Predictive physiological anticipatory activity preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: An update of Mossbridge et al\u2019s meta-analysis

Background: This is an update of the Mossbridge et al\u2019s meta-analysis related to the physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli which overall effect size was 0.21; 95% Confidence Intervals: 0.13 - 0.29 Methods: Nineteen new peer and non-peer reviewed studies completed from January 2008 to June 2018 were retrieved describing a total of 27 experiments and 36 associated effect sizes. Results: The overall weighted effect size, estimated with a frequentist multilevel random model, was: 0.28; 95% Confidence Intervals: 0.18-0.38; the overall weighted effect size, estimated with a multilevel Bayesian model, was: 0.28; 95% Credible Intervals: 0.18-0.38. The weighted mean estimate of the effect size of peer reviewed studies was higher than that of non-peer reviewed studies, but with overlapped confidence intervals: Peer reviewed: 0.36; 95% Confidence Intervals: 0.26-0.47; Non-Peer reviewed: 0.22; 95% Confidence Intervals: 0.05-0.39. Similarly, the weighted mean estimate of the effect size of Preregistered studies was higher than that of Non-Preregistered studies: Preregistered: 0.31; 95% Confidence Intervals: 0.18-0.45; No-Preregistered: 0.24; 95% Confidence Intervals: 0.08-0.41. The statistical estimation of the publication bias by using the Copas selection model suggest that the main findings are not contaminated by publication bias. Conclusions: In summary, with this update, the main findings reported in Mossbridge et al\u2019s meta-analysis, are confirmed

Peer Review of Teaching Project: Overview Newsletter

The Peer Review of Teaching Project (PRTP) is a UNL campus program that supports teams of faculty in making visible the serious intellectual work of teaching. Begun in 1994, the project uses the same process one would use to explore a research question by having faculty inquire, analyze, and document their teaching practices and the resulting student learning and then make these results accessible for use, review, and assessment by one’s peers. The project consists of a first-year fellowship program and an advanced scholar program. Specific faculty outcomes from participating in the project include: (1) Reflecting upon, developing, and writing a course portfolio about one of their courses, (2) Identifying common teaching and curricular issues across academic disciplines, (3) Becoming skilled as a reviewer of a course portfolio (and other teaching materials), (4) Discussing the challenges in teaching and addressing the needs of diverse student learners, (5) Developing a common vocabulary for assessing the intellectual work of teaching, (6) Being nurtured to become a leader in creating and advocating campus teaching policies

Peer Review of Teaching Project: Overview Newsletter

The Peer Review of Teaching Project (PRTP) is a UNL campus program that supports teams of faculty in making visible the serious intellectual work of teaching. Begun in 1994, the project uses the same process one would use to explore a research question by having faculty inquire, analyze, and document their teaching practices and the resulting student learning and then make these results accessible for use, review, and assessment by one’s peers. The project consists of a first-year fellowship program and an advanced scholar program. Specific faculty outcomes from participating in the project include: (1) Reflecting upon, developing, and writing a course portfolio about one of their courses, (2) Identifying common teaching and curricular issues across academic disciplines, (3) Becoming skilled as a reviewer of a course portfolio (and other teaching materials), (4) Discussing the challenges in teaching and addressing the needs of diverse student learners, (5) Developing a common vocabulary for assessing the intellectual work of teaching, (6) Being nurtured to become a leader in creating and advocating campus teaching policies

Applying to vascular specialty training in the UK: 12 tips for success

From preparation to accomplishment, maximise your chances of a career in vascular surgery

Vulnerability of emergency surgery to the working conditions of new doctors

About 30–40% of emergency patients undergo surgery, which has an increased risk of serious complications and death.1 Despite this, newly qualified doctors are often responsible for reviewing patients who present themselves at emergency.2 Up to 90% of patient mortality within 48 hours of admission happens in emergencies3 and this high-risk group can comprise up to 80% of postoperative mortality.4 Staffing and workload issues in emergency departments have been implicated,1 which makes organisational support for new doctors something that is pivotal to the process, although precisely what counts as sufficient staffing in hospitals is under discussion.5 Studies have highlighted the importance of adequate clinical supervision,6 with one study showing that the presence of a consultant is associated with better outcomes after emergency surgery.7 The problem is that consultants in emergency departments are often overloaded with demands. Their workload can average 101 different tasks per hour and two-fifths of their time can be spent communicating with others.8 There is also a serious under-representation of senior doctors whose expertise is emergency surgery1,4 as well as underfunding of research into emergency surgery.9 Emergency surgery is a field of medicine that requires a very high level of expertise to guide urgent decision-making, putting new doctors at risk of delayed or erroneous decision-making. Patients typically arrive with external trauma, acute diseases that are life-threatening or internal bleeding/rupture.10,11 Delays of diagnosis or investigation can therefore be lethal. Some hospitals have put measures in place to address the staffing and organisational process problems, and research has shown that these successfully reduce emergency patient mortality.2 However, there remains concerning variation across hospitals in the standards of emergency surgery care;12 for example, across 35 hospitals, patient mortality after an emergency laparotomy can range from 3.6% to 41.7%.4 As a step towards explaining these organisational differences and identifying a realistic solution, this study examined the interaction of new doctors’ working conditions with surgical and emergency contexts

