65,745 research outputs found
A variational approach for continuous supply chain networks
We consider a continuous supply chain network consisting of buffering queues and processors first proposed by [D. Armbruster, P. Degond, and C. Ringhofer, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 66 (2006), pp. 896–920] and subsequently analyzed by [D. Armbruster, P. Degond, and C. Ringhofer, Bull. Inst. Math. Acad. Sin. (N.S.), 2 (2007), pp. 433–460] and [D. Armbruster, C. De Beer, M. Fre- itag, T. Jagalski, and C. Ringhofer, Phys. A, 363 (2006), pp. 104–114]. A model was proposed for such a network by [S. G ̈ottlich, M. Herty, and A. Klar, Commun. Math. Sci., 3 (2005), pp. 545–559] using a system of coupling ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations. In this article, we propose an alternative approach based on a variational method to formulate the network dynamics. We also derive, based on the variational method, a computational algorithm that guarantees numerical stability, allows for rigorous error estimates, and facilitates efficient computations. A class of network flow optimization problems are formulated as mixed integer programs (MIPs). The proposed numerical algorithm and the corresponding MIP are compared theoretically and numerically with existing ones [A. Fu ̈genschuh, S. Go ̈ttlich, M. Herty, A. Klar, and A. Martin, SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 30 (2008), pp. 1490–1507; S. Go ̈ttlich, M. Herty, and A. Klar, Commun. Math. Sci., 3 (2005), pp. 545–559], which demonstrates the modeling and computational advantages of the variational approach
Maintaining Contour Trees of Dynamic Terrains
We consider maintaining the contour tree of a piecewise-linear
triangulation that is the graph of a time varying height function
. We carefully describe the
combinatorial change in that happen as varies over time and
how these changes relate to topological changes in . We present a
kinetic data structure that maintains the contour tree of over time. Our
data structure maintains certificates that fail only when for two
adjacent vertices and in , or when two saddle vertices lie
on the same contour of . A certificate failure is handled in
time. We also show how our data structure can be extended to
handle a set of general update operations on and how it can be
applied to maintain topological persistence pairs of time varying functions
From Grade Schooler to Great Star: Childhood Development and the “Golden Age” in the World of Japanese Soccer
This chapter, by Elise Edwards, explores how, in its quest for success in the men’s FIFA World Cup, the Japan Football Association encourages parents to enroll preschoolers in its kids’ program to increase the number of children playing soccer and the quality of their training, emphasizes the importance of physical activity and play for children, and promotes the notion of a golden age between the ages of nine and twelve when the opportunity for physical development is said to peak. This popularizes a vision of a segmented childhood determined by age grades and developmental stages underpinned by a fear that Japanese children are in physical and psychological danger if they do not exercise correctly, with grave consequences for the Japanese state. Outdoor play and sport are essential for strengthening the national body, just as they were during World War II. The repetition and discipline required of soccer hopefuls mirrors the much-criticized educational system, which emphasizes excessive discipline and excessive competition and tethers childhood potential to adulthood success
Generating Adaptive Presentations of Hydrologic Behavior
This paper describes a knowledge-based approach for summarizing and presenting the behavior of hydrologic networks. This approach has been designed for visualizing data from sensors and simulations in the context of emergencies caused by floods. It follows a solution for event summarization that exploits physical properties of the dynamic system to automatically generate summaries of relevant data. The summarized information is presented using different modes such as text, 2D graphics and 3D animations on virtual terrains. The presentation is automatically generated using a hierarchical planner with abstract presentation fragments corresponding to discourse patterns, taking into account the characteristics of the user who receives the information and constraints imposed by the communication devices (mobile phone, computer, fax, etc.). An application following this approach has been developed for a national hydrologic information infrastructure of Spain
Distributed k-core view materialization and maintenance for large dynamic graphs
Cataloged from PDF version of article.In graph theory, k-core is a key metric used to identify subgraphs of high cohesion, also known as the ‘dense’
regions of a graph. As the real world graphs such as social network graphs grow in size, the contents get richer and the
topologies change dynamically, we are challenged not only to materialize k-core subgraphs for one time but also to maintain
them in order to keep up with continuous updates. Adding to the challenge is that real world data sets are outgrowing the
capacity of a single server and its main memory. These challenges inspired us to propose a new set of distributed algorithms
for k-core view construction and maintenance on a horizontally scaling storage and computing platform. Our algorithms execute
against the partitioned graph data in parallel and take advantage of k-core properties to aggressively prune unnecessary
computation. Experimental evaluation results demonstrated orders of magnitude speedup and advantages of maintaining k-core
incrementally and in batch windows over complete reconstruction. Our algorithms thus enable practitioners to create and
maintain many k-core views on different topics in rich social network content simultaneously
Hierarchy of boundary driven phase transitions in multi-species particle systems
Interacting systems with driven particle species on a open chain or
chains which are coupled at the ends to boundary reservoirs with fixed particle
densities are considered. We classify discontinuous and continuous phase
transitions which are driven by adiabatic change of boundary conditions. We
build minimal paths along which any given boundary driven phase transition
(BDPT) is observed and reveal kinetic mechanisms governing these transitions.
Combining minimal paths, we can drive the system from a stationary state with
all positive characteristic speeds to a state with all negative characteristic
speeds, by means of adiabatic changes of the boundary conditions. We show that
along such composite paths one generically encounters discontinuous and
continuous BDPTs with taking values depending on
the path. As model examples we consider solvable exclusion processes with
product measure states and particle species and a non-solvable
two-way traffic model. Our findings are confirmed by numerical integration of
hydrodynamic limit equations and by Monte Carlo simulations. Results extend
straightforwardly to a wide class of driven diffusive systems with several
conserved particle species.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figure
Data Systems Dynamic Simulator
The Data System Dynamic Simulator (DSDS) is a discrete event simulation tool. It was developed for NASA for the specific purpose of evaluating candidate architectures for data systems of the Space Station era. DSDS provides three methods for meeting this requirement. First, the user has access to a library of standard pre-programmed elements. These elements represent tailorable components of NASA data systems and can be connected in any logical manner. Secondly, DSDS supports the development of additional elements. This allows the more sophisticated DSDS user the option of extending the standard element set. Thirdly, DSDS supports the use of data streams simulation. Data streams is the name given to a technique that ignores packet boundaries, but is sensitive to rate changes. Because rate changes are rare compared to packet arrivals in a typical NASA data system, data stream simulations require a fraction of the CPU run time. Additionally, the data stream technique is considerably more accurate than another commonly-used optimization technique
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