Mejiro University Repository / 目白大学リポジトリ
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A Study on Metacognitive Knowledge and Its Practice among First-Year Students
pdfメタ認知の活用は効果的な学びに大きな役割を果たすことが指摘され、学生のメタ認知能力の育成が重要な課題となっている。本研究では、さいたま岩槻キャンパスの医療系初年次生を対象に、メタ認知的知識とその実践、自己の学習経験に関する主観的評価との関係を検討した。メタ認知的知識の調査項目は、既存の「メタ認知的知識項目(三宮,2018)」より、大学での学習と関連の深い35項目を抽出して作成した。結果から、メタ認知的知識の項目による差と顕著な個人差がみられた。また、メタ認知的知識とその実践の間には正の相関(r = 0.59)が示された。一方で、知識を有するが実践率の低い項目も散見された。結果を踏まえて、メタ認知能力を促進する上での課題を考える。departmental bulletin pape
Frequency of seeing or hearing information about employment and career decision-making self-efficacy─survey of students taking career education courses at universities─
pdfUrakami (1996) found that when information was obtained from relatives, positive information about employment was positively correlated with career decision-making self-efficacy. However, when information was obtained from in-class or senior students, negative information was also positively correlated with career decision-making selfefficacy. The present study aimed to extend Urakami’s (1996) findings. A questionnaire survey was administered to 185 sophomores and 216 juniors. The results showed a positive correlation between the frequency of positive information and career decision-making selfefficacy when obtaining information from relatives, senior students, media, and friends for sophomores and juniors. For juniors, a positive correlation was also found between the frequency of negative information and career decision-making self-efficacy when obtaining information from seniors and relatives. In the case of obtaining information from within the classroom, a positive correlation was found between the frequency of positive information and career decision-making self-efficacy only for juniors. Based on these results, we discussed the results from the perspective of career education at universities.departmental bulletin pape
Open dialogue practice and occupational therapy for workers
pdf《目的》統合失調症急性期に対するケアの手法としてオープンダイアローグ(以下、OD)が注目されている。筆者は勤労者を対象にODの対話実践を行った。そこで、リワークで行ったODの特徴を述べ、ODを実践するにあたり心得のポイントをまとめ、ODの有効性を示す顕著な成果が見られた自験例を提示する。
《方法》Aクリニックのリワーク通所者およびリワーク終了後の復職者、外来通院患者を対象にODの対話実践を行った。OD実践のためのスタッフの事前準備、治療で用いたODの理念、OD開始の工夫、ODの進行方法について記し、症例を提示した。
《結果》ODによる対話実践の主なテーマは、1)職場で満たされなかったこと、2)退職、転職について、3)コミュニケーションの取り方などが挙げられ、運営面ではリワーク時間終了後にスタッフがチームとして参集し、毎日開催できる仕組みを整え、自験例の成果では、従来のリワークプログラムに比べ、対象者自身の洞察が深まり、家族との思いがシェアできるようになり、再度、復職意欲を持ち始めた。
《結語》ODの実施により話し手自身の内的な深まりが見られたこと、リフレクティングによる治療チームにより本人の気づきが促されたことが顕著な改善に結びついたと考えられた。Objective: Open dialogue(OD) has been attracting attention as a management method for acute schizophrenia. The author practiced OD with workers. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of OD for employees returning to their work, summarize the key points that should be considered when practicing OD, and present a case study with remarkable results demonstrating the effectiveness of OD.
Method: OD practice was carried out with attendees at Clinic A, those who hoped to return to work after taking a leave of absence, and outpatients. Advanced preparations of staff for OD practice, the philosophy of OD used in the treatment, the ideas for starting OD, and the methods of proceeding with OD were described and presented in this case study.
Results: The main themes of the OD practice were(1) dissatisfaction at work,(2) resignation and job changes, and(3) how to communicate. Regarding the management, a system in which the staff gathered as a team after the re-employment time was established, and the session was held every day. The results of our case study revealed the participants’ insights were deepened compared to conventional re-employment programs, could share their thoughts with their families, and began to have the desire to return to work again.
Conclusion: The OD implementation deepened the speaker’s inner perspective, and the treatment team’s reflective approach helped the speaker become more aware of the condition, which have led to significant improvement.departmental bulletin pape
Lateralization of cerebral function in a patient with suspected aprosodia due to left middle cerebral artery infarction
pdf《目的》左中大脳動脈の広範な梗塞により、失語症や右半側空間無視とともにaprosodiaをはじめ右半球症状を呈した症例を経験したため、症例の機能偏在性について考察する。
《方法》症例の神経心理学的症状を整理するため、標準失語症検査やBehavioural Inattention Test行動性無視検査などの各種神経心理学検査および利き手テストを実施した。
《結果》本症例の利き手テストは両手利きの判定であった。発話は感情表現を伴わず、右半球損傷で報告されるaprosodiaと類似していた。その他の右半球症状として、談話障害や表情変化の乏しさも認めた。一方で、左半球症状の失語症は病巣の大きさに比し症状が軽く、一般的には軽度が多い右半側空間無視は中等度であった。
《結論》本症例は左脳梗塞により多彩な神経心理学的症状を呈した。利き手テストは両手利きの判定であったため、一般的な右手利き者と機能偏在性が異なっていた可能性が考えられた。Objective: To present functional lateralization observed in a patient with right hemispheric symptoms, including aprosodia, aphasia, and right unilateral spatial neglect, owing to extensive infarction in the left middle cerebral artery territory.
Methods: The neuropsychologic symptoms were evaluated using various tests, including the standard language test of aphasia, behavioral inattention test, and dominant hand test.
