Isolation and Identification of Secondary Metabolites from Halophytic Helianthustuberosus Tuber-Derived Fungus

盐生植物菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus)是一种新型经济作物,特殊生境可能会使其内生真菌产生特殊的次生代谢产物,如结构新颖或活性显著的化合物.为研究这种耐盐植物内生真菌的次生代谢产物以及植物宿主和内生真菌之间可能存在的关系,本实验室从耐盐菊芋块茎中分离纯化出10株内生真菌,对这10株内生真菌进行抗卤虫活性筛选,初步筛选出1株抗卤虫活性良好的菌株Mucor sp.ht-7,规模发酵后通过提取分离技术得到7个化合物,用波谱手段鉴定了7个化合物的结构,对这株内生真菌和宿主次生代谢产物之间的关系进行分析探讨,并对化合物生物活性加以分析

根霉3078的代谢产物的研究

从根霉 30 78菌丝体的甲醇提取物中分离得到 9个化合物 ,通过波谱分析 ,鉴定为 5α,8α 表二氧 (2 0S ,2 2E ,2 4R) 麦角甾 6 ,2 2 二烯 3β 醇 (1)、甘油醇 1 单油酸酯 (2 )、4 羟基苯乙酮 (3)、4 羟基苯乙酸 (4 )、(2 0S ,2 2E ,2 4R) 麦角甾 7,2 2 二烯 3β ,5α ,6 β 三醇 (5 )、(S) 3 羟基 3 苯基丙酸 (6 )、胸腺嘧啶 (7)、尿嘧啶(8)和腺苷 (9

Effects of difenoconazole on reproductive ability and lipids metabolism of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma)

苯醚甲环唑（Difenoconazole）是一种三唑类农药，广泛用于水稻、蔬菜等农作物用于防治真菌类感染。苯醚甲环唑对海洋鱼类的毒性报道很少。采用环境浓度的苯醚甲环唑（0、1、10、100和1000ng/L）暴露黑点青鳉180天。探究苯醚甲环唑对黑点青鳉（Oryziasmelastigma）生殖和脂类代谢的影响。 苯醚甲环唑暴露导致雄性黑点青鳉性体比下降，并在1000ng/L组出现差异。苯醚甲环唑处理组的精子数目减少以及精原细胞和精母细胞数量增加。脑中促性腺素释放激素（sGnRH）、促黄体激素（LHβ）和促卵泡激素（FSHβ）mRNA的表达量在所有的处理组都呈现显著下降。精巢中的雄激素受体（...Difenoconazole is one of the most widely used triazole fungicides in the aquaticenvironment. However, effects of difenoconazole on marine fish of reproductive and lipid metabolism have not been adequately researched. In the present work, marine medaka were exposed to difenoconazole at environmental concentrations (0, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 ng/L) for 180 days. The effects on reproductive and lipid met...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院_动物学学号：2162012115229

Effect of Volatile Compounds from Bacillus subtilis PW2 against Aspergillus ochraceus

The composition of antifungal volatile compounds (VC) produced by Bacillus subtilis PW2 was identified by solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Then, the identified single components were selected to determine their inhibitory effect against Aspergillus ochraceus by plate buckling method, and the effect and mechanism of the most active VC on the growth and toxicity of A. ochraceu. The results showed that 41 components including esters, aldehydes, alkanes, alcohols, ketones, acids and olefins were identified in the VC produced by PW2. Among these compounds, 2-ethyl hexanol (2-EH) had the strongest inhibitory activity against A. ochraceus. Direct contact with 2-EH at a dose of 1 562.5 μL/L completely inhibited the growth of A. ochraceus and reduced the content of ochratoxin A (OTA) by 23.67%. 2-EH vapor at doses of 112 and 281 μL/L completely inhibited and killed A. ochraceus, respectively. The spores of A. ochraceus treated with 2-EH appeared wrinkled, sunken and shriveled, and the integrity of the cell membrane was destroyed. Furthermore, the mycelial ergosterol content decreased by 42.68%–65.40%, and nucleic acid and protein leaked out of the cells after this treatment. This study shows that 2-EH can inhibit and kill A. ochraceus by destroying its cell membrane, which provides a theoretical basis for the application of 2-EH in the prevention of food mildew

Advances in the Antifungal Effects of Plant Essential Oils

Foods, agricultural by-products and medicinal plants are often contaminated by pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins. Pathogenic fungi not only lead to food deterioration, but also harm people’s health. The commonly used methods for detoxification include physical, chemical and biological methods. A large number of studies have shown that natural plant essential oils inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi and the accumulation of mycotoxins and have good biodegradability, making them a promising environmental-friendly alternative to traditional synthetic fungicides. In this review, the classification and harm of common pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins, as well as the antifungal components and mechanisms of plant essential oils are introduced, and recent progress on plant essential oils in the control of pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins is summarized. This review provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of plant essential oils

