Nutrição mineral da macieira. III. crescimento e extração de nutrientes pelos frutos

In order to obtain informations concerning the dry matter production and extraction of nutrients by the fruits of the varieties 'Ohio Beauty' and 'Brasil', a trial was conducted on a Latossol Vermelho Escuro-Orto (USTOX) at Buri , State of São Paulo, Brazil. The fruits were collected from trees grafted on 'Doucin' being 1-2; 3-4; 4-5, and 6-7 years old. Chemical analysis were run on the fruits for: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Mo; as well for the dry mat ter production. The main conclusions are as follows: a) differences were observed on dry matter production of fruits by the two varieties at the different stages of growth; b) differences were observed on exportation of nutrients between the two varieties concerning the fruit growth period- the nutrient exportation by the fruits obeyed following order: K>;N>;P>;S>;Ca>;Mg>;Fe>;B >; Cu >; Mn >; Zn >; Mo.Em um ensaio com macieiras 'Ohio Beauty' e 'Brasil' com 1-2, 3-4, 4-5 e 6-7 anos enxertadas sobre macieira 'Doucin¹, estabalecidos no municfoio de Buri no Estado de São Paulo, assentado sobre Latossol Vermelho Escuro-orto, foram coletados frutos de cada idade, pesados após secagem a 80°C e analisados para N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Mo. Os autores concluíram: a) frutos da variedade 'Ohio Beauty' e 'Brasil" diferem nos acúmulos de matéria seca em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento; b) as variedades diferem na extração de nutrientes pelos frutos; c) a extração de nutrientes pelos frutos obedecem a seguinte ordem: K>;N>;P>;S>; Ca >; Mg >; B >; Cu >; Mn >; Zn >; Mo

Effects of Micronutrients (B, Cu , Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn) on Plant Performance and Yield of Pineapple CVS Mauritius and Masmerah Planted on Malaysian Virgin Peat Soils

The objective of this study is to establish the importance of micronutrients B, Fe, Mn, Mo and especially Cu and Zn for the cuItivation of pineapple cvs Mauritius and Masmerah on virgin peat coils in Peninsular Malaysia. A pot and three field trials were set up to determine the effects of these micronutrients on the plant height, leaf number, fresh and dry weights of D-leaf, Cu and Zn content of D-leaf and the fruit weight of these two cultivars. The deficiency symptoms were also observed. A study on rinduced Cu and Zn deficiencies was also carried out on the two cultivars. Only Cu showed distinct deficiency symptoms in both the pot and field trials in pineapple cv Mauritius while none was observed for B, Fe, Mn, Mo,and Zn. No distinct deficiency symptoms of B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn were observed on pineapple cv Masmerah. only Cu was observed to give significant effect to the plant height, fresh an d dry weight of D-leaf an d Cu-content of D-leaf on cv Mauritius. However, the leaf number and fruit weight were not significantly affected. The Cu-deficient pl ants in the field were observed to be sporadic or pocket-like in distribution . The deficiency was observed to occur as early as the fourth of fifth month of planting. No significant difference was observed with the different levels of Cu (5,10,15 kg/ha) applied on the above-mentioned factors investigated. Thus, Cu at 5 kg/h a would be sufficient to overcome the deficiency symptoms in the field. The effect of Zn was observed to be non-significant for the cultivation of pineapple cv Mauritius

Эколого-агрохимическая характеристика содержания микроэлементов в системе почва-растение в агроценозах Омского Прииртышья

