Non-Visual Representation of Complex Documents for Use in Digital Talking Books

Essential written information such as text books, bills, and catalogues needs to be accessible by everyone. However, access is not always available to vision-impaired people. As they require electronic documents to be available in specific formats. In order to address the accessibility issues of electronic documents, this research aims to design an affordable, portable, standalone and simple to use complete reading system that will convert and describe complex components in electronic documents to print disabled users

Non-visual representation of complex documents for use in digital talking books

According to a World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) estimation, only 5% of the world's one million print titles that are published every year are accessible to the approximately 340 million blind, visually impaired or print disabled people. Equal access to information is a basic right of all people. Essen- tial information such as flyers, brochures, event calendars, programs, catalogues and booking information needs to be accessible by everyone. Information helps people to make decisions, be involved in society and live independent lives. Ar- ticle 21, Section 4.2. of the United Nation's Convention on the rights of people with disabilities advocates the right of blind and partially sighted people to take control of their own lives. However, this entitlement is not always available to them without access to information. Today, electronic documents have become pervasive. For vision-impaired people electronic documents need to be available in specific formats to be accessible. If these formats are not made available, vision-impaired people are greatly disadvantaged when compared to the general population. Therefore, addressing electronic document accessibility for them is an extremely important concern. In order to address the accessibility issues of electronic documents, this research aims to design an affordable, portable, stand-alone and simple to use "Complete Reading System" to provide accessible electronic documents to vision impaired

Development of enabling technologies for single cell analysis with mass spectrometry

Mass spectrometry (MS) is an effective methodology for untargeted, label-free, highly multiplexed analyses of trace compounds based on their mass-to-charge ratios. For biological applications, these properties have generated interest in determining biomarkers of diseased states, detecting drug compounds and metabolites, and observing previously unknown chemical messengers. Recent developments in instrumentation have provided exquisite sensitivity with robust performance. A growing field of single cell chemical analysis has arisen around these figures of merit. While early reports utilized manual isolation and extraction, recent developments in high-throughput sampling have enabled the examination of large populations of cells. One such method includes the analysis of dispersed single cells on a flat surface. When cells are randomly seeded onto the surface, their locations have to be determined by optical imaging to direct acquisition of isolated cells efficiently. A variety of microprobe ionization sources are suitable for such analyses, though smaller probe footprints can utilize more densely seeded samples. This dissertation describes two technologies for performing single cell analysis with mass spectrometry. The first, synchronized desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), facilitates ambient ionization MS with high mass resolution, low duty cycle mass analyzers. The initial report utilized synchronized DESI for mass spectrometry imaging, but interrupting the desorption plume would be useful for profiling several locations on a surface in an arbitrary order for single cell analysis. The second methodology utilizes microscopy images to guide MS profiling. Specifically, image analysis software, called microMS, was developed to perform cell finding and correlate optical coordinates with the physical coordinates in a mass spectrometer. Since most of the functionality of microMS is decoupled from the mass spectrometer, the workflow can be easily extended to a variety of instruments. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time of flight (TOF)-MS, rodent pancreatic islet cells were investigated and heterogeneous peptide processing was detected at the single cell level. With secondary ion mass spectrometry, disparate tissue from the mammalian nervous system was differentiated and further stratified into separate populations. A unique feature of such analyses is that only a fraction of the sample is consumed and the location of a cell is constant once the sample is dried. This property greatly simplifies sequential, follow-up analysis. As an example, MALDI-TOF-MS was utilized to rapidly screen a population of islet cells to select alpha and beta cell types. The locations of those cells were then targeted for liquid microjunction extraction in order to examine their metabolite profiles with capillary electrophoresis-MS. Finally, while microscopy-guided MS profiling is accurate enough to target single cells, the methodology is flexible enough to analyze much larger samples, including tissue sections or bacterial colonies. As an application, natural product mutant libraries were screened directly from E. coli colonies using microMS. The suite of technologies and protocols described increases the applicability of many mass spectrometers to characterize a range of cells, colonies and similar objects for their chemical composition

