1,206 research outputs found

    Global Pricing Strategy of the SPA Brand: Comparison with GDP and Big Mac Index

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    Due to the dramatic increase in consumers’ price sensitivity and growing importance for global retailers to create relevant price strategies, this study investigates the global pricing strategy of the main SPA brands such as ZARA, H&M and UNIQLO. Based on price information shown on official website, the study developed SPA brand index by using exchange rates in terms of US dollars and ratio of differences between the local price and the US price. These figures were compared with GDP per person data in order to analyze each brand’s price level against the income level. The study also compared SPA brand index with Big Mac index to identify the difference in price levels between the fast fashion market and the fast food market. ZARA and H&M were mostly targeting Middle East and Asia as a high-price market when considering index only. After taking the income level into account, however, Asia came out be the highest price market and Middle East was similar to the US market. On the other hand, UNIQLO targeted Asia as the lowest price market and the US and EU as the highest in terms of index only. But, Asia came out to be the highest price zone after considering the income level while the price of the US and EU was reasonable. Comparison with Big Mac Index indicated that most of Asia had a higher price level of the fashion market than the food market, whereas most European countries had a similar or high-price level of food market

    ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๊ต์œก์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ œ -๋ฒ ๋„ค์น˜์•„ ์นดํฌ์Šค์นด๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ- Current Status and Tasks of Korean Language Education in Italy -Focus on Caโ€™Foscari University of Venice-

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    This study aims to examine the current status and tasks of Korean language education in Italy, with a focus on Caโ€™Foscari University of Venice. Among the Italian universities that offer a Korean language major, Caโ€™Foscari University has shown the most growth, both qualitatively and quantitatively, in recent years. This study examines the current state of Caโ€™Foscari University and issues that need to be addressed, the most important being the establishment of masterโ€™s and doctorate programs that would allow Korean language majors to study the language in greater depth and help solve the problem of shortages of professional researchers. Caโ€™Foscari University is currently exerting great effort to open graduate programs for the Korean language, and expects to open a masterโ€™s program in the near future in the hope of further developing Korean language education in Italy

    Development Cooperation Decentralization by Local Government: A Comparative Study of Aid Policy in the United Kingdom and Germany [๊ตญ์ œ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ˜‘๋ ฅ์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ถ„๊ถŒํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๊ณ  : ์˜๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋…์ผ์˜ ์›์กฐ์ •์ฑ… ๋น„๊ต์—ฐ๊ตฌ]

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    This paper aims to discuss effectiveness and obstacles of development cooperation decentralization by employing a comparative case study of United Kingdom and Germany. With SDGs, international community has emphasized the importance of decentralization of development cooperaton, which means that the central governments admits roles and importance of local governments in aid activities, and allows decentralized approach by the local governments towards developing countries at the local level. Findings of this study have confirmed that decentralization can improve aid effectiveness in developing countries at the local level. At the same time, the German experience implies that we can minimize obstacles of decentralization in practice. This research suggests to conduct a further research on more case studies of decentralization so that we can contribute to development and advancement of decentralized approach of development cooperation in order to achieve development effectiveness both at the international level and local level. In the end, we expect that the results of the study, which employed a methodology of combining a theoretical approach into the policy cases, can contribute to the field of Area Studies as well as Development Studies

    ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ ์ธ์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ตญ์ œ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๊ตญ์ œํ•™๊ณผ(๊ตญ์ œ์ง€์—ญํ•™์ „๊ณต), 2021. 2. ์€๊ธฐ์ˆ˜.Italy turned 150 in 2011, but what are the aspects of Italian 150 years after its unity? Can we speak of a united Italy? What has been studied previously is that the Italian identity is extremely weak and characterized by elements such as individualism, disunity, and distrust. But does it also apply to Italians in Korea? Italians in Korea amount to a very small percentage the Italians registered with AIRE in January 2017 was only 498. This study thus seeks to understand the perception Italians living in South Korea have of Italian Identity and what elements can have a major role in performing Italian identity for them. The findings suggest that Italians in South Korea do share some commonalities in the perception of the Italian Identity, such as the fact Italians are an individualistic, disunited, and disillusioned population. Furthermore, the distrust for the government is a major sentiment. However, when Italians in Korea talk about their experience with Italian food in Korea, the findings revealed Italian food plays an extremely important role in the perception of Italian identity, as it is seen as the only positive symbol that reminds Italians in Korea of their roots with positivity.์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋Š” 2011๋…„์— 150์‚ด์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์ผ๋œ ์ง€ 150๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์–ด๋–ค ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ? ํ†ต์ผ๋œ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ? ์ด์ „์— ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์ธ์ฃผ์˜, ๋‹จํ•ฉ, ๋ถˆ์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ํŠน์ง•์ง€์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”๊ฐ€? 2017๋…„ 1์›” AIRE์— ๋“ฑ๋กํ•œ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ์€ 498๋ช…์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ค ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹์—์„œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ฃผ์˜๊ณ , ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ , ํ™˜๋ฉธ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ์ •๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ์‹ ์€ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์Œ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ, ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์Œ์‹์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒ์ง•์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.I. INTRODUCTION 1 1. RESERACH BACKGROUND 1 2. THE CREATION OF ITALIAN NATIONAL IDENTITY 2 3. ITALIANS AND ITALY 5 4. INDIVIDUALISM IN ITALY 7 5. ITALIANS, THE STATE AND POLITICS 10 6. DISUNITY OF ITALY 20 7. FOOD AND NATIONAL IDENTITY 23 II. RESEARCH SETTING AND METHODOLOGY 27 1. ITALIANS IN KOREA 27 2. RESEARCH QUESTION 27 3. METHODOLOGY 28 4. BACKGROUND OF INTERVIEWEES 31 III. ANALYSIS OF INTERVIEEWS 33 1. INDIVIDUALISM IN ITALY 33 2. ITALY AS A DISUNITED COUNTRY 42 3. AUTHENTIC ITALIAN FOOD TO PERFORM ITALIAN IDENTITY 46 4. ITALIAN DISILLUSION AND THE ROLE OF ITALIAN FOOD 56 IV. RESEARCH SUMMARY AND IMPLICATIONS 62 1. SUMMARY OF THE INTERVIEWS 62 2. IMPLICATIONS 65 3. LIMITATIONS 67 V. APPENDIX 68 VI. REFERENCES 73 VII. ๊ตญ๋ฌธ ์ดˆ๋ก 76 VIII. ACKNOLEDGMENT 77Maste

    ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฐ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ

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    Paradise

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    A comparative study on national innovation systems and performance of the biopharmaceutical industry