Studies on the Secondary Metabolites of a Deep Sea Derived Fungus Aspergillus versicolor

近几年来，随着人类对海洋生态系统的不断研究，海洋微生物--一种新型的抗肿瘤药物研究对象逐渐进入人们的视线。海洋微生物分布广，数量多，其次生代谢产物表现出十分广泛的生物学活性，包括抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗菌、免疫抑制等。深海真菌由于处于高压、低温（部分区域为高温如热液口）、厌氧、极端pH梯度、高盐浓度、高金属浓度、无光照、寡营养、高卤素等特殊极端环境中，决定了其具有一些特异性的代谢途径和遗传背景，导致深海真菌的次生代谢产物具有化学结构奇特、新颖，生物活性多样等特点，这类次生代谢产物是寻找新型肿瘤药物的重要源泉。 本论文中，选取从东太平洋三千米左右的深海沉积物中分离鉴定得到的一株具有细胞毒活性的曲霉菌...In recent years, with the constant research on the marine ecosystem, Marine microorganisms－a new object of study about anticancer drug is gradually coming into sight. Marine microorganisms are widely distributed and have a great quantity, its natural products put up a great extensive bioactivities, such as anti-tumor, antivirus, antibiosis, immune suppression and so on. Because of the particular e...学位：理学硕士院系专业：药学院_药物化学学号：2452009115305

Effects on Physicochemical and Dissolution Characteristics of Lentinus edodes Stem Powder by Jet Milling

In order to increase the utilization rate of shiitake mushroom by-products, the shiitake mushroom stem was crushed after superfine grinding with a jet mill, with coarse powder and 40 mesh powder as the control. The effect of jet milling on the physicochemical properties of shiitake mushroom stem powder and the dissolution amount of functional components represented by ergosterol and polysaccharides were studied. The cumulative dissolution rate of ergosterol and polysaccharides was fitted by the Weibull model. The results showed that after superfine grinding by jet milling, the average particle size (D50) of powder decreased to 3.21 μm, bulk density, tap density and L* value increased from 0.15 g/mL to 0.25 g/mL, 0.23 g/mL to 0.42 g/mL, 65.31 to 73.49, respectively. The superfine powder fluidity, water holding capacity and swelling capacity were significantly enhanced (P<0.05). The cumulative dissolution 50% of the time (T50) of ergosterol and polysaccharide in superfine powder was reduced by 2.56 min and 8.14 min, respectively, compared with coarse powder. And cumulative dissolution rate at 45 min (Q45) increased by 10.88% and 19.15%, respectively. The powder properties and the dissolution rate of the functional ingredients were improved, after the jet milling to treat the shiitake mushroom stem, which was conducive to the comprehensive utilization of shiitake mushroom by-products

Research on the Stability of Pickering Emulsion and Its Application in Food Field

Pickering emulsions is a new emulsions system formed by replacing traditional emulsifiers with solid particles, which has some advantages such as strong stability, environmentally-friendly, high safety and so on. It has been highly favored in the fields of food, cosmetics, chemical materials and biomedicine. Based on the stability mechanism of Pickering emulsions, this review mainly discusses relevant factors affecting its stability from six aspects, including the type of solid particles, shape of solid particles, concentration of solid particles, surface charge of aqueous phase, volume fraction of oil-water phase and the wettability. Meanwhile, the achievements of domestic and overseas on Pickering emulsions are also summarized, including preparing the intelligent food films, preventing the lipid oxidation, delivering the bioactive substances, synthesizing the molecularly imprinted polymers, achieving biphasic catalysis, and constructing 4D printed food raw materials in recent years. This paper aims to provide theoretical basis and technical support to a certain extent for the diversified development of food industry and other related fields

ZOLMITRIPTAN,A NEW ANTIMIGRAINE DRUG

综述了佐米曲坦的合成、药代动力学、临床疗效、不良反应及药物相互作用。The synthesis,pharmacodynamics,pharmacokinetics,ADRs,and drug interactions of zolmitriptan were reviewed

Review of sea anemones compound and bioactivity

海葵(sea anemone)又名海菊花,多指腔肠动物门(Coelenterata)珊瑚虫纲(Anthozoa)海葵目(actiniaria)动物。海葵一般分为爱氏海葵科、链索海葵科、细指海葵科、投海葵科、固边海葵科和绿海葵科等6科37种[1]。海葵体型大多呈圆筒状,触手以辐射对称状在口周围形成数轮,广泛分布在热带和温热带海域,主要固着在海中岩石上或泥沙中。我国海域均有分布