Results: The patient was ambidextrous; their speech was devoid of emotional expression, similar to aprosodia reported in patients with right hemisphere injury. Other right hemispheric symptoms were discourse deficits and poor facial expression changes. Conversely, among the left hemispheric symptoms, aphasia was mild compared to the lesion size. Furthermore, right unilateral spatial neglect, which is usually mild in similar cases, was moderate in our patient.
Conclusion: The patient presented with a variety of neuropsychologic symptoms owing to a left cerebral infarction. The ambidexterity of the patient might partially explain the deviation of lateralization of cerebral function from what is typically observed in a right-handed person.departmental bulletin pape
Needs and actual utilization of school counselors by elementary and junior high school parents
pdfThis study aimed to clarify the needs and experiences of parents of children attending elementary or junior high schools when utilizing the services of school counselors. The study analyzed data from 186 valid responses to an online survey(80 from fathers and 106 from mothers). The results showed that although the parents were aware of the school counselors, the latter’s specific working days and counseling methods were not well recognized. The parents expressed a high need for full-time school counselors in both elementary and junior high schools—but particularly in the latter—regardless of whether they had consulted with school counselors in the past. When asked if they themselves would like to consult with a school counselor when a problem arises, the parents confirmed their intention, especially with issues in the categories of “truancy” and “being a victim of bullying.” Notably, significant differences were found in such responses, with more mothers citing these categories than fathers. These findings can help with future efforts to improve the environment surrounding the utilization of school counselor services based on parents’ actual needs and realities.departmental bulletin pape
The effect of the training on site at the pastry shop on career choices─from “Internship” Lessons─
pdf本学は、インターンシップを基礎教育科目授業『インターンシップ』として学科単位で開講しており、製菓学科の当該授業は、進路選択のマッチングの機会として重点を置いている。授業の狙いは、学生たちが菓子、パンの製造現場での就労体験を通じて業界への理解を深め、職業に対して具体的なイメージを持ったうえで進路を検討できるようになることで、15回の学内授業と、1週間の製菓製造現場での研修によって構成されている。
「インターンシップの推進に当たっての基本的考え方(以下、「三省合意」と言う)」の令和4年6月改正が今年度から適用されるにあたり、この菓子製造現場でのインターンシップが、製菓教育機関の初年度学生の進路検討にどのような影響をもたらすのか、また、受け入れ先企業が本学学生をどのように評価しているのかについて、改めて検討すべきではないかと考えた。そこで、在学2年生と本学インターンシップ受け入れ先企業を対象にアンケート調査を実施し、在学生の主観的評価と、インターンシップ受け入れ先企業による客観的評価、2つの視点から調査を行った。
在学生の主観的評価と、インターンシップ受け入れ先企業による客観的評価は、項目別で比較しても大きな差異は見られなかったことから、学生の自己評価と企業による客観的評価は概ね一致しており、現在のインターンシップ授業の構成と指導方法は、製菓製造現場の研修準備として不足はなく、企業からもある程度支持されていると考えられる。しかしながら、菓子製造現場でのインターンシップが製菓教育機関で学ぶ初年度学生の進路検討にもたらす影響については、重視している進路選択のマッチングの機会として前向きな成果を示す結果は得られなかった。departmental bulletin pape
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Behavior and Lifestyle of Elderly People in Need of Care: A Survey on Behavioral Changes Among Day Service Users
pdf《目的》COVID-19の蔓延は我々の行動や生活に大きな変化を強いてきた。本研究は、COVID-19流行により要介護高齢者の行動や生活がどのように変化したのかを明らかにすることを目的とした。
《方法》デイサービスを利用している介護認定者の家族895名を対象とし、家族から見たデイサービス利用者のCOVID-19流行後の行動や生活に関する質問紙調査を実施した。
《結果》デイサービス、医療機関への受診を控えたものは4分の1程度であった。COVID-19罹患に対する恐怖心は女性で有意に恐怖心が強かったが、行動抑制度には男女差は認められなかった。より高齢で介護度が高いものほど行動を控える傾向にあった。
《結論》デイサービスを利用している要介護高齢者の多くがCOVID-19罹患に対して不安を抱き多くの行動を抑制していたことが明らかになった。今後のパンデミックに備えて、要介護高齢者の社会的サポート・プログラムの構築が必要性である。Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced significant changes in behavior and lifestyle. This study aims to elucidate changes in the behavior and lives of elderly people in need of care who use day services after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 895 family members of elderly people to gain their perspectives of such changes among day service users after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Results: Approximately 25% of the respondents reported decreases in day service use and medical visits. The fear of contracting COVID-19 was significantly stronger among women than men, although the study observed no gender differences in behavior suppression. Those who were older and reported higher levels of care needs tended to restrict their activities more.
Conclusion: The results revealed that many elderly people felt anxious about COVID-19 and suppressed many of their activities; thus, establishing a social support program for elderly people in preparation for future pandemics is necessary.departmental bulletin pape
An Analysis of the Purposes, Scenes, and Situations of the English Composition Tasks for the 2023 University Entrance Examination
pdfThis study analyzes the task settings in the English composition section of the 2023 Japanese university entrance examinations, focusing on the purpose, scene, and situation settings. Despite the increasing emphasis on communicative language teaching, only a small percentage (3.0%) of the 152 free composition tasks from 782 entrance exams incorporated clear settings for purposes, scenes, and situations. The majority of tasks (94.7%) were opinion essays without specified contexts, reflecting a tendency to assess the logical expression of personal opinions rather than situational language use. The findings suggest that while current exams predominantly feature opinion-based essays, future examinations aligned with the new course of study might incorporate more diverse genres and contextual settings to better evaluate practical language skills.departmental bulletin pape