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ˜‘๋™๊ณผ์ • ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ฒฝ์˜ยท๊ฒฝ์ œยท์ •์ฑ…์ „๊ณต, 2017. 8. ๋ฐ•ํ•˜์˜.์ œ์•ฝ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋„์ž…์€ ์ˆ˜๋ ด ์ด๋ก ๊ณผ ์ œํ’ˆ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ก , ๊ธฐํšŒ์˜ ์ฐฝ ์ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ œ์•ฝ์‚ฐ์—… ํ›„๋ฐœ์ฃผ์ž ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐํšŒ๋กœ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด๋ก ๋“ค์€ ๊ณผํ•™, ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ํ˜์‹ ์—๋งŒ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ , ์‚ฐ์—… ์ธํ”„๋ผ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‚ฐ์—… ์ธํ”„๋ผ๊ฐ€ ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ œ์•ฝ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ํ›„๋ฐœ์ฃผ์ž ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด ๊ธฐํšŒ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—… ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ํ˜์‹ ์ฃผ์ฒด, ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ, ์‚ฐ์—… ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋„“๊ฒŒ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข๊ฒŒ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ผ๋ถ€์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋„์ถœ๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์›์ธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ์ฃผ์ฒด, ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ, ์‚ฐ์—… ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„, ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„ ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ์ฃผ์ฒด, ํ˜์‹ ์ฃผ์ฒด๋“ค๊ฐ„์˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ, ์‚ฐ์—… ์ธํ”„๋ผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ณผํ•™ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ, ํ˜์‹  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ, ์ œํ’ˆ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ, ์‚ฐ์—… ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋กœ, ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ œ์•ฝ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์™€ ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ, ๋ด๋งˆํฌ, ๋…์ผ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ, ๋ฒจ๊ธฐ์—, ์Šค์›จ๋ด, ์Šค์œ„์Šค, ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ, ์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ, ์˜๊ตญ, ์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„, ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„, ์ผ๋ณธ, ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ, ํด๋ž€๋“œ, ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค, ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ด 17๊ฐœ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์„œ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„์น˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ณ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„œ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„์น˜ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ณ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ๋กœ ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋Š” ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋กœ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„ ์š”์†Œ์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ๋กœ ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„ ์š”์†Œ์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ๋กœ ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์œ ํ˜•, ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ผ ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณ„๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ด ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ˜์‹ ์ฃผ์ฒด ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณด์™„๊ณผ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋‚ด์ˆ˜์‹œ์žฅ ๋ณด์™„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ ์ „๋žต์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.The introduction of biotechnology in the pharmaceutical industry has been known to provide new opportunities for latecomers based on the convergence theory, the product life cycle theory, and the window of opportunity theory. However, recent studies have argued that such theories merely focus on science, technology, and the concept of innovation, failing to consider the industrys unique infrastructure. Likewise, the assertion has been made that biotechnology do not offer novel chance for latecomers in the pharmaceutical industry, where infrastructures directly affect innovation performance. Such discrepancies of results are yielded from limitations that existing biopharmaceutical innovation system research only focused on specific actors, networks, and/or infrastructures of the system. Prior studies have also set the scope of performance to be either too broad or too narrow, at times focusing on just on certain stages of innovation performance. The inconsistency as well arose from the lack of statistical analysis that are conducted based on objective data. Thus, in this study, the biopharmaceutical innovation systems amongst different countries are first compared. Then, their innovation performances are statistically evaluated at each stage and by type categorization. In this paper, the innovation systems of biopharmaceutical industry is set to consist of actors, networks, and infrastructure, where innovation performance indicators are classified into scientific, innovation, product, and industry performance accordingly based on stages. Additionally, performance indicators were categorized into those in the pharmaceutical industry and those in the biopharmaceutical industry according to types. Data from total of 17 countries including Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, Portugal, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States were utilized for descriptive statistical analysis and multivariate analysis. Three major implications were drawn. First, there existed differences in the required elements of innovation system not only at each stage of the innovation performance in the biopharmaceutical industry. Second, there were differences in the elements of the innovation system required in the pharmaceutical industry and in the biopharmaceutical industry in the same stage of performance. Lastly, the elements of the innovation system used in the same type and stage of performance varied according to countries. The results of this study can be used to establish policies and strategies to enhance the innovation performance of countries and corporations.์ดˆ ๋ก iii ๋ชฉ ์ฐจ v ํ‘œ ๋ชฉ์ฐจ vi ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๋ชฉ์ฐจ vii 1. ์„œ๋ก  1 1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  3 2. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ 4 2.1 ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋น„๊ต ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 4 2.2 ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋น„๊ต ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 7 2.3 ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ํšจ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 11 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 14 3.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจํ˜• 14 3.2 ์ž๋ฃŒ 15 3.3 ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 20 4. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 32 4.1 ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณ„ ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„ ๋น„๊ต 32 4.2 ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณ„ ํ˜์‹ ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต 61 4.3 ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณ„ ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„์™€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ๋น„๊ต 74 5. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  84 ์ฐธ ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ ํ—Œ 87 ๋ถ€๋ก: ์ œ์•ฝ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„์™€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณ„ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ถ„์„ 92 Abstract 117Maste

    ๋„์‹œ๋ฌธํ™”์—์„œ์˜ ์ „ํ†ต๊ณผ ํ˜„๋Œ€

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    ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต๊ณผ ํ˜„๋Œ€๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ „ํ†ต์ด๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๊ฐˆ๋ฆผ๊ธธ์— ์„œ ์ฃผ์ถค๊ฑฐ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์—์„œ ์ง€๋‚œ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์ด๋ฏธ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ์ด ๋ฃจ๋ฉฐ ์ „ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ƒ, ๊ด€์Šต, ํ–‰๋™ ๋”ฐ์œ„์˜ ์–‘์‹์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต๊ณผ ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๏ผŒ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์ƒ(ๆ€ๆƒณ)์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ–์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ˜„๋Œ€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์‚ฌ์ „์  ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์  ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ๋‚ด์šฉ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ํ˜ผ์žฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํ˜„๋Œ€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์†์— ์˜ˆ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๋ฉฐ ์ „ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌดํ˜•์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋‚ด์žฌ๋˜์–ด ํ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฒˆ๋ฒˆ์ด ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ฐจ์ด๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „ํ†ต๊ณผ ํ˜„๋Œ€๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋œ ๋ณ„๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๋œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋„์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„๋Œ€์™€ ์ „ํ†ต์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์—ฐํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฏ ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋Œ€์  ์ฒ ํ•™๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์ƒ, ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ์–‘์‹์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•์ด๊ณ  ๋„์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ˜„๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฒƒ์—๋Š” ์—„์—ฐํžˆ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋งˆ๋ จ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ์ธ์ง€ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ฑท๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ์Šต์˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋‚ฏ์„ค๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ง„๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๋„์— ์ง€์–ด์ง„ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด๊ณ  ๋˜ ์ €๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๋„์— ์กฐ์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์•„! ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฌ๋‚˜๋ฉฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์  ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์•Œ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ๋‚ดํฌ๋œ ์‹œ๋Œ€์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ฐ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ๋‚ด์žฌ๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์™€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๊ธํ•  ๋ฟ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค

    ์ฐจ๋ฅผ๋ฆฌ๋…ธ ใ€Žํ™”์„ฑ ์ฒด๊ณ„ใ€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ -๊ฐ€์‚ฌ ๋ถ™์ด๊ธฐ ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ์ ์šฉ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ-

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์Œ์•…๊ณผ ์„ฑ์•…์ „๊ณต, 2015. 8. ์„œํ˜œ์—ฐ.๋ฅด๋„ค์ƒ์Šค ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ธ๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜ ์šด๋™์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์ž‘๊ณก๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์Œ์•…์ ์ธ ์š”์†Œ ์™ธ์— ํ…์ŠคํŠธ(๊ฐ€์‚ฌ)๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ, ์„ ์œจ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 16์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ์ž‘๊ณก๊ฐ€์ด๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋ก ๊ฐ€์ธ ์ฃ ์„ธํฌ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ๋ฆฌ๋…ธ(Gioseffo Zarlino, 1517-1590)๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์Œ์•…์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ทธ์˜ ์ €์„œ ใ€Žํ™”์„ฑ ์ฒด๊ณ„(Le Istitutioni Harmoniche)ใ€ 4์žฅ์—์„œ ์Œ์•…์— ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ผ ๋•Œ ์ง€์ผœ์•ผ ํ•  ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋“ค์„ ์—ด ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ทœ์น™๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์™€ ํ›„๋Œ€์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ํญ๋„“๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์ณค๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด ์—ด ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ํ•ด์„์— ์Œ์•…๊ฐ€๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ด๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์™€ ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๊ณต์กดํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์˜ˆ์™ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ธ€๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๊ทœ์น™๋“ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์Œ์•…๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์›๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ๋ฆฌ๋…ธ์˜ ์—ด ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด, ๊ตญ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋œ ํ•ด์„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ ๊ทœ์น™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ํ•ด์„ค๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ทœ์น™ ์ƒ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์‹œ๋Œ€์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ ๊ทœ์น™๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ด ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™ ์ด์™ธ์— ์•”๋ฌต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ผœ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ถ”๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ œ์•ˆํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทœ์น™์˜ ์™„์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‰ฌ์šด ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ทœ์น™์˜ ๋ถ„์„์—๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ๋งˆ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐˆ์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ˜„๋Œ€์‹ ์•…๋ณด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Œ์•…๊ฐ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ๋ฆฌ๋…ธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ ๋ถ™์ด๊ธฐ ๊ทœ์น™์˜ ํ˜„๋Œ€์  ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด, ๋ฅด๋„ค์ƒ์Šค ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์™€ ์Œ์•… ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ณ , ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์Œ์•…๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ ๋ถ™์ด๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์šด ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ทธ ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค.๋ชฉ ์ฐจ ์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ๋ฆฌ๋…ธ(Gioseffo Zarlino)์™€ ์‹œ๋Œ€์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜์˜ ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ๋ณธ๋ก  ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์‹œ์˜ ์šด๋ฌธ๋ฒ•(Versification) ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ ๋ถ™์ด๊ธฐ ์—ด ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™ 1. ๊ทœ์น™ 1 2. ๊ทœ์น™ 2 3. ๊ทœ์น™ 3 4. ๊ทœ์น™ 4 5. ๊ทœ์น™ 5 6. ๊ทœ์น™ 6 7. ๊ทœ์น™ 7 8. ๊ทœ์น™ 8 9. ๊ทœ์น™ 9 10. ๊ทœ์น™ 10 11. ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๊ทœ์น™ 12. ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋“ค ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ๋ฆฌ๋…ธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ ๋ถ™์ด๊ธฐ ๊ทœ์น™์˜ ์ ์šฉ 1. ์กฐ์Šค์บฅ ๋ฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ(Josquin des Prez) 2, ์•„๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•ˆ ๋นŒ๋ผ๋ฅดํŠธ(Adrian Willaert) 3. ์น˜ํ”„๋ฆฌ์•„๋…ธ ๋ฐ ๋กœ๋ ˆ(Cipriano de Rore) 4. ๋ฃจ์นด ๋งˆ๋ Œ์ฐŒ์˜ค(Luca Marenzio) 5. ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋””์˜ค ๋ชฌํ…Œ๋ฒ ๋ฅด๋””(Claudio Monteverdi) ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ์ฐธ ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ ํ—Œ AbstractDocto
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