Antimicrobial resistance of three common molecularly identified pathogenic bacteria to Allium aqueous extracts

Articulo principal de estudiante de doctoradoThe aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro bacterial inhibition of different types of garlic on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. The bacterial strains were molecularly identified using gen 16S rDNA molecular identification. Four different types of garlics were used: 1) white, 2) Japanese, 3) elephant and 3) black, and these were evaluated at two different concentrations (0.25 and 0.125 g/mL) per garlic type. Bioactive compounds present in the garlics were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV), and total polyphenols were quantified by the Folin-Ciocalteu technique. The Kirby-Bauber method was used for the bacterial evaluation. Aqueous extract of black garlic had the highest amount of polyphenols 6.26 ± 0.21 mg GAE/mL. The area of inhibition was measured and classified as sensitive, intermediate or resistant. Using the disc diffusion assay, higher concentration (0.25 g/mL) of aqueous extract of white garlic had the highest antibacterial activity area, with 21.46 ± 3.94 mm for L. monocytogenes, 20.61 ± 2.47 mm for S. aureus and 17.83 ± 2.21 mm for E. coli. White garlic had comparable antimicrobial activity as the control (tetracycline at 30 μg) as indicated by the size of the inhibition halos. Based on your results, white garlic can be used as an alternative to synthetic antimicrobials.SIyE

Number of foetus in pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti Qa2 and given mild regular exercise: endothelial dysfunction animal model to induce preeclampsia

Preeclampsia community guidline (PRECOG) defined preeclampsia as a condition which was identified by the diastol blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg and proteinuria in ≥ 20 weeks of pregnant. Basic mechanism of preeclampsia was endothelial dysfunction. One of preeclampsia's impacts was intra uterine fetal death. It could be signed by less number of foetus. One of ways to prevent preeclampsia's process was mild regular exercise. This research's goal was analyzing the effect of mild regular exercise to number of foetus in pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti QA2 as endothelial dysfunction animal model to induce preeclampsia. The design was experimental. It used 6 Mus musculus/group. The groups were control (normal pregnant/K1), pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti QA2 (endithelial dysfunction model/K2), pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti QA2 and given mild regular exercise since early pregnant (K3), and pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti QA2 and given mild regular exercise since 1 week before pregnant (K4). Statistical analyze used Kruskal Wallis Test (α=0,05). It showed there was no significant different of foetus' number among all groups. The conclussion was there was no effect of mild regular exercise to number of foetus in pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti QA2 as endothelial dysfunction animal model to induce preeclampsia

Development of pediatric neurosurgical service at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Purpose This review traces the history of pediatric neurosurgery at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital (DSGH) and its role in advancing the field of pediatric neurosurgery. Methods The history, the founding fathers, and the next generations of the pediatric neurosurgery in DSGH were traced back from original sources and authors’ life stories. Result Pediatric neurosurgical service at DSGH has its own unique perspective being a pediatric service in general hospital setting. It serves second largest city of Indonesia - the fifth most populated country in the world. Historical vignette and future perspectives are narratively presented. Conclusion As a pediatric neurosurgical service at general hospital in developing country, its development deserves a special mention

Voices from the Ground Up: Transfer of Learning within the Context of Research and Study Activities

A mid-sized university library system conducted a large scale mixed-methods research project intended to better understand the student library experience and ways to enhance it. One aspect of the project included a detailed and iterative analysis of interview data that yielded emerging patterns of behavior related to research and study activities. Using a grounded theory approach, a qualitative methodology that uses empirical data to generate theory, the researchers developed a construct that some research and study activities are mutually informative and are likely manifested through the process of transfer of learning. The article describes the approach used to develop the construct in hopes that it will provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between research and studying phenomenon and how academic libraries contribute to the greater academic landscape in ways not previously recognized