oai:https://soils-journal.ru/index.php/POS/oai:article/1The data on the content of microelements Mn, Cu, Zn, Co, Mo, B in soils of different zones of Omsk Irtysh region and plants grown on them are presented. The content of acid-soluble forms of Mn, Cu, Zn, Co, determined in 5M HNO3, in chernozem and solonets soils of the forest-steppe and steppe approaches the background total content in the chernozems of the south of Western Siberia. It depends on the content of sludge fractions, physical clay, the value of the cation exchange capacity. On the soils of the southern taiga, plants are deficient in mobile B, Mo, Co, Cu. In the chernozem and solonets soils of the forest-steppe and steppe zones, the mobility of the Cu, Zn, Co compounds is low (0.5-1.2% of acid-soluble forms), Mn (1.8-3.3%), B and Mo (5-13% ) is higher. The content in mobile zinc soils is estimated as low, Mn, Cu, Co as low and medium, Mo - medium and high, B - high. The level of trace elements in natural and cultivated plants is higher than in the southern taiga, however, a low content of Cu, Co, and sometimes Zn is often observed. In solonetzes and saline soils, excessive concentrations of mobile B are contained, which contributes to an increase in the entry of the element into food chains.Представлены данные о содержании микроэлементов Mn, Cu, Zn, Co, B и Mo в почвах разных зон Омского Прииртышья и выращенных на них растениях. Содержание кислоторастворимых форм Mn, Cu, Zn, Co, определенных в 5М HNO3, в черноземных и солонцовых почвах лесостепи и степи приближается к фоновому валовому содержанию в черноземах юга Западной Сибири. Оно зависит от содержания фракций ила, физической глины и величины емкости катионного обмена. На почвах южной тайги растения испытывают дефицит подвижных B, Mo, Co и Cu. В черноземных и солонцовых почвах лесостепной и степной зон подвижность соединений Cu, Zn, Co низкая (0,5-1,2% кислоторастворимых форм), Mn (1,8-3,3%), В и Мо (5-13%) более высокая. Содержание в почвах подвижного цинка оценивается как низкое, Mn, Cu, Co как низкое и среднее, Мо – среднее и высокое, В – высокое. Уровень содержания микроэлементов в естественных и культурных растениях больше по сравнению с растительностью южной тайги, однако нередко отмечается пониженное содержание Cu, Co, иногда Zn. В солонцах и засоленных почвах содержатся избыточные концентрации подвижного В, что способствует увеличению поступления элемента в пищевые цепи

Nota sobre as exigências minerais do cacaueiro

One kg of dry cocoa beans contains, in grams: N--33.4; P-2.1; K-8.1; Mg-1 .9; S-0.9; in mg: B-12; Cu-16; Fe-80; Mn-28; Mo-0.04; Zn-47. The partially decomposed hulls left in the field showed the following composition on the dry matter basis: N-2.20%; P-0.05; K-2.40; Ca--0.51; Mg-0.32; S-0.12; B-16 ppm; Cu-16; Fe-368; Mn-56; M0-0.06 and Zn-93. Leaves (third from the apex of freshly matured flushing) collected in a high yielding plantation (2.6 t dry beans/ha) showed the following mineral composition: N-1.98%; P-0;17; K-2.20; Ca-0.73; Mg-0.29; S-0.19; B-25 ppm; Cu-14, Fe-87; Mn-134; MO-0.16; Zn-96.Foi feita a determinaçio dos elementos minerais contidos nos frutos do cacaueiro, amêndoas e casca. Um quilo de amendoas secas contêm, em grama: N-33,4; P--2,1; K-8,1; Ca-0,8; Mg-1,9; S-0,9; em mg: B-12; Cu-16, Fe-80; Mn-28; Mo-0,04; Zn-47. A análise completa do casqueiro semi decomposto mostrou na matéria seca os seguintes teores porcentuais N-2,20; P-0,05; K-2,40; Ca-0,51; Mg-0,32; S--0,12; concentração dos micronutrientes, em ppm é B-16; Cu-16; Fe-368; Mn-56; Mo-0,06; Zn-93. Foram colhidas amostras de folhas de uma roça altamente produtiva (172 arrobas ou 2580 quilos//ha)cuja análise mostrou os sequintes teores: N-I ,98%; P-0,17; K-2,20; Ca--0,73; Mq-0,19; B-25 ppm; Cu-14; Fe-87; Mu-134; Mo-0,16; Zn-96

Sintomas visuais de deficiências de micronutrientes e composição mineral de folhas em mudas de goiabeira

