PD control of magnetically actuated satellites with uneven inertia distribution

This paper considers PD attitude control of magnetically actuated satellites where one axis of inertia is considerably lower than that of the other two. The classic ‘torque-projection’ method of implementing the control is unsuitable for this configuration as the nature of the torque projection controller places little significance on the low inertia axis. This paper proposes a modification to the PD approach by determining the dipole moments through minimisation of a performance index rather than projection onto the magnetic field orthogonal. This allows fairer consideration of the low inertia axis and leads to improved performance of the feedback control. This approach is taken further by introducing an element of feed-forward control to improve the disturbance rejection properties of the system. In a similar way the required feed-forward compensation is determined through minimisation of an appropriate performance index. Combination of the feed-forward and feedback control successfully regulates the satellite attitude when assessed using a high fidelity simulation model. Overall this paper presents a systematic approach to the design of an effective and easy to implement attitude control system for a satellite with an uneven inertia distribution

Attitude control of magnetically actuated satellites with an uneven inertia distribution

This paper addresses magnetic attitude control of a satellite with one axis of inertia significantly lower than that of the other two. With onboard resources often limited, this paper considers the development of an effective control strategy that remains easy to implement. Often used in this type of application, the classical ‘torque-projection’ approach is shown to be unsuitable for satellites with an uneven inertia distribution. To tackle the weaknesses in this approach a new ‘weighted’ PD approach is proposed, with the control torque determined through minimization of a simple cost function. Through a similar philosophy, a feed-forward compensator is designed to supplement the feedback control and improve the disturbance rejection characteristics of the controller. Floquet analysis is used to verify stability of the control strategy for the nominal case and satellites with uncertainties. Simulations carried out on a high fidelity model demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law and the significant performance benefits offered over existing approaches

Use of an Inertia Sphere to Damp the Angular Motions of Spinning Space Vehicles

A theoretical study was made of a device which might be used to damp the angular motions of spin-stabilized space vehicles with constant moments of inertia. the device was assumed to consist of a rate gyro, a servo control, and a rotor mounted in a single gimbal. The investigation was conducted by considering the general equations of motion of the vehicle-damper system and noting that simplification would result if the damper had a spherical inertia distribution. Such a distribution was assumed thereafter, and a control command was defined so that the gimbal angle would be proportional to the angular velocity of the vehicle about the gimbal axis. The resulting equations were linearized, and the Routh-Hurwitz criterion was applied to determine the conditions for stability. The study included two numerical examples showing possible application of inertia-sphere rate dampers. The general conditions for stability were found to be feasible for practical applications. A simplified stability criterion covers a large class of practical problems

Modern Power System Dynamic Performance Improvement through Big Data Analysis

Higher penetration of Renewable Energy (RE) is causing generation uncertainty and reduction of system inertia for the modern power system. This phenomenon brings more challenges on the power system dynamic behavior, especially the frequency oscillation and excursion, voltage and transient stability problems. This dissertation work extracts the most useful information from the power system features and improves the system dynamic behavior by big data analysis through three aspects: inertia distribution estimation, actuator placement, and operational studies.First of all, a pioneer work for finding the physical location of COI in the system and creating accurate and useful inertia distribution map is presented. Theoretical proof and dynamic simulation validation have been provided to support the proposed method for inertia distribution estimation based on measurement PMU data. Estimation results are obtained for a radial system, a meshed system, IEEE 39 bus-test system, the Chilean system, and a real utility system in the US. Then, this work provided two control actuator placement strategy using measurement data samples and machine learning algorithms. The first strategy is for the system with single oscillation mode. Control actuators should be placed at the bus that are far away from the COI bus. This rule increased damping ratio of eamples systems up to 14\% and hugely reduced the computational complexity from the simulation results of the Chilean system. The second rule is created for system with multiple dynamic problems. General and effective guidance for planners is obtained for IEEE 39-bus system and IEEE 118-bus system using machine learning algorithms by finding the relationship between system most significant features and system dynamic performance. Lastly, it studied the real-time voltage security assessment and key link identification in cascading failure analysis. A proposed deep-learning framework has Achieved the highest accuracy and lower computational time for real-time security analysis. In addition, key links are identified through distance matrix calculation and probability tree generation using 400,000 data samples from the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) system

Oscillation energy based sensitivity analysis and control for multi-mode oscillation systems

This paper describes a novel approach to analyze and control systems with multi-mode oscillation problems. Traditional single dominant mode analysis fails to provide effective control actions when several modes have similar low damping ratios. This work addresses this problem by considering all modes in the formulation of the system kinetic oscillation energy. The integral of energy over time defines the total action as a measure of dynamic performance, and its sensitivity allows comparing the performance of different actuators/locations in the system to select the most effective one to damp the oscillation energy. Time domain simulations in the IEEE 9-bus system and IEEE 39-bus system verify the findings obtained by the oscillation energy based analysis. Applications of the proposed method in control and system planning are discussed.Comment: Conference paper, IEEE PESGM 201