Work and Money: Payoffs by Ethnic Identity and Gender

Upon arrival in the host country, immigrants undergo a fundamental identity crisis. Their ethnic identity being questioned, they can be classified into four states – assimilation, integration, separation and marginalization. This is suggested by the ethnosizer, a newly established measure to parameterize a person's ethnic identity, using individual information on language, culture, societal interaction, history of migration, and ethnic self-identification. In what state individuals end up varies among immigrants even from the same country. Moreover, the quest for ethnic identity affects women and men differentially. This paper contends that ethnic identity can significantly affect the attachment to and performance of immigrants in the host country labor market, beyond human capital and ethnic origin characteristics. Empirical estimates for immigrants in Germany show that ethnic identity is important for the decision to work and significantly and differentially affects the labor force participation of men and women. Women who exhibit the integrated identity are more likely to work than women who are German assimilated; this does not hold for men. However, once we control for selection in the labor market and a slew of individual and labor market characteristics, ethnic identity does not significantly affect the earnings of men or women immigrant workers.integration, immigrant assimilation, ethnic identity, ethnicity, ethnosizer, ethnic earnings

Hiding Underneath - Our Oppression, Identity and Gender

The Project Hiding Underneath - Our Oppression, Identity and Gender ” aims to explore the themes of awakening society to respect gender and identity issues. Through the interviews, compositions, story/ poem, paintings and visual, based on self-therapy, rediscover who I am, and awaken from a part of my life spent hiding and covering my gender identity as a result of gender-related physical and mental abuse. I want to make society aware of mistreatment because of gender identity and inspire people to respect and learn it.https://remix.berklee.edu/graduate-studies-global-jazz/1092/thumbnail.jp

Heartland Wainuiomata: Rurality to suburbs, black singlets to naughty lingerie

Robyn Longhurst and Carla Wilson enlarge the question of both national identity and gender by investigating the aptly-named Heartland documentary series. They analyse both the series itself and the discourses around it from the book of the series to the press cuttings. In doing so they pinpoint images of nation, masculinity and femininity that are both stable and transgressive and which emerge through the documentaries themselves, their presenter Gamy McCormack and the celebrated Chloe of Wainuiomata

The Longitudinal Effects of STEM Identity and Gender on Flourishing and Achievement in College Physics

Background. Drawing on social identity theory and positive psychology, this study investigated women’s responses to the social environment of physics classrooms. It also investigated STEM identity and gender disparities on academic achievement and flourishing in an undergraduate introductory physics course for STEM majors. 160 undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory physics course were administered a baseline survey with self-report measures on course belonging, physics identification, flourishing, and demographics at the beginning of the course and a post-survey at the end of the academic term. Students also completed force concept inventories and physics course grades were obtained from the registrar. Results. Women reported less course belonging and less physics identification than men. Physics identification and grades evidenced a longitudinal bidirectional relationship for all students (regardless of gender) such that when controlling for baseline physics knowledge: (a) students with higher physics identification were more likely to earn higher grades; and (b) students with higher grades evidenced more physics identification at the end of the term. Men scored higher on the force concept inventory than women, although no gender disparities emerged for course grades. For women, higher physics (versus lower) identification was associated with more positive changes in flourishing over the course of the term. High-identifying men showed the opposite pattern: negative change in flourishing was more strongly associated with high identifiers than low identifiers. Conclusions. Overall, this study underlines gender disparities in physics both in terms of belonging and physics knowledge. It suggests that strong STEM identity may be associated with academic performance and flourishing in undergraduate physics courses at the end of the term, particularly for women. A number of avenues for future research are discussed

Towards a Distinction between Gender Identity and Gender Orientation

Gender identity is usually thought of in psychologistic terms. But thinking about gender identity in this way often undermines the political and social agencies of queer and trans individuals who rely on the concept the most. To ameliorate this problem, I argue that we should endorse a conceptual distinction between gender identity and what I call gender orientation. The former is an agent’s sincerely self-ascribed gender categorization(s), and the latter is an agent’s psychological relation to gendered social practices

Veteran Identity and Gender Representation: A Critical Visual Analysis

This study reveals struggles over gender and identity in the military and shows how representations embody cultural, political, and ideological tensions over the role of women in the military and society. A chronological series of Veterans Affairs (VA) posters communicate this over a thirty year period. Visual communication and the area of representation and identity have long been studied across multiple disciplines, but no studies exist that examine the VA images. A critical visual analysis with the application of semiotics and gender theory revealed that veteran identity is significantly different between representation of men and representation of women

A Causal-Comparative Study of the Effect of Cultural Identity and Gender on Emotional Intelligence Levels of Christian College Students

To date, very little research has joined the topics of Christian college students’ emotional intelligence (EI) levels, gender and cultural identity. This study was grounded in the Social Cognitive Theory which states that the environment, cognitive factors, and personal factors inform the learning process. The dependent variable was EI and the two independent variables were cultural identity and gender. The literature review identified varying results where EI, culture and gender are concerned, as well as a documented need for EI to be present both during and after college. Utilizing SurveyMonkey, this study was comprised of an instrument to measure participant EI (TEIQue-SF) and another (MEIM) to measure cultural identity and gender. This causal-comparative (ex post facto) study employed a two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) design to analyze data from 168 volunteer participants located at 29 Christian higher learning institutions located around the USA. The results of the study showed participants with low cultural identity scored significantly higher EI levels than moderate cultural identity participants. Additionally, female participant EI levels were significantly higher than those of the male participants. There was no statistically significant relationship on the interaction effect of participant EI levels based on their cultural identity and gender. Among other aspects of cultural identity and Christian college students, future research should explore the effect of cultural identity of Christian college students who have emigrated to study abroad

Aggression: Relationships with Sex, Gender Role Identity, and Gender Role Stress.

Sex, gender-role identity, and gender-role stress were assessed in terms of their relationship to observed gender differences in self-reported aggression. Physical and verbal aggression were explored, as well as the affective component of anger and cognitive component of hostility. The role of emotional intelligence in these relationships was also evaluated, as a possible correlate to the gender-related variables. The results indicated that both gender-role stress and gender-role identification were significantly associated with all components of aggression; however, only physical aggression was related to sex. Emotional intelligence was linked to sex and gender-role identity but not with gender-role stress. The results also suggested that emotional intelligence predicts physical aggression, anger, and hostility in addition to the variance explained by gender variables, presenting negative relationships with each of these variables

The Subaltern as Surrogate: Identity and Gender in Contemporary Postcolonial Novels

The Postcolonial novel attempts to reveal the crimes and lasting effects of colonization. By looking at Season of Migration to the North by Tayeb Salih, The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje, and The Reluctant Fundamentalist by Mohsin Hamid, I intend to reveal how the inversion of the typical postcolonial gender dynamic changes the conversation about the relationship between the colonizer and the colonized. The male, colonized characters within these works are used as surrogates for something that the colonizer, female has lost or desires. This change in relationship draws attention to the way in which past empires still exert their influence on former colonies. The methods of the colonizer have changed from outright conquest to a covert neocolonization that draws the colonized to the core of the empire in order to exert power