In order to identify the visual symptoms of micronutrient deficiency and of mineral content in the guava young plant leaves, seedlings were grown in a greenhouse experiment in seven different treatments as follows: (1) complete; (2) without B; (3) without Co; (4) without Fe; (5) without Mn; (6) without Mo; and (7) without Zn. The solutions were changed every 20 days. All symptoms were described and the deficiencies due of boron, copper, iron, manganese and zinc could be clearly noticed in the leaves. This fact was not observed for Mo. After 65 days, the third pair of leaves was collected, to assess the nutrient contents which were in mg kg-1: B (7 - 43); Cu (2 - 6); Fe (55 - 117); Mn (5 - 23) e Zn (9 - 14). The first number in parentheses represents the deficient treatment, and the second the complete treatment. Several interactions were found, such as Cu with Fe, Cu with Mn, Fe with B, Fe with Zn, Mn with Zn, B with Ca and B with P. A decrease on dry matter yield could be observed when certain micronutrients were not applied, except for the one in which Mo was absent.Com o objetivo de verificar os sintomas visuais de deficiência nutricional de micronutrientes e avaliar a composição mineral das folhas, conduziu-se um experimento em solução nutritiva. Os tratamentos foram assim constituídos: (1) solução completa (testemunha); (2) menos B; (3) menos Cu; (4) menos Fe; (5) menos Mn; (6) menos Mo; e (7) menos Zn. As soluções foram renovadas a cada 20 dias. As deficiências de boro, cobre, ferro, manganês e zinco resultaram na manifestação de sintomas visíveis e característicos. Esse fato não foi verificado com relação ao Mo. As concentrações de cada nutriente no terceiro par de folhas dos tratamentos deficientes e completo, em mg kg-1, foram respectivamente: B (7 e 43); Cu (2 e 6); Fe (55 e 117); Mn (5 e 23) e Zn (9 e 14). Foram verificadas algumas interações, como, Cu x Fe, Cu x Mn, Fe x B, Fe x Zn, Mn x Zn, B x Ca e B x P. A quantidade de matéria seca produzida apresentou redução em todos os tratamentos em que a solução nutritiva era omissa em um micronutriente, exceto naquele em que o Mo estava ausente

Micronutrient deficiency effect on the nutritional status of the castor bean cultivar Iris

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram caracterizar os sintomas visuais de deficiência de micronutrientes e avaliar efeitos desses micronutrientes no estado nutricional da mamoeira. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação utilizando-se solução nutritiva, de fevereiro a junho de 2003. Foram utilizadas plantas de mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.) do híbrido comercial Íris. Os tratamentos foram: completo, omissão de B, omissão de Cu, omissão de Fe, omissão de Mn, omissão de Mo e omissão de Zn. A omissão de B, Fe e Mn resultou em sintomas característicos de deficiência. Os sintomas se desenvolveram primeiramente em plantas deficientes em Fe ou Mn, seguidas das deficientes em boro. A produção de matéria seca foi afetada na seguinte ordem: Fe>Mn>B. Tanto as folhas superiores como as inferiores refletem o estado nutricional da mamoneira em relação a B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo e Zn. O teor de clorofila nas folhas, medido em unidades SPAD, foi influenciado pela omissão dos micronutrientes.The objectives of this work were to characterize the visual symptoms of micronutrient deficiencies, and their effects on nutricional status of castor beans. A greenhouse experiment with nutrient solutions was carried out from February to June, 2003. The commercial hybrid "Iris" was used. Treatments were as follows: complete, minus B, minus Cu, minus Fe, minus Mn, minus Mo, and minus Zn. Symptoms of deficiency were observed in the treatments with omission of B, Fe, and Mn. The symptoms firstly developed when either Fe or Mn was deficient, and they were followed by those deficient in boron. Dry matter yield was affected in the decreasing order: Fe>Mn>B. Both upper and lower leaves reflect the nutritional status of the castor bean with respect to B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn. Leaf chlorophyll, as measured in units SPAD, was influenced by the treatments

Estudos sobre a nutrição mineral do arroz: XVII. Exigências nutricionais das variedades IAC-164 e IAC-165

Two upland rice varieties, IAC-164 and IAC-165 were grown in full strenght nº 2 Hoagland's solution untill their life cycle was completed. Dry matter production and both macro and micronutrient contents were then determined. Accumulation of macronutrients obeyed the following decreasing order: IAC-164 - K, N, Ca, Mg, P, and S; IAC-165 - N, K, Ca, P = Mg, and S. Exportation of macronutrients followed the same order for both varieties namely: N, K, P, Mg, Ca, and S. Percentwise P was the element exported in the grains in higher proportion. The requirement for micronutrients showed the following decreasing order: IAC-164 - Cl, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B, and Mo; IAC-165 - Cl, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, and Mo. The extremely high Cl content was tentatively explained by luxury consumption. Both varieties presented the same trend in the exportation of micronutrients: Cl, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, B and Mo. Variety IAC-165 showed a higher efficiency of utilization of elements for yield formation, only P and Ca being exceptions.Duas variedades de arroz de sequeiro, IAC-164 e IAC-165, foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva até o fim do ciclo. Foi feita a determinação da matéria seca das raízes, colmos+perfilhos, folhas, casca e grãos. Nas diversas partes foi feita a determinação dos teores de macro e micronutrientes. Os macronutrientes foram exigidos na seguinte ordem decrescente: IAC-164 - K, N, Ca, Mg, P e S; IAC-165 - N, K, Ca, P - Mg, As duas variedades exportaram (grãos + casca) os elementos na ordem decrescente seguinte: N, K, P, Mg, Ca, S. As exigências de micronutrientes por sua vez, guardaram a ordem decrescente: IAC-164 - Cl, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B, Mo; IAC-165 - Cl, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Mo. A exportação obedeceu a esta ordem para as duas variedades: Cl, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, B e Mo. As exigências nutricionais das duas variedades não foram as mesmas

