to those in employment, full-time education or caring for a family in the sweep immediately prior to the outcome. 2894 (1946), 15 053 (1958) and 14 713 (1970) cohort members were included. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: receipt of health-related benefits (eg, incapacity benefit) in 2000 and 2004 for the 1958 and 1970 cohorts, respectively, and individuals identified as 'permanently sick or disabled' in 1999 for 1946 cohort. RESULTS: After adjusting for sex and parental social class, better cognitive function at age 10/11 was associated with reduced odds of being long-term sick (1946: 0.70 (0.56 to 0.86), p=0.001; 1958: 0.69 (0.61 to 0.77), p<0.001; 1970: 0.80 (0.66 to 0.97), p=0.003). Educational attainment appeared to partly mediate the associations in all cohorts; adult social class appeared to have a mediating role in the 1946 cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term sick leave is a complex outcome with many risk factors beyond health. Cognitive abilities might impact on the way individuals are able to develop strategies to maintain their employment or rapidly find new employment when faced with a range of difficulties. Education should form part of the policy response to long-term sick leave such that young people are better equipped with skills needed in a flexible labour market

Milton Friedman and U.K. economic policy: 1938-1979

Milton Friedman's publications and commentaries became the subject of enormous publicity and scrutiny in the United Kingdom. This paper analyzes the interaction of Milton Friedman and U.K. economic policy from 1938 to 1979. The period under study is separated into four subperiods: 1938-46, 1946-59, 1959-70, and 1970-79. For each of these subperiods, the author considers Friedman's observations on, and role in, key developments in U.K. monetary policy and in general U.K. economic policy.Friedman, Milton ; Economic policy - Great Britain

Obchody Tygodnia Ziem Odzyskanych i Tygodni Ziem Zachodnich z lat 1946–1948 w świetle ogólnopolskiej prasy komunistycznej

Praca przedstawia, jak w świetle ogólnopolskiej prasy komunistycznej wyglądały obchody Tygodnia Ziem Odzyskanych oraz Tygodni Ziem Zachodnich w latach 1946–1948. Wydarzenia Tygodni odbywały się w okresie Polski Ludowej, na skalę całego kraju, w latach 1946–1970 (z przerwą na lata 1949–1957). Autor przedstawia skromny stan badań, który do tej pory powstał na ten temat. Następnie opisuje genezę Tygodni oraz ich przebieg w latach 1946–1948. Na podstawie głównych tytułów prasowych Polski Ludowej, analizie zostaje poddany wymiar propagandowy wydarzeń. Na zakończenie autor dochodzi do wniosku, że Tydzień Ziem Odzyskanych i Tygodnie Ziem Zachodnich były dla władzy ludowej jednymi z najbardziej eksponowanych wydarzeń, które miały w społeczeństwie umacniać świadomość przynależności tzw. Ziem Odzyskanych oraz rewizji granic Polski po 1945 r.The work presents the process of the celebration the Week of the ‘Recovered Lands’ and the Weeks of the ‘Western Lands’ between 1946–1948. The main historical source of it are Polish communist press. The events connected to these Weeks took place, on the scale of the entire country, between 1946–1970 with a break between 1949–1957. The author present a modes state of research which has so far been created on this subject. After that he describes the genesis of the Weeks and their course between 1946–1948. Mostly analyzed is the propaganda dimension of these events. It is done on the basis of the main press titles edited in the People’s Poland. Next, the author concludes that the Week of Recovered Lands and the Weeks of the Western Lands were one of the most exposed events for the main Polish communist which were supposed to strengthen the awareness of belonging Polish ‘Recovered Lands’ and a revision of Polish borders after 1945

Postponement and recuperation of Belgian fertility: how are they related to rising female educational attainment?

Fertility trends in Europe after 1970 are routinely referred to in terms of the postponement of fertility. The shortening of the effective reproductive lifespan and its association with post-materialist values have raised questions as to whether fertility can or will be recuperated. Decomposition of cohort fertility in Belgium by level of education shows that the postponement of fertility after 1970 is closely related to the expansion of education: compared with cohorts born in 1946-1950, 40 to 50 per cent of the difference in cumulated fertility at age 25 in the 1951-1975 birth cohorts is attributable to rising educational levels. Educational differentials also prove relevant with regard to the recuperation of fertility at older ages as the tempo and quantum of order-specific fertility have responded differently to variations in the economic and policy context, depending on the educational level considered. Differential fertility trends by level of education have thus attenuated the relationship between female educational attainment and completed fertility in recent cohorts.

