595,081 research outputs found
Reverse Doppler effect in backward spin waves scattered on acoustic waves
We report on the observation of reverse Doppler effect in backward spin waves
reflected off of surface acoustic waves. The spin waves are excited in a
yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film. Simultaneously, acoustic waves are also
generated. The strain induced by the acoustic waves in the magnetostrictive YIG
film results in the periodic modulation of the magnetic anisotropy in the film.
Thus, in effect, a travelling Bragg grating for the spin waves is produced. The
backward spin waves reflecting off of this grating exhibit a reverse Doppler
shift: shifting down rather than up in frequency when reflecting off of an
approaching acoustic wave. Similarly, the spin waves are shifted up in
frequency when reflecting from receding acoustic waves.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Equilibrium and off-equilibrium simulations of chiral-glass order in three-dimensional Heisenberg spin glasses
Spin-glass and chiral-glass orderings in three-dimensional Heisenberg spin
glasses are studied both by equilibrium and off-equilibrium Monte Carlo
simulations. Fully isotropic model is found to exhibit a finite-temperature
chiral-glass transition without the conventional spin-glass order. Although
chirality is an Ising-like quantity from symmetry, universality class of the
chiral-glass transition appears to be different from that of the standard Ising
spin glass. In the off-equilibrium simulation, while the spin autocorrelation
exhibits only an interrupted aging, the chirality autocorrelation persists to
exhibit a pronounced aging effect reminisecnt of the one observed in the
mean-field model. Effects of random magnetic anisotropy is also studied by the
off-equilibrium simulation, in which asymptotic mixing of the spin and the
chirality is observed.Comment: 15 pages including 8 figures, plain Tex, to appear in Computer
Simulation Studies in Condensed Matter Physics XI, Springer, 199
Two-Nucleon Scattering without partial waves using a momentum space Argonne V18 interaction
We test the operator form of the Fourier transform of the Argonne V18
potential by computing selected scattering observables and all Wolfenstein
parameters for a variety of energies. These are compared to the GW-DAC database
and to partial wave calculations. We represent the interaction and transition
operators as expansions in a spin-momentum basis. In this representation the
Lippmann-Schwinger equation becomes a six channel integral equation in two
variables. Our calculations use different numbers of spin-momentum basis
elements to represent the on- and off-shell transition operators. This is
because different numbers of independent spin-momentum basis elements are
required to expand the on- and off-shell transition operators. The choice of on
and off-shell spin-momentum basis elements is made so that the coefficients of
the on-shell spin-momentum basis vectors are simply related to the
corresponding off-shell coefficients.Comment: 14 pages, 8 Figures, typos correcte
Repeating Routines? How transfer and inheritance to corporate spin-offs varies among gestation contexts
In economic geography literature the attention for spin‐off entrepreneurship has been steadily growing. Its main driver is that spin-off firms are said to have intrinsic advantages over other start-ups because of their embedded link to a parent company. Through this embedded link spin-off firms have a relatively ââ¬Ëeasyââ¬â¢ access to resources for production which has several interesting implications on both the firm and the regional level. At the firm level, spin-off firms seem to outperform other entrants on at least some aspects of success including employment growth and survival chances. At the regional level, they may play a key role in the development of clusters. Despite the increasing number of studies addressing the effects of spin-off processes, important issues remain unresolved. Most importantly, there is still work to be done in identifying what it is that spin-off entrepreneurs take with them from their previous employer and how this affects their innovative behavior, business strategies and performance; and ultimately their alleged contribution to regional economic development. This has been acknowledged before: ââ¬Åââ¬Â¦ we know little about how conversion [between knowledge and technology commercialization] actually occurs, even though knowledge conversion is at the core of what spin‐offs doââ¬Â¦Ã¢â¬ (Zahra et al., 2007: 570). Based on a review of recent spin-off studies, this paper draws on key inheritance mechanisms in an attempt to develop a new conceptualization of explanations of spin-off effects. Following Koster (2006), initially a distinction will be made between direct resource transfers between parent and spin‐off (providing accommodation or guaranteed turnover) and indirect transfers (spin‐off entrepreneurs capitalizing on previously gained skills). We explore the concept of indirect transfers further in differentiating between personal skills of spin-off entrepreneurs gained while working in the parent organization on the one hand, and the inheritance of specific features of the parental organization, in particular its organizational characteristics and strategies. This closely fits in with the evolutionary economics vocabulary, especially with Nelson and Wintersââ¬â¢ (1982) famous DNA metaphor: the knowledge and routines of firms (their ââ¬ËDNAââ¬â¢) are partially inherited by their spin‐offs (Boschma et al., 2002).
Suppression of Ground-State Magnetization in Finite-Sized Systems Due to Off-Diagonal Interaction Fluctuations
We study a generic model of interacting fermions in a finite-sized disordered
system. We show that the off-diagonal interaction matrix elements induce
density of states fluctuations which generically favor a minimum spin ground
state at large interaction amplitude, . This effect competes with the
exchange effect which favors large magnetization at large , and it
suppresses this exchange magnetization in a large parameter range. When
off-diagonal fluctuations dominate, the model predicts a spin gap which is
larger for odd-spin ground states as for even-spin, suggesting a simple
experimental signature of this off-diagonal effect in Coulomb blockade
transport measurements.Comment: Final, substantially modified version of the article. Accepted for
publication in Physical Review Letter
Effects of in-chain and off-chain substitutions on spin fluctuations in the spin-Peierls compound CuGeO_3
The effect of in-chain and off-chain substitutions on 1D spin fluctuations in
the spin-Peierls compound CuGeO_3 has been studied using Raman scattering in
order to understand the interplay between defect induced states, enhanced
spin-spin correlations and the ground state of low dimensional systems.
In-chain and off-chain substitutions quench the spin-Peierls state and induce
3D antiferromagnetic order at T\leq 5 K. Consequently a suppression of a 1D
gap-induced mode as well as a constant intensity of a spinon continuum are
observed at low temperatures. A 3D two-magnon density of states now gradually
extends to higher temperatures T\leq 60K compared with pure CuGeO_3. This
effect is more pronounced in the case of off-chain substitutions (Si) for which
a N\'eel state occurs over a larger substitution range, starting at very low
concentrations. Besides, additional low energy excitations are induced. These
effects, i.e. the shift of a dimensional crossover to higher temperatures are
due to an enhancement of the spin-spin correlations induced by a small amount
of substitutions. The results are compared with recent Monte Carlo studies on
substituted spin ladders, pointing to a similar instability of coupled,
dimerized spin chains and spin ladders upon substitution.Comment: 14 pages, 6 eps figures, to be published in PR
Maximizing Spin Correlations in Top Quark Pair Production at the Tevatron
A comparison is made between the off-diagonal and helicity spin bases for top
quark pair production at the FNAL Tevatron. In the off-diagonal basis, 92% of
the top quark pairs are in the spin configuration up-down plus down-up, whereas
in the helicity basis only 70% are left-right plus right-left. The off-diagonal
basis maximizes the spin asymmetry and hence the measured angular correlations
between the decay products, which are more than twice as big in this basis as
compared to the helicity basis. In addition, for the process q qbar --> t tbar,
we give a very simple analytic expression for the matrix element squared which
includes all spin correlations between the production and subsequent decay of
the top quarks.Comment: 15 pages, revtex. 4 Postscript figures (included
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