Distribution of selected trace elements in the major fractions of donkey milk

The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of Zn, Cu, Mn, Se, Mo, Co, Li, B, Ti, Cr, Rb, Sr, Cd, and Pb in donkey milk and their distribution in major milk fractions (i.e., fat, casein, whey proteins, and aqueous phase). Individual milk samples were provided by 16 clinically healthy lactating donkeys. Subsequent centrifugation, ultracentrifugation, and ultrafiltration were carried out to remove fat, casein, and whey proteins to obtain skim milk, a supernatant whey fraction, and the aqueous phase of milk, respectively. Concentrations of the elements were measured in whole milk and fractions by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and the concentrations associated with fat, casein, and whey proteins were then calculated. The effect of removal of fat, casein, and whey proteins was determined by repeated-measures ANOVA. The fat fraction of donkey milk carried a small (∼4.5% to 13.5%) but significant proportion of Mo, Co, Ti, Cr, and Sr. The casein fraction in donkey milk carried almost all milk Zn, a majority of Cu and Mn, and most of Mo, Ti, and Sr. Relevant proportions, between 20% and 36%, of Se, Co, and Cr were also associated with caseins. The majority of Se, Co, Li, B, Cr, and Rb, and relevant proportions of Mn, Mo, Ti, and Sr were found in soluble form (ultracentrifuged samples) and distributed between whey proteins and the aqueous phase of milk (ultrafiltered samples). Whey proteins in donkey milk carried the majority of milk Se and Co. All Li and B was present in the aqueous phase of milk, which also contained most Rb and Cr, and 17% to 42% of Mn, Se, Mo, Co, Ti, and Sr

Types of geochemical associations in the Borov Dol - Shopur area interpretation of the data of primary and secondary haloes

The paper presents statistical calculations of the results of geochemical investigations of the primary and secondary dispersion haloes carried out on an area of some 40 km^2 in the Borov Dol - Shopur region (the Buchim ore district). Sampling was carried out on 500 x 200 spacing by research workers from IMGRE Moscow and the Buchim mine. The results obtained were first interpreted by the Geoscan method and the cluster analysis method (discussed in this paper), as well as the factor analysis of Kaiser method. Based on complex statistical calculations, correlation dependencies and classification of individual elements according to variogramas, factor distributions and dendograms, the types and geochemical associations distinguished are grouped us tollows: 1. Based on cluster analysis the following were distinguished: a) according to primary dispersion haloes (Pb, Zn, Sn). [(Ga, Ag) Vb]. (Ni, Co, Cr), [(Ti, Zr, Y) Nb]; b) according to secondary dispersion haloes [(Ni, Cr, Co) Mn]; [(Ti, V) Sc]; [(Vb, Nb) Ag]; (W, Ga); (Cu, Y) Mo; (Pb, Zn, Sn); 2. Based on data of factor analysis the following were distinguished: a) according to primary haloes [(Zr, Y. B, Ti) Nb]; (Sr); (Pb, Zn, Sn); (Ga, Ag, Vb); (B, Mn, Ni) Co, Cr b) according to secondary haloes: [(Ni, Cr. Co) Mn]; [(Vb, W, Nb) Ag, Ga)J; [(Ti, V) Sc)]; (Pb, Zn, Sn); (Cu, Y, Mo). Particular mention should be made of the (Pb, Zn, Sn) geochemical association which is clearly defined in both groups as well as (Cu, Y, Mo) as n characteristic association for the secondary dispersion haloes