Dancers in egyptian cinema: From ‘golden era’ to marginalization

Este artículo examina la imagen proyectada de las bailarinas en el cine egipcio a través del análisis de tres papeles en la carrera de la bailarina egipcia más famosa de todos los tiempos: Tahia Carioca. El contexto en el que se enmarcan las películas analizadas incluye el último período de la monarquía del rey Fārūq (1946-1952), la revolución de los Oficiales Libres (1952) y el régimen de Gamal Abdel Nasser (1953-1970), y concluye con la muerte de Nasser en 1970, dando comienzo a una nueva era de cambios sociales y políticos en Egipto. Consideramos los cambios socio-políticos y sus repercusiones en la arena cultural no solo como contexto sino también como parte de una relación dialéctica que influyó en la imagen de las bailarinas y que se evidencia en tres películas protagonizadas por Tahia Carioca: El juego de la mujer (1946), Mi amor moreno (1958) y Cuidado con Zuzu (1972). Del análisis de sus papeles en estas tres películas, en relación con su contexto, surge nuestro argumento, a saber: que los cambios socio-políticos acontecidos en Egipto en este periodo de tiempo se han proyectado –y han cambiado– la imagen de la bailarina, quien es vista primero como una trabajadora (1946), luego una mujerdemonio (1958) y finalmente como una marginal (1972)This study examines the projected image of dancers in Egyptian cinema through the analysis of three roles in the career of the most famous Egyptian dancer of all time: Tahia Carioca. The historical background for the studied films includes the last period of the King Farouk monarchy (1946-1952), the revolution of the Free Officers Movement (1952), and the Nasser regime (1953-1970), and ends with Nasser’s death, when a new social and political era started to blossom in Egypt. I consider the socio-political changes and their cultural repercussions not only as context but also as part of a dialectic relationship that affected the portrayal of dancers in three films featuring Tahia Carioca: The Lady’s Puppet (1946), My Dark Darling (1958), and Pay Attention to Zuzu (1972). By examining her roles in the three films, I argue that sociopolitical changes in Egypt have been projected in –and changed– the image of the dancer, who is first seen as a working-woman (1946), then as an evil-woman (1958), and finally as a marginalized person (1972

Psychological distress from early adulthood to early old age: Evidence from the 1946, 1958 and 1970 British birth cohorts

Background: Existing evidence on profiles of psychological distress across adulthood uses cross-sectional or longitudinal studies with short observation periods. The objective of this research was to study the profile of psychological distress within the same individuals from early adulthood to early old age across three British birth cohorts. Methods We used data from three British birth cohorts: born in 1946 (n = 3093), 1958 (n = 13 250) and 1970 (n = 12 019). The profile of psychological distress - expressed both as probability of being a clinical case or a count of symptoms based on comparable items within and across cohorts - was modelled using the multilevel regression framework. Results In both 1958 and 1970 cohorts, there was an initial drop in the probability of being a case between ages 23-26 and 33-34. Subsequently, the predicted probability of being a case increased from 12.5% at age 36 to 19.5% at age 53 in the 1946 cohort; from 8.0% at age 33 to 13.7% at age 42 in the 1958 cohort and from 15.7% at age 34 to 19.7% at age 42 in the 1970 cohort. In the 1946 cohort, there was a drop in the probability of caseness between ages 60-64 and 69 (19.5% v. 15.2%). Consistent results were obtained with the continuous version of the outcome. Conclusions Across three post-war British birth cohorts midlife appears to be a particularly vulnerable phase for experiencing psychological distress. Understanding the reasons for this will be important for the prevention and management of mental health problems. [Abstract sourced from the publisher version of the article]

Education, First Occupation and Later Occupational Attainment: Cross-cohort Changes among Men and Women in Britain

This paper examines cohort and gender differences in occupational attainment in Britain. Using data from the three British Birth Cohort studies, I investigate the process of occupational attainment up to age 34 using a scale based on occupational earnings. Although qualifications appear to have stronger effects on occupational attainment for women than for men at both labour market entry and in the midthirties, I find no consistent evidence that the importance of qualifications is becoming greater across cohorts, either for men or for women. Also, there are no indications that the effects of occupation at labour market entry on men’s and women’s later occupational attainment have been strengthening over time. However, the findings do point to the possibility of cohort-specific effects: the experience of men and women in the 1958 cohort consistently differs from that of those in both the 1946 and 1970 cohorts

W96-1204. Ganzevoort, Herman (1942- ). Papers, 1946-1970. 2.50 linear ft.

Papers, documents, and records dating from 1946-1970. Papers include a large body of Jan Heersink’s correspondence, as well as the correspondence of other officials and members of the Canadian-Netherlands Immigration Council (CNIC). Documents and records of the CNIC and other institutions associated with the Reformed Church are also included