Temporal and spatial variations in lice numbers on salmon farms in the Hardanger fjord 2004-06

The long and narrow Hardanger fjord in western Norway has a high density of salmon farms and has had severe salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, problems. In the years 2004-06, salmon lice numbers were recorded in selected salmon farms in the fjord as part of a larger research project. Most farm sites participated in a strategic control programme and were deloused between November and January in each year. The aim of the programme was to achieve a mean abundance of <0.3 adult female lice at this time and to minimize the infection pressure on wild smolts in the spring. Dedicated teams carried out detailed counting of lice on farmed fish in April-September each year. Temperature conditions were fairly similar throughout the fjord and amongst years, but wide variations in salinities were observed. The two innermost zones, B and C, had the lowest lice mean abundances, whereas the outermost zones, D and E, consistently had more lice. General linear model analyses showed that differences in adult female lice abundance between the zones were associated with differing levels of salinity and emamectin benzoate treatments strategically administered. Mean fish weight was significantly positively correlated with mean abundance of adult female lice

The use of prevalence as a measure of lice burden: a case study of Lepeophtheirus salmonis on Scottish Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., farms

This study investigates the benefits of using prevalence as a summary measure of sea lice infestation on farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. Aspects such as sampling effort, the relationship between abundance and prevalence arising from the negative binomial distribution, and how this relationship can be used to indicate the degree of aggregation of lice on a site at a given time point are discussed. As a case study, data were drawn from over 50 commercial Atlantic salmon farms on the west coast of Scotland between 2002 and 2006. Descriptive statistics and formal analysis using a linear modelling technique identified significant variations in sea lice prevalence across year class, region and season. Supporting evidence of a functional relationship between prevalence and abundance of sea lice is provided, which is explained through the negative binomial distribution

New host records of chewing lice (Mallophaga) on birds in Florida 3

Here, I report some new county and Florida host records as well as two new U.S. host records for avian lice. County records for avian lice are less significant than the host records themselves. Considering that most avian lice are host specific, the county records should resemble the area the host would most likely be encountered. The main source of material for this publication has been the Marathon Wildlife Rehabilitation Center in Marathon, Monroe County, Florida, with Kelly Grinter as the official curator and keeper. The center takes in about 90 different species of birds per year. The following is a list of the avian lice species, hosts, and localities with collection dates. All of the following specimens were collected by the author, Kelly Grinter, or Leslie Straub. Representatives of all records below are deposited in the Florida State Collection of Arthropods and/or the author’s collection

Lice, Mites, and Ticks of Southeastern Wisconsin Mammals

Seventeen species of southeastern Wisconsin mammals were found to 6e infected with arthropod ectoparasites other than fleas. One host species was infested with one species of biting lice (Mallophaga), five with five species of sucking lice (Anoplura), ten with at least 16 species of mites (Acari) and nine with six species of hard ticks (Ixodidae). Many new state and/or host records are reported. Host specificity was very pronounced in lice but less marked in ticks and mites particularly in the more common species, ex. Androlaelaps fahrenholzi (Berlese) and Ixodes cookei Packard, respectively

PERANCANGAN BUKU ILUSTRASI DASAR-DASAR AKSARA JAWA UNTUK REMAJA

Onny Rananta Lice, 2013. Pengantar karya Tugas Akhir ini berjudul Perancangan Buku Ilustrasi Dasar-Dasar Aksara Jawa untuk Remaja. Adapun permasalahan yang dikaji adalah Bagaimana merancang buku ilustrasi dasar-dasar Aksara Jawa yang sederhana, komunikatif, dan menyenangkan sehingga dapat membuat remaja menyukai Aksara Jawa. Aksara Jawa adalah aset yang otentik sebagai citra diri di persaingan global, Selama ini pemerintah kota Surakarta sudah memperkenalkan Aksara Jawa secara keilmuan kepada remaja sejak SD dan lewat pemakaian Aksara Jawa pada plang-plang nama jalan dan nama tempat umum, namun belum mampu secara khusus menarik perhatian remaja untuk lebih menyukainya sebagai bagian dari budaya yang bisa mewakili citra diri mereka. Sangat disayangkan jika remaja lebih memilih bersusah payah belajar budaya aksara asing untuk citra diri mereka. Mengingat Hal tersebut maka dibuatlah media informasi guna mengkomunikasikan potensi tersebut. Media komunikasi visual yang memperkenalkan Aksara Jawa kepada remaja dengan lebih santai dan kontenporer sesuai dengan keadaan mereka sehingga mudah diterima, sehingga mereka mengerti bahwa sesuatu yang bersifat tradisional tidak harus selalu berwarna tradisional dan kaku, bisa juga dengan visual yang lebih kontemporer

