Revising the Intolerance of Uncertainty Model of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Evidence from UK and Italian Undergraduate Samples

The Intolerance of Uncertainty Model (IUM) of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) attributes a key role to Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU), and additional roles to Positive Beliefs about Worry (PBW), Negative Problem Orientation (NPO), and Cognitive Avoidance (CA), in the development and maintenance of worry, the core feature of GAD. Despite the role of the IUM components in worry and GAD has been considerably demonstrated, to date no studies have explicitly assessed whether and how PBW, NPO, and CA might turn IU into worry and somatic anxiety. The current studies sought to re-examine the IUM by assessing the relationships between the model’s components on two different non-clinical samples made up of UK and Italian undergraduate students. One-hundred and seventy UK undergraduates and 488 Italian undergraduates completed measures assessing IU, worry, somatic anxiety, depression, and refined measures of PBW, NPO, and CA. In each sample, two mediation models were conducted in order to test whether PBW, NPO, and CA differentially mediate the path from IU to worry and the path from IU to somatic anxiety. Secondly, it was tested whether IU also moderates the mediations. Main findings showed that, in the UK sample, only NPO mediated the path from IU to worry; as far as concern the path to anxiety, none of the putative mediators was significant. Differently, in the Italian sample PBW and NPO were mediators in the path from IU to worry, whereas only CA played a mediational role in the path from IU to somatic anxiety. Lastly, IU was observed to moderate only the association between NPO and worry, and only in the Italian sample. Some important cross-cultural, conceptual, and methodological issues raised from main results are discussed

UTILIZATION OF MILK WITH PENICILLIN ANTIBIOTIC RESIDUES BY YOGURT FERMENTATION

Antibiotic residues in milk are problem for consumer and daby farmer, discard this milk will be loss for dairy farmer and environment pollution. Penicillin are most antibiotic residues In milk Yogurt is milk fermented milk with starter of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Penicillin residues in milk will reduce starter activity and finalIy unsuccessful these process. The purpose of this study was to determine penicillin level in milk which is possible to produce yogurt, evaluation of decreasing Penicillin residues level in yoghurt, relationship between starter, antibiotic residues and yoghurt quality. Complete Randomized Design, consist of two factor (penicillin residues : 0,0 1 / ml, 2,0 IU / ml, 4,01U/ / ml, 8,0 IU / m4 0,0 IU / ml and 10 IU / ml and starter concentration : 5 %, 7,5%, 10% and 12,5% ). The study indicated that milk with penicillin residues 10 IU/ml, with starter ( 7,5 % - 12,5% ) are still succes to produce yoghurt and to clear up penicillin residues in mil

Ranking and Selection under Input Uncertainty: Fixed Confidence and Fixed Budget

In stochastic simulation, input uncertainty (IU) is caused by the error in estimating the input distributions using finite real-world data. When it comes to simulation-based Ranking and Selection (R&S), ignoring IU could lead to the failure of many existing selection procedures. In this paper, we study R&S under IU by allowing the possibility of acquiring additional data. Two classical R&S formulations are extended to account for IU: (i) for fixed confidence, we consider when data arrive sequentially so that IU can be reduced over time; (ii) for fixed budget, a joint budget is assumed to be available for both collecting input data and running simulations. New procedures are proposed for each formulation using the frameworks of Sequential Elimination and Optimal Computing Budget Allocation, with theoretical guarantees provided accordingly (e.g., upper bound on the expected running time and finite-sample bound on the probability of false selection). Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of our procedures through a multi-stage production-inventory problem

Intolerance of uncertainty predicting work performance of indonesian temporary employees mediated by personal initiative

Temporary employees in Indonesia have less certainty over their recent and prospective careers. This study aims to investigate whether the Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) may predict personal initiative (PI) and subsequently affect work performance (WP). It was hypothesized that there was a direct and indirect relationship between IU and WP, through the PI. The Purposive sampling technique was utilised in this research. The sample comprised 153 temporary employees who have been working in their current contract for more than six months Data was gathered through The Intolerance of uncertainty-12 items, Personal Initiative Scale, and Individual Work Performance Questionnaire and analyzed through Mediation analysis from PROCESS. The result reveals that IU does not have a direct relationship to WP (effect = -0.1450, p= 0.187), however, IU indirectly predicts WP through PI (effect = -0.1510, LLCI = -0.3251, ULCI = -0.0079). Temporary employees who report higher IU will have less PI (effect = -0.1254, p= 0.0259), and eventually, their work performance will decrease (effect = 1.2042, p< 0.001). This research has some implications. First, during the employees’ recruitment process, the organisation need to consider the IU as a predictor of WP, and the government need to ensure that the companies abide by the Indonesian Labour Law – Act 13 of 2003 related to employees welfare