Fiscal Year 1995

The mission of the Engineering Research, Development, and Technology Program at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is to develop the knowledge base, process technologies, specialized equipment, tools and facilities to support current and future LLNL programs. Engineering`s efforts are guided by a strategy that results in dual benefit: first, in support of Department of Energy missions, such as national security through nuclear deterrence; and second, in enhancing the nation`s economic competitiveness through their collaboration with US industry in pursuit of the most cost-effective engineering solutions to LLNL programs. To accomplish this mission, the Engineering Research, Development, and Technology Program has two important goals: (1) identify key technologies relevant to LLNL programs where they can establish unique competencies, and (2) conduct high-quality research and development to enhance their capabilities and establish themselves as the world leaders in these technologies. To focus Engineering`s efforts, technology thrust areas are identified and technical leaders are selected for each area. The thrust areas are comprised of integrated engineering activities, staffed by personnel from the nine electronics and mechanical engineering divisions, and from other LLNL organizations. This annual report, organized by thrust area, describes Engineering`s activities for fiscal year 1995. The report provides timely summaries of objectives methods, and key results from eight thrust areas: computational electronics and electromagnetics; computational mechanics; microtechnology; manufacturing technology; materials science and engineering; power conversion technologies; nondestructive evaluation; and information engineering

Sharing knowledge: scientfic communication: 9. Kongress der IuK-Initiative der Wissenschaftlichen Fachgesellschaft in Deutschland

Inhaltsverzeichnis: Heike Andermann: Entwicklung von alternativen Publikationsstrukturen in Europa und den USA. DFG-Projekt: Perspektiven für den Bezug elektronischer Fachinformation in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (11-20); Elke Brenstein, Olaf Klos: Qualitätssicherung und Nutzung von wissenschaftsrelevanten Angeboten auf dem Deutschen Bildungsserver: empirische Befunde einer vergleichenden Logfile-Analyse (21-36); Christine Burblies, Tamara Pianos: vascoda - das gemeinsame Portal von Informationsverbänden, Elektronischer Zeitschriftenbibliothek und Virtuellen Fachbibliotheken (37-46); Klaus Hahn: Probleme der Integration digitaler Bibliothekssysteme: semantische Heterogenität bei datenbankübergreifenden Recherchen (47-58); Heiko Hellweg, Bernd Hermes, Maximilian Stempfhuber: Unterstützung kooperativer Verfahren zum Aufbau von Fachportalen (59-70); Michael Hohlfeld, Thomas Severiens: PhysNet und seine Spiegel - das Projekt SINN (71-82); Nikola Korb: Online-Hochschulschriften für die Praxis (83-94); Rudi Schmiede, Stephan Körnig: Infrastrukturen für innovative Digital Library-Dienste. Perspektiven des Kompetenznetzwerks "Neue Dienste, Standardisierung, Metadaten" (95-106); Jutta von Maurice: Das Psychologische Datenarchiv PsychData. Zur Frage der angemessenen Dokumentation von Primärdaten der empirisch-psychologischen Forschung (107-118); Astrid Nechvátal: Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Informationskompetenz durch den Fachinformationsanbieter ZPID (119-130); Olaf Ninnemann, Bernd Wegner: LIMES - a system for a distributed database production in mathematics (131-138); Frank Oldenettel, Michael Malachinski: Integration von digitalen Bibliotheken in Learning-Management-Systeme (139-156); Judith Plümer: MPRESS - transition of metadata formats (157-168); Dennis Reil: Einsatz von Lernmanagementsystemen in traditionellen Lehrveranstaltungen am Beispiel der Universitäten Oldenburg und Osnabrück. Ein Erfahrungsbericht (169-180); Hans E. Roosendaal, Peter A.Th.M. Geurts: Reflections on the value chain of scientific information (181-192); Natascha Schumann, Wolfgang Meier, Sue Heise, Rudi Schmiede: SozioNet - Web-Ressourcen für ein künftiges Fachportal Sozialwissenschaften (193-204); Thomas Severiens, Esther Tobschall: ViFaPhys - Virtuelle Fachbibliothek Physik. Ein kooperatives Dienstleistungsangebot für die Physik (205-212); Günther Specht, Michael G. Bauer: Weiterentwicklung von digitalen Biblithekssystemen zu OpenArchives-Systemen (213-226); Markus Kalb, Günther Specht: Zeitliche Verwaltung XML-basierter Metadaten in digitalen Bibliotheken (227-238); Maximilian Stempfhuber: infoconnex - der Informationsverbund Pädagogik - Sozialwissenschaften - Psychologie (239-248); Christian Swertz: Das didaktische Metadatensystem DML - Grundlagen und praktische Anwendung (249-266); Paul van der Vet, Eelco Mossel: The C2M project: a wrapper generator for chemistry and biology (267-282); Josef Wiemeyer: Analyse der Qualität der multimedialen Lernumgebung "BioPrinz" (283-292)

Электронные библиотеки: перспективные методы и технологии, электронные коллекции

Электронные библиотеки – область исследований и разработок, направленных на развитие теории и практики обработки, распространения, хранения, анализа и поиска цифровых данных различной природы. Основная цель серии конференций RCDL заключается в формировании сообщества специалистов России, ведущих исследования и разработки в области электронных библиотек и близких областях. Всероссийская научная конференция 2009 г. (RCDL'2009) является одиннадцатой конференцией по данной тематике (1999 г. – Санкт-Петербург, 2000 г. – Протвино, 2001 г. – Петрозаводск, 2002 г. – Дубна, 2003 г. – Санкт-Петербург, 2004 г. – Пущино, 2005 г. – Ярославль, 2006 г. – Суздаль, 2007 г. – Переславль-Залесский, 2008 г. – Дубна). Настоящий сборник включает тексты докладов, коротких сообщений и стендовых докладов, отобранных Программным комитетом RCDL'2009 в результате проведенного рецензирования

30. Forum Bauinformatik

Die Bauhaus-Universität Weimar ist seit langer Zeit mit dem Forum Bauinformatik eng verbunden. So wurde die Veranstaltung 1989 hier durch den Arbeitskreis Bauinformatik ins Leben gerufen und auch das 10. und 18. Forum Bauinformatik (1998 bzw. 2006) fand in Weimar statt. In diesem Jahr freuen wir uns daher besonders, das 30. Jubiläum an der Bauhaus-Universität Weimar ausrichten zu dürfen und viele interessierte Wissenschaftler und Wissenschaftlerinnen aus dem Bereich der Bauinformatik in Weimar willkommen zu heißen. Das Forum Bauinformatik hat sich längst zu einem festen Bestandteil der Bauinformatik im deutschsprachigen Raum entwickelt. Dabei steht es traditionsgemäß unter dem Motto „von jungen Forschenden für junge Forschende“, wodurch insbesondere Nachwuchswissenschaftlerinnen und ‑wissenschaftlern die Möglichkeit geboten wird, ihre Forschungsarbeiten zu präsentieren, Problemstellungen fachspezifisch zu diskutieren und sich über den neuesten Stand der Forschung zu informieren. Zudem wird eine ausgezeichnete Gelegenheit geboten, in die wissenschaftliche Gemeinschaft im Bereich der Bauinformatik einzusteigen und Kontakte mit anderen Forschenden zu knüpfen. In diesem Jahr erhielten wir 49 interessante und qualitativ hochwertige Beiträge vor allem in den Themenbereichen Simulation, Modellierung, Informationsverwaltung, Geoinformatik, Structural Health Monitoring, Visualisierung, Verkehrssimulation und Optimierung. Dafür möchten wir uns ganz besonders bei allen Autoren, Co-Autoren und Reviewern bedanken, die durch ihr Engagement das diesjährige Forum Bauinformatik erst möglich gemacht haben. Wir danken zudem Professor Große und Professor Díaz für die Unterstützung bei der Auswahl der Beiträge für die Best Paper Awards. Ein herzliches Dankeschön geht an die Kollegen an der Professur Informatik im Bauwesen der Bauhaus-Universität Weimar für die organisatorische, technische und beratende Unterstützung während der Planung der Veranstaltung

ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF MOBILE PHONES

Battery consumption in mobile applications development is a very important aspect and has to be considered by all the developers in their applications. This study will present an analysis of different relevant concepts and parameters that may have an impact on energy consumption of Windows Phone applications. This operating system was chosen because limited research related thereto has been conducted, even though there are related studies for Android and iOS operating systems. Furthermore, another reason is the increasing number of Windows Phone users. The objective of this research is to categorise the energy consumption parameters (e.g. use of one thread or several threads for the same output). The result for each group of experiments will be analysed and a rule will be derived. The set of derived rules will serve as a guide for developers who intend to develop energy efficient Windows Phone applications. For each experiment, one application is created for each concept and the results are presented in two ways; a table and a chart. The table presents the duration of the experiment, the battery consumed in the experiment, the expected battery lifetime, and the energy consumption, while the charts display the energy distribution based on the main threads: UI thread, application thread, and network thread