New county records of chewing lice (Mallophaga) on birds in Florida

County records for avian lice are less significant than the host records themselves. Considering that most avian lice are host specific, the county records should resemble the area the host would most likely be encountered. Nonetheless, the list cited in Forrester and Spalding (2003) contains few and spotty county records. The main source of material for this publication has been the Marathon Wildlife Rehabilitation Center in Marathon, Monroe Co., Florida. The center takes in specimens of about 90 species of birds per year. The following is a list of the avian lice species, hosts, and localities with collection dates. All specimens were collected by Kelly Grinter, Leslie Straub, or the author. Representative specimens are deposited in the Florida State Collection of Arthropods and/or the author\u27s collection

Of lice and math: using models to understand and control populations of head lice

In this paper we use detailed data about the biology of the head louse (pediculus humanus capitis) to build a model of the evolution of head lice colonies. Using theory and computer simulations, we show that the model can be used to assess the impact of the various strategies usually applied to eradicate head lice, both conscious (treatments) and unconscious (grooming). In the case of treatments, we study the difference in performance that arises when they are applied in systematic and non-systematic ways. Using some reasonable simplifying assumptions (as random mixing of human groups and the same mobility for all life stages of head lice other than eggs) we model the contagion of pediculosis using only one additional parameter. It is shown that this parameter can be tuned to obtain collective infestations whose variables are compatible with what is given in the literature on real infestations. We analyze two scenarios: one where group members begin treatment when a similar number of lice are present in each head, and another where there is one individual who starts treatment with a much larger threshold ('superspreader'). For both cases we assess the impact of several collective strategies of treatment.Comment: manuscript of 23 pages and 13 figures, also a supporting file of 13 pages and 13 figure

A study of the management of head lice by paediatricians in Malta

Head lice infestation is a condition found in every country in the world about which it is important to have proper education and awareness. This study aimed to examine the treatment of head lice and the education given to the patient and their parents from the paediatrician’s point of view. A questionnaire consisting of multiple choice questions and a covering letter was sent by post to all the paediatricians that were registered in Malta’s specialist register as of May 2014. Guidelines from the UK and America were used to draw up this questionnaire.peer-reviewe

Beef cattle lice control (1993)

Two types of lice may be found on cattle in Missouri: Chewing lice and Sucking lice. This article discusses types of applied lice control, the application methods and restrictions

Changes in epidemiological patterns of sea lice infestation on farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in Scotland between 1996 and 2006

Analyses of a unique database containing sea lice records over an 11 year period provide evidence of changing infestation patterns in Scotland. The data, collected from more than 50 commercial Atlantic salmon farms, indicate that both species of sea lice commonly found in Scotland, Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus, have declined on farms over the past decade. Reductions for both species have been particularly marked since 2001 when more effective veterinary medicines became available. Treatment data were also available in the database and these show a growing trend towards the use of the in feed medication emamectin benzoate (Slice), particularly in the first year of the salmon production cycle. However, this trend to wards single product use has not been sustained in 2006, the latest year for which data are available. There is some evidence of region to region variation within Scotland with the Western Isles experiencing higher levels of infestation. However, compared to the levels observed between 1996 and 2000, all regions have benefited from reduced lice infestation, with the overall pattern showing a particular reduction in the second and third